安卓黄油刀的使用

一.将黄油刀加入到框架中

1.在项目空间的build.gradle里面

buildscript {
    repositories {
        jcenter()
        mavenCentral()//添加maven仓库
    }
    dependencies {
        classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:2.3.2'
        classpath 'com.github.dcendents:android-maven-gradle-plugin:1.5'
        classpath 'com.jakewharton:butterknife-gradle-plugin:8.6.0'//添加黄油刀插件
    }
}

2.在module的build.gradle里面

dependencies {
    compile 'com.jakewharton:butterknife:8.6.0'
    compile 'com.jakewharton:butterknife-compiler:8.6.0'
    //上面两个我试了是可以的，下面的两个是官方推荐的
    compile 'com.jakewharton:butterknife:8.6.0'
    annotationProcessor 'com.jakewharton:butterknife-compiler:8.6.0'
}

在该文件的最上面添加使用这个插件

apply plugin: 'com.jakewharton.butterknife'

二.使用

1.简单的使用，view的注入

class ExampleActivity extends Activity {
  @BindView(R.id.title) TextView title;//布局文件中的三个TextView
  @BindView(R.id.subtitle) TextView subtitle;
  @BindView(R.id.footer) TextView footer;

  @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.simple_activity);
    ButterKnife.bind(this);//布局注入，这句话后，上面的三个TextView就已经赋值了，就可以使用了。
    // TODO Use fields...
  }
}

2.资源的注入

class ExampleActivity extends Activity {
  @BindString(R.string.title) String title;
  @BindDrawable(R.drawable.graphic) Drawable graphic;
  @BindColor(R.color.red) int red; // int or ColorStateList field
  @BindDimen(R.dimen.spacer) Float spacer; // int (for pixel size) or float (for exact value) field
  // ...
}

3.非activity的绑定

public class FancyFragment extends Fragment {
  @BindView(R.id.button1) Button button1;
  @BindView(R.id.button2) Button button2;

  @Override public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fancy_fragment, container, false);
    ButterKnife.bind(this, view);
    // TODO Use fields...
    return view;
  }
}

4.ViewHolder的注入

public class MyAdapter extends BaseAdapter {
  @Override public View getView(int position, View view, ViewGroup parent) {
    ViewHolder holder;
    if (view != null) {
      holder = (ViewHolder) view.getTag();
    } else {
      view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.whatever, parent, false);
      holder = new ViewHolder(view);
      view.setTag(holder);
    }

    holder.name.setText("John Doe");
    // etc...

    return view;
  }

  static class ViewHolder {
    @BindView(R.id.title) TextView name;
    @BindView(R.id.job_title) TextView jobTitle;

    public ViewHolder(View view) {
      ButterKnife.bind(this, view);
    }
  }
}

5.一次为注入多个view为一个list

@BindViews({ R.id.first_name, R.id.middle_name, R.id.last_name })
List<EditText> nameViews;

为这个list里面所有的view一次性添加动作

ButterKnife.apply(nameViews, DISABLE);
ButterKnife.apply(nameViews, ENABLED, false);
static final ButterKnife.Action<View> DISABLE = new ButterKnife.Action<View>() {
  @Override public void apply(View view, int index) {
    view.setEnabled(false);
  }
};
static final ButterKnife.Setter<View, Boolean> ENABLED = new ButterKnife.Setter<View, Boolean>() {
  @Override public void set(View view, Boolean value, int index) {
    view.setEnabled(value);
  }
};

还可以为view添加动态属性值

ButterKnife.apply(nameViews, View.ALPHA, 0.0f);

6.点击事件

@OnClick(R.id.submit)
public void submit(View view) {
  // TODO submit data to server...
}

@OnClick(R.id.submit)
public void submit() {//也可以不传参数
  // TODO submit data to server...
}
@OnClick(R.id.submit)
public void sayHi(Button button) {//也可以直接指定控件的类型
  button.setText("Hello!");
}

@OnClick({ R.id.door1, R.id.door2, R.id.door3 })
public void pickDoor(DoorView door) {//多个控件注册同一个点击事件
  if (door.hasPrizeBehind()) {
    Toast.makeText(this, "You win!", LENGTH_SHORT).show();
  } else {
    Toast.makeText(this, "Try again", LENGTH_SHORT).show();
  }
}

public class FancyButton extends Button {//自定义控件里面的点击事件
  @OnClick
  public void onClick() {
    // TODO do something!
  }
}

三.解除绑定

public class FancyFragment extends Fragment {
  @BindView(R.id.button1) Button button1;
  @BindView(R.id.button2) Button button2;
  private Unbinder unbinder;//定义解绑的句柄

  @Override public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fancy_fragment, container, false);
    unbinder = ButterKnife.bind(this, view);//绑定的时候会返回一个绑定的句柄
    // TODO Use fields...
    return view;
  }

  @Override public void onDestroyView() {
    super.onDestroyView();
    unbinder.unbind();//要在销毁界面的时候解除绑定，释放控件，才能释放内存
  }
}

四.找不到控件的处理

@Nullable @BindView(R.id.might_not_be_there) TextView mightNotBeThere;//加上@Nullable或者@Optional在找不到控件的时候不会报异常

@Optional @OnClick(R.id.maybe_missing) void onMaybeMissingClicked() {
  // TODO ...
}