prometheus安装

最新推荐文章于 2024-03-15 11:11:56 发布

Jenvid.yang

最新推荐文章于 2024-03-15 11:11:56 发布

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分类专栏：监控文章标签： prometheus

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/a53715668/article/details/136210613

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订阅专栏

https://cloud.tencent.com/developer/article/1449258

https://www.cnblogs.com/jason2018524/p/16995927.html

https://developer.aliyun.com/article/1141712

prometheus

docker安装
https://prometheus.io/docs/prometheus/latest/installation/
```
docker run --name prometheus1 -p 9090:9090 prom/prometheus
```

本地安装

下载解压到指定目录：/usr/local/prometheus https://prometheus.io/download/

[Unit]
Description=https://prometheus.io

[Service]
Restart=on-failure
ExecStart=/usr/local/prometheus/prometheus --config.file=/usr/local/prometheus/prometheus.yml --web.listen-address=:9090 --web.enable-lifecycle

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

配置文件/usr/local/prometheus/prometheus.yml

# my global config
global:
  scrape_interval: 15s # Set the scrape interval to every 15 seconds. Default is every 1 minute.
  evaluation_interval: 15s # Evaluate rules every 15 seconds. The default is every 1 minute.
  # scrape_timeout is set to the global default (10s).

# Alertmanager configuration
alerting:
  alertmanagers:
    - static_configs:
        - targets:
          # - alertmanager:9093

# Load rules once and periodically evaluate them according to the global 'evaluation_interval'.
rule_files:
  - "rules/*.yml"
  # - "first_rules.yml"
  # - "second_rules.yml"

# A scrape configuration containing exactly one endpoint to scrape:
# Here it's Prometheus itself.
scrape_configs:
  # The job name is added as a label `job=<job_name>` to any timeseries scraped from this config.
  - job_name: "prometheus"
    # metrics_path defaults to '/metrics'
    # scheme defaults to 'http'.

    static_configs:
      - targets: ["192.168.1.253:9090"]
  - job_name: 'master_prometheus'
    static_configs:
      - targets: ["192.168.1.253:9100"]
  - job_name: 'node_exporter'
    file_sd_configs:
    - files:
      - 'node.yml'
  - job_name: 'redis_exporter'
    file_sd_configs:
    - files:
      - 'redis.yml'

热加载： curl -X POST http://localhost:9090/-/reload -u username:password

node.yml

- labels:
  env: linux_env
  idc: linux_idc
  system_type: openEuler
targets: ["192.168.1.171:9100","192.168.1.172:9100",'192.168.1.173:9100']

redis.yml

- labels:
    env: redis_env
    idc: redis_idc
    system_type: openEuler
  targets:
    - 192.168.1.171:9121
    - 192.168.1.172:9121
    - 192.168.1.173:9121

列表中的目标对象，编辑后无需重启prometheus可以识别

启动prometheus

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable prometheus
systemctl start prometheus
systemctl status prometheus

prometheus web 安全

https://blog.51cto.com/u_13236892/5882606

安装工具包

yum install -y httpd-tools

生成加密密码

[root@monitor system]# htpasswd -nBC 12 '' | tr -d ':\n'
New password: 
Re-type new password: 
$2y$12$.a389gPJhlI11k6Ksystemctl daemon-reloadjYn.

填入一个配置文件中 `webconf.yml`

[root@monitor prometheus]# cat webconf.yml 
basic_auth_users:
  admin: $2y$12$.a389gPJhlI11k6KI00DR.2nSCZizhLDtCvVQixFBqHXM8NErjYn.

修改systemd启动服务 `prometheus.service`

[Unit]
Description=https://prometheus.io

[Service]
Restart=on-failure
ExecStart=/usr/local/prometheus/prometheus --config.file=/usr/local/prometheus/prometheus.yml --web.listen-address=:9090 --web.config.file=/usr/local/prometheus/webconf.yml --web.enable-lifecycle

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

401错误处理

prometheus界面上发现出现了401错误
prometheus.yml增加认证配置
grafana中点击Dashboards时也会出现登陆框
直接在数据源中配置Authentication即可

登陆地址

http://192.168.1.253:9090/

exporter

node_exporter

https://blog.csdn.net/ygq13572549874/article/details/129115350

解压并mv到目录/usr/local/bin

  cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/node_exporter.service <<EOF
  [Unit]
  Description=node_exporter
  Documentation=https://prometheus.io/
  After=network.target
  [Service]
  Type=simple
  User=root
  Group=root
  ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/node_exporter
  Restart=on-failure
  [Install]
  WantedBy=multi-user.target
  EOF

启动

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable node_exporter
systemctl start node_exporter
systemctl status node_exporter

web地址

http://192.168.1.253:9100/

redis_exporter

https://blog.csdn.net/web13293720476/article/details/126494940

如果redis设置有密码，启动命令：

nohup ./redis_exporter -redis.addr 你的redis的ip:6379  -redis.password 密码  -web.listen-address :9121 &

没有密码

nohup ./redis_exporter -redis.addr 你的redis的ip:6379  -web.listen-address :9121 &

配置系统服务

https://github.com/oliver006/redis_exporter/releases

解压并mv到目录/usr/local/bin

cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/redis_exporter.service <<EOF
[Unit]
Description=node_exporter
Documentation=https://prometheus.io/
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=simple
User=root
Group=root
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/redis_exporter -redis.addr 192.168.1.173:6379  -redis.password 123456  -web.listen-address :9121 &
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

重载

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable redis_exporter
systemctl start redis_exporter
systemctl status redis_exporter

web地址

http://192.168.1.171:9121/

内存指标无法显示，默认maxmemory 内存大小为0，要么设置一个值，要么改变grafana的指标计算公式

https://www.cnblogs.com/caoweixiong/p/12736384.html

如下，Memory Usage 无法显示数值
查看面板的计算，redis_memory_max_bytes （maxmemory）值为0，导致除数为0发生异常
```
127.0.0.1:6379> config get maxmemory
1) "maxmemory"
2) "0"
```
调整redis参数maxmemory后正常

mysqld_exporter

https://github.com/prometheus/mysqld_exporter/releases/download/v0.15.1/mysqld_exporter-0.15.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz

mysql授权

CREATE USER 'exporter'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456' WITH MAX_USER_CONNECTIONS 3;
GRANT PROCESS, REPLICATION CLIENT, SELECT ON *.* TO 'exporter'@'%';

配置文件

cat > /usr/local/exporter/config.my-cnf <<EOF
[client]
host = 192.168.1.253
port = 3306
user = exporter
password = 123456
EOF

cat > /usr/local/prometheu/mysql.yml <<EOF
- labels:
    env: linux_env
    idc: linux_idc
    system_type: openEuler
  targets: ["192.168.1.253:9104"]

- job_name: mysql # To get metrics about the mysql exporter’s targets
    basic_auth:
      username: admin
      password: Mon2024##
    file_sd_configs:
    - files:
      - 'mysql.yml'

生成web密码

密码如果使用123456，会出现错误提示，更改为复杂密码即可

Feb 19 09:20:42 monitor mysqld_exporter: ts=2024-02-19T01:20:42.649Z caller=mysqld_exporter.go:268 level=error msg="Error starting HTTP server" err="crypto/bcrypt: hashedSecret too short to be a bcrypted password"

cat > /usr/local/exporter/webconf.yml <<EOF
basic_auth_users:
  admin: $2y$12$jPDaatE7sZ13DMEErQgTH.Hp.uhSYAvfU7bY/cEdwq7q1PwPCyEPa
EOF

连接mysql

[client]
host = 192.168.1.253
port = 3306
user = exporter
password = 123456

启动服务

cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld_exporter.service <<EOF
[Unit]
Description=mysqld_exporter
Documentation=https://prometheus.io/
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=simple
User=root
Group=root
ExecStart=/usr/local/exporter/mysqld_exporter --config.my-cnf=/etc/my.cnf --web.config.file=/usr/local/exporter/webconf.yml 
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

启动

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable mysqld_exporter --now
systemctl start mysqld_exporter
systemctl status mysqld_exporter

web地址

http://192.168.1.253:9104/

简单压测

mysqlslap -uroot  --concurrency=1 --iterations=1 --create-schema='test' --auto-generate-sql --auto-generate-sql-load-type=mixed --auto-generate-sql-add-autoincrement --engine=innodb --number-char-cols=10 --number-int-cols=5 --number-of-queries=5000 -S/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock

指标不显示问题

原来：
(mysql_global_variables_innodb_buffer_pool_size{instance="$host"} * 100) / on (instance) node_memory_MemTotal_bytes{instance="$host"}
替换为：
(label_replace(mysql_global_variables_innodb_buffer_pool_size{instance="$host"}, "nodename", "$1", "instance", "(.*):.*") * 100) / on(nodename) (label_replace(node_memory_MemTotal_bytes, "nodename", "$1", "instance", "(.*):.*"))

grafana

https://grafana.com/docs/grafana/latest/setup-grafana/installation/docker/

docker run -d --name=grafana -p 3000:3000 grafana/grafana:latest

使用到的模板ID

redis id
```
763
```
node
```
11074
15172
16098
```

Jenvid.yang

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prometheus安装

安装完redis后，在选择监控工具时，首先想到的是zabbix，一看，目前LTS版本已经出到6.X了，预览版都到7了，想当初首次使用的时候还是2.4，有时间还是需要再了解下，本次直接使用grafana+prometheus，部署起来还是蛮快的。
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