hadoop执行jar流程分析

项目要结束了，最近在整理项目的相关文档，之前项目中在用hadoop jar **.jar提交作业时，设置了些公共依赖jar包到CLASSPATH中，这样算子在打包时就不需要把很多jar包再打进去离开 。
在hadoop-env.sh中和mapreduce.application.classpath、yarn.application.classpath将jar都设置进去了，这样在本地执行hadoop jar命令时就就不会报缺少依赖错误，但关于他们具体的工作原理不太清楚了，就着这个机会，就准备好好分析一下hadoop运行原理，这篇先分析hadoop jar提交任务。

一、命令行hadoop jar *** 命令的hadoop脚本为/usr/local/hadoop

#!/bin/bash
  # Reference: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/59895/can-a-bash-script-tell-what-directory-its-stored-in
  SOURCE="${BASH_SOURCE[0]}"
  BIN_DIR="$( dirname "$SOURCE" )"
  while [ -h "$SOURCE" ]
  do
    SOURCE="$(readlink "$SOURCE")"
    [[ $SOURCE != /* ]] && SOURCE="$DIR/$SOURCE"
    BIN_DIR="$( cd -P "$( dirname "$SOURCE"  )" && pwd )"
  done
  BIN_DIR="$( cd -P "$( dirname "$SOURCE" )" && pwd )"
  LIB_DIR=$BIN_DIR/../lib
# Autodetect JAVA_HOME if not defined
. $LIB_DIR/bigtop-utils/bigtop-detect-javahome
export HADOOP_LIBEXEC_DIR=//$LIB_DIR/hadoop/libexec
exec $LIB_DIR/hadoop/bin/hadoop "$@"

监测JAVAHOMR，设定HADOOP_LIBEXEC_DIR变量，执行实际上的hadoop脚本，该脚本位置在/opt/cloudera/parcels/CDH/lib/hadoop/bin/下（$LIB_DIR的值为/opt/cloudera/parcels/CDH/lib）

二、/opt/cloudera/parcels/CDH/lib/hadoop/bin/hadoop脚本执行流程
   1、执行hadoop-config.sh脚本进行相关配置（hadoop-config.sh详细解析请参考另外一篇博客： http://blog.csdn.net/a822631129/article/details/50038883）
（1）、设置hadoop、hdfs、yarn、mapred目录的一些变量
（2）、设定配置文件目录
（3）、执行hadoop-env.sh文件，项目中就在这个脚本里将依赖的jar添加进去了（hadoop-env.sh脚本的作用就是设置在执行用户写的mapreduce程序中使用的变量，其中设定CLASSPATH使得在提交节点执行用户程序时能够找到依赖，至于container中使用的默认依赖就要通过其他配置搞定了）
（4）、设置JAVA_HOME，JAVA_HEAP_SIZE等变量。
（5）、设置需要加载执行的类CLASS（即CLASSPATH变量，将COMMON、HDFS、YANR、MAPREDUCE、HADOOP_CLASSPATH中的jar都添加上了）和HADOOP_OPTS参数（hadoop.log.dir、hadoop.log.file、hadoop.home.dir、hadoop.root.logger、java.library.path、hadoop.policy.file），
   2、获得用户命令COMMAND，给命令分类，本例是jar。
      确定要执行的CLASS是org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar
   3、 export CLASSPATH=$CLASSPATH
       exec "$JAVA" $JAVA_HEAP_MAX $HADOOP_OPTS $CLASS "$@"
       设定CLASSPATH，获取参数，调用java执行类(RunJar)
  /opt/cloudera/parcels/CDH/lib/hadoop/bin/hadoop脚本： 

# This script runs the hadoop core commands. 

bin=`which $0`
bin=`dirname ${bin}`
bin=`cd "$bin"; pwd`

DEFAULT_LIBEXEC_DIR="$bin"/../libexec
HADOOP_LIBEXEC_DIR=${HADOOP_LIBEXEC_DIR:-$DEFAULT_LIBEXEC_DIR}
. $HADOOP_LIBEXEC_DIR/hadoop-config.sh

function print_usage(){
  echo "Usage: hadoop [--config confdir] COMMAND"
  echo "       where COMMAND is one of:"
  echo "  fs                   run a generic filesystem user client"
  echo "  version              print the version"
  echo "  jar <jar>            run a jar file"
  echo "  checknative [-a|-h]  check native hadoop and compression libraries availability"
  echo "  distcp <srcurl> <desturl> copy file or directories recursively"
  echo "  archive -archiveName NAME -p <parent path> <src>* <dest> create a hadoop archive"
  echo "  classpath            prints the class path needed to get the"
  echo "  credential           interact with credential providers"
  echo "                       Hadoop jar and the required libraries"
  echo "  daemonlog            get/set the log level for each daemon"
  echo "  trace                view and modify Hadoop tracing settings"
  echo " or"
  echo "  CLASSNAME            run the class named CLASSNAME"
  echo ""
  echo "Most commands print help when invoked w/o parameters."
}

if [ $# = 0 ]; then
  print_usage
  exit
fi

COMMAND=$1
case $COMMAND in
  # usage flags
  --help|-help|-h)
    print_usage
    exit
    ;;

  #hdfs commands
  namenode|secondarynamenode|datanode|dfs|dfsadmin|fsck|balancer|fetchdt|oiv|dfsgroups|portmap|nfs3)
    echo "DEPRECATED: Use of this script to execute hdfs command is deprecated." 1>&2
    echo "Instead use the hdfs command for it." 1>&2
    echo "" 1>&2
    #try to locate hdfs and if present, delegate to it.  
    shift
    if [ -f "${HADOOP_HDFS_HOME}"/bin/hdfs ]; then
      exec "${HADOOP_HDFS_HOME}"/bin/hdfs ${COMMAND/dfsgroups/groups}  "$@"
    elif [ -f "${HADOOP_PREFIX}"/bin/hdfs ]; then
      exec "${HADOOP_PREFIX}"/bin/hdfs ${COMMAND/dfsgroups/groups} "$@"
    else
      echo "HADOOP_HDFS_HOME not found!"
      exit 1
    fi
    ;;

  #mapred commands for backwards compatibility
  pipes|job|queue|mrgroups|mradmin|jobtracker|tasktracker|mrhaadmin|mrzkfc|jobtrackerha)
    echo "DEPRECATED: Use of this script to execute mapred command is deprecated." 1>&2
    echo "Instead use the mapred command for it." 1>&2
    echo "" 1>&2
    #try to locate mapred and if present, delegate to it.
    shift
    if [ -f "${HADOOP_MAPRED_HOME}"/bin/mapred ]; then
      exec "${HADOOP_MAPRED_HOME}"/bin/mapred ${COMMAND/mrgroups/groups} "$@"
    elif [ -f "${HADOOP_PREFIX}"/bin/mapred ]; then
      exec "${HADOOP_PREFIX}"/bin/mapred ${COMMAND/mrgroups/groups} "$@"
    else
      echo "HADOOP_MAPRED_HOME not found!"
      exit 1
    fi
    ;;

  #core commands  
  *)
    # the core commands
    if [ "$COMMAND" = "fs" ] ; then
      CLASS=org.apache.hadoop.fs.FsShell
    elif [ "$COMMAND" = "version" ] ; then
      CLASS=org.apache.hadoop.util.VersionInfo
    elif [ "$COMMAND" = "jar" ] ; then
      CLASS=org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar
    elif [ "$COMMAND" = "key" ] ; then
      CLASS=org.apache.hadoop.crypto.key.KeyShell
    elif [ "$COMMAND" = "checknative" ] ; then
      CLASS=org.apache.hadoop.util.NativeLibraryChecker
    elif [ "$COMMAND" = "distcp" ] ; then
      CLASS=org.apache.hadoop.tools.DistCp
      CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:${TOOL_PATH}
    elif [ "$COMMAND" = "daemonlog" ] ; then
      CLASS=org.apache.hadoop.log.LogLevel
    elif [ "$COMMAND" = "archive" ] ; then
      CLASS=org.apache.hadoop.tools.HadoopArchives
      CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:${TOOL_PATH}
    elif [ "$COMMAND" = "credential" ] ; then
      CLASS=org.apache.hadoop.security.alias.CredentialShell
    elif [ "$COMMAND" = "trace" ] ; then
      CLASS=org.apache.hadoop.tracing.TraceAdmin
    elif [ "$COMMAND" = "classpath" ] ; then
      if [ "$#" -eq 1 ]; then
        # No need to bother starting up a JVM for this simple case.
        echo $CLASSPATH
        exit
      else
        CLASS=org.apache.hadoop.util.Classpath
      fi
    elif [[ "$COMMAND" = -*  ]] ; then
        # class and package names cannot begin with a -
        echo "Error: No command named \`$COMMAND' was found. Perhaps you meant \`hadoop ${COMMAND#-}'"
        exit 1
    else
      CLASS=$COMMAND
    fi
    shift

    # Always respect HADOOP_OPTS and HADOOP_CLIENT_OPTS
    HADOOP_OPTS="$HADOOP_OPTS $HADOOP_CLIENT_OPTS"

    #make sure security appender is turned off
    HADOOP_OPTS="$HADOOP_OPTS -Dhadoop.security.logger=${HADOOP_SECURITY_LOGGER:-INFO,NullAppender}"

    export CLASSPATH=$CLASSPATH

三、org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar执行流程：
1.通过命令行参数获取程序jar包名，再通过jar包名称获得jar包中主类名称，若是jar包中没有manifest文件，读第二个参数为主类名称
2.准备运行环境，在hadoop.tmp.dir下创建hadoop-unjar*目录，作为作业执行的工作目录；然后调用unjar方法把jar文件解压到该目录下
3.调用ClassLoader加载CLASSPATH，把算子jar解压后的内容class、lib等加载到CLASSPATH。
4.根据java反射机制执行jar包主类的main方法。

 /** Run a Hadoop job jar.  If the main class is not in the jar's manifest,
   * then it must be provided on the command line. */
  public static void main(String[] args) throws Throwable {
//获取jar包名称，获得jar包中主类名称，若是jar包中没有manifest文件，读第二个参数为主类名称

 String usage = "RunJar jarFile [mainClass] args...";

    if (args.length < 1) {
      System.err.println(usage);
      System.exit(-1);
    }

    int firstArg = 0;
    String fileName = args[firstArg++];
    File file = new File(fileName);
    if (!file.exists() || !file.isFile()) {
      System.err.println("Not a valid JAR: " + file.getCanonicalPath());
      System.exit(-1);
    }
    String mainClassName = null;

    JarFile jarFile;
    try {
      jarFile = new JarFile(fileName);
    } catch(IOException io) {
      throw new IOException("Error opening job jar: " + fileName)
        .initCause(io);
    }

    Manifest manifest = jarFile.getManifest();
    if (manifest != null) {
      mainClassName = manifest.getMainAttributes().getValue("Main-Class");
    }
    jarFile.close();

    if (mainClassName == null) {
      if (args.length < 2) {
        System.err.println(usage);
        System.exit(-1);
      }
      mainClassName = args[firstArg++];
    }
    mainClassName = mainClassName.replaceAll("/", ".");

    File tmpDir = new File(new Configuration().get("hadoop.tmp.dir"));
    ensureDirectory(tmpDir);
    final File workDir;
    try { 
      workDir = File.createTempFile("hadoop-unjar", "", tmpDir);
    } catch (IOException ioe) {
      // If user has insufficient perms to write to tmpDir, default  
      // "Permission denied" message doesn't specify a filename. 
      System.err.println("Error creating temp dir in hadoop.tmp.dir " + tmpDir + " due to " + ioe.getMessage());
      System.exit(-1);
      return;
    }

    if (!workDir.delete()) {
      System.err.println("Delete failed for " + workDir);
      System.exit(-1);
    }
    ensureDirectory(workDir);

    ShutdownHookManager.get().addShutdownHook(
      new Runnable() {
        @Override
        public void run() {
          FileUtil.fullyDelete(workDir);
        }
      }, SHUTDOWN_HOOK_PRIORITY);

    unJar(file, workDir);

    ArrayList<URL> classPath = new ArrayList<URL>();
    classPath.add(new File(workDir+"/").toURI().toURL());
    classPath.add(file.toURI().toURL());
    classPath.add(new File(workDir, "classes/").toURI().toURL());
    File[] libs = new File(workDir, "lib").listFiles();
    if (libs != null) {
      for (int i = 0; i < libs.length; i++) {
        classPath.add(libs[i].toURI().toURL());
      }
    }
    
    ClassLoader loader = new URLClassLoader(classPath.toArray(new URL[0]));

    Thread.currentThread().setContextClassLoader(loader);
    Class<?> mainClass = Class.forName(mainClassName, true, loader);
    Method main = mainClass.getMethod("main", new Class[] {Array.newInstance(String.class, 0).getClass()});
    String[] newArgs = Arrays.asList(args).subList(firstArg, args.length).toArray(new String[0]);
    try {
      main.invoke(null, new Object[] { newArgs });
    } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
      throw e.getTargetException();
    }
  }

四、由以上分析可知，在执行hadoop-config.sh脚本时，执行了hadoop-env.sh，就可将hadoop-env.sh中设置的CLASSPATH加载到了执行jar时的环境变量里，而像mapreduce.application.classpath、yarn.application.classpath这两个属性设置的东西在此时却是没有加载的，这个应该是hadoop的container任务会用到，这个问题以后再具体分析。$HADOOP_HOME/bin/hadoop脚本实现了很多hadoop命令，但是还有很多命令是通过$HADOOP_HOME/bin/mapred或$HADOOP_HOME/bin/hdfs来执行的，有兴趣的可以看看这些脚本，这里暂不做分析。本文主要分析了hadoop执行jar文件的流程：通过解析jar文件的到主类，利用java反射机制执行主类的main方法，进而执行相关程序。进而hadoop如何提交job在下文再做介绍。