C++标准程序库 学习笔记 第七章 迭代器

1. 输出迭代器

一赋值就显示,不会重叠~~

ostream_iterator<int> out_it(cout," ");
	copy(ivec.begin(),ivec.end(),out_it);
	cout<<endl;
	*out_it=100;
	*out_it=200;

输出结果为  100 200 

2 迭代器辅助函数

advance()  迭代器前进or后退

distance() 求两个迭代器间距离 要求1号迭代器  ++ 后能到达2号迭代器

iter_swap()   =  swap( *iter1,*iter2) 交换迭代器指向的内容

3. 迭代器配接器

1>reverse_iterator riter(iter);   riter指向的位置总在 iter指向的位置的前面一个. (  如果iter==ivec.begin()  则riter=rend())

可以用成员函数base() 返回正向的迭代器  riter.base() == iter

int arr[]={1,2,3,4,5,6};
	vector<int> ivec(arr,arr+6);
	
	vector<int>::iterator iter=ivec.begin();
	++iter;
	++iter;
	vector<int>::reverse_iterator riter(iter);
	cout<<*iter<<endl;
	cout<<*riter<<endl;
	cout<< ( riter.base()==iter ? "equal":"not equal")<<endl;

输出结果为   3  2 equal

2>插入迭代器  

front_inserter   调用 push_back

front_inserter   调用 push_front

inserter  调用 insert(pos,value)     //insert好难理解哟..仍然没明白

/*
author: wzy1222 ;
email: 627440781@qq.com
for:  插入迭代器示例
*/
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <deque>
#include <list>
#include <iterator>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
	int arr[]={1,2,3,4,5,6};
	vector<int> ivec(arr,arr+6);
	copy(ivec.begin(),ivec.end(),ostream_iterator<int>(cout," "));
	cout<<endl;

	// back_inserter   容器调用 push_back
	vector<int> ivec1;
	copy(ivec.begin(),ivec.end(),back_inserter(ivec1));
	copy(ivec1.begin(),ivec1.end(),ostream_iterator<int>(cout," "));
	cout<<endl;

	// front_inserter   容器调用 push_front  
	deque<int> ideq2;
	copy(ivec.begin(),ivec.end(),front_inserter(ideq2));
	copy(ideq2.begin(),ideq2.end(),ostream_iterator<int>(cout," "));
	cout<<endl;

	// inserter  容器调用 insert(pos,val) 在迭代器pos处插入新值.. 顺序没乱,不明白~~
	list<int> ilst3;
	copy(ivec.begin(),ivec.end(),inserter(ilst3,ilst3.begin()));
	copy(ilst3.begin(),ilst3.end(),ostream_iterator<int>(cout," "));
	cout<<endl;

	list<int> ilst4;
	copy(ivec.begin(),ivec.end(),inserter(ilst4,ilst4.end()));
	copy(ilst4.begin(),ilst4.end(),ostream_iterator<int>(cout," "));
	cout<<endl;
	system("PAUSE");
	return 0;
}

3> 流迭代器  (有助于理解流的本质~~)

ostream_iterator<int> out_it(cout,"\n");

istream_iterator<int> cin_it(cin),cin_eof;

/*
author: wzy1222 ;
email: 627440781@qq.com
for: 流迭代器示例
*/
#include <iostream>
#include <iterator>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
	ostream_iterator<int> out_it(cout,"\n");
	istream_iterator<int> cin_it(cin),cin_eof;
	while(cin_it!=cin_eof)
	{
		*out_it=*cin_it;
		*out_it=*cin_it;
		++cin_it;
	}
	system("PAUSE");
	return 0;
}