项目要结束了,最近在整理项目的相关文档,之前项目中在用hadoop jar **.jar提交作业时,设置了些公共依赖jar包到CLASSPATH中,这样算子在打包时就不需要把很多jar包再打进去离开 。
在hadoop-env.sh中和mapreduce.application.classpath、yarn.application.classpath将jar都设置进去了,这样在本地执行hadoop jar命令时就就不会报缺少依赖错误,但关于他们具体的工作原理不太清楚了,就着这个机会,就准备好好分析一下hadoop运行原理,这篇先分析hadoop jar提交任务。
一、命令行hadoop jar *** 命令的hadoop脚本为/usr/local/hadoop
二、/opt/cloudera/parcels/CDH/lib/hadoop/bin/hadoop脚本执行流程
1、执行hadoop-config.sh脚本进行相关配置(hadoop-config.sh详细解析请参考另外一篇博客: http://blog.csdn.net/a822631129/article/details/50038883)
(1)、设置hadoop、hdfs、yarn、mapred目录的一些变量
(2)、设定配置文件目录
(3)、执行hadoop-env.sh文件,项目中就在这个脚本里将依赖的jar添加进去了(hadoop-env.sh脚本的作用就是设置在执行用户写的mapreduce程序中使用的变量,其中设定CLASSPATH使得在提交节点执行用户程序时能够找到依赖,至于container中使用的默认依赖就要通过其他配置搞定了)
(4)、设置JAVA_HOME,JAVA_HEAP_SIZE等变量。
(5)、设置需要加载执行的类CLASS(即CLASSPATH变量,将COMMON、HDFS、YANR、MAPREDUCE、HADOOP_CLASSPATH中的jar都添加上了)和HADOOP_OPTS参数(hadoop.log.dir、hadoop.log.file、hadoop.home.dir、hadoop.root.logger、java.library.path、hadoop.policy.file),
2、获得用户命令COMMAND,给命令分类,本例是jar。
确定要执行的CLASS是org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar
3、 export CLASSPATH=$CLASSPATH
exec "$JAVA" $JAVA_HEAP_MAX $HADOOP_OPTS $CLASS "$@"
设定CLASSPATH,获取参数,调用java执行类(RunJar)
/opt/cloudera/parcels/CDH/lib/hadoop/bin/hadoop脚本:
三、org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar执行流程:
1.通过命令行参数获取程序jar包名,再通过jar包名称获得jar包中主类名称,若是jar包中没有manifest文件,读第二个参数为主类名称
2.准备运行环境,在hadoop.tmp.dir下创建hadoop-unjar*目录,作为作业执行的工作目录;然后调用unjar方法把jar文件解压到该目录下
3.调用ClassLoader加载CLASSPATH,把算子jar解压后的内容class、lib等加载到CLASSPATH。
4.根据java反射机制执行jar包主类的main方法。
/** Run a Hadoop job jar. If the main class is not in the jar's manifest,
* then it must be provided on the command line. */
public static void main(String[] args) throws Throwable {
//获取jar包名称,获得jar包中主类名称,若是jar包中没有manifest文件,读第二个参数为主类名称
四、由以上分析可知,在执行hadoop-config.sh脚本时,执行了hadoop-env.sh,就可将hadoop-env.sh中设置的CLASSPATH加载到了执行jar时的环境变量里,而像mapreduce.application.classpath、yarn.application.classpath这两个属性设置的东西在此时却是没有加载的,这个应该是hadoop的container任务会用到,这个问题以后再具体分析。$HADOOP_HOME/bin/hadoop脚本实现了很多hadoop命令,但是还有很多命令是通过$HADOOP_HOME/bin/mapred或$HADOOP_HOME/bin/hdfs来执行的,有兴趣的可以看看这些脚本,这里暂不做分析。本文主要分析了hadoop执行jar文件的流程:通过解析jar文件的到主类,利用java反射机制执行主类的main方法,进而执行相关程序。进而hadoop如何提交job在下文再做介绍。
在hadoop-env.sh中和mapreduce.application.classpath、yarn.application.classpath将jar都设置进去了,这样在本地执行hadoop jar命令时就就不会报缺少依赖错误,但关于他们具体的工作原理不太清楚了,就着这个机会,就准备好好分析一下hadoop运行原理,这篇先分析hadoop jar提交任务。
一、命令行hadoop jar *** 命令的hadoop脚本为/usr/local/hadoop
#!/bin/bash
# Reference: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/59895/can-a-bash-script-tell-what-directory-its-stored-in
SOURCE="${BASH_SOURCE[0]}"
BIN_DIR="$( dirname "$SOURCE" )"
while [ -h "$SOURCE" ]
do
SOURCE="$(readlink "$SOURCE")"
[[ $SOURCE != /* ]] && SOURCE="$DIR/$SOURCE"
BIN_DIR="$( cd -P "$( dirname "$SOURCE" )" && pwd )"
done
BIN_DIR="$( cd -P "$( dirname "$SOURCE" )" && pwd )"
LIB_DIR=$BIN_DIR/../lib
# Autodetect JAVA_HOME if not defined
. $LIB_DIR/bigtop-utils/bigtop-detect-javahome
export HADOOP_LIBEXEC_DIR=//$LIB_DIR/hadoop/libexec
exec $LIB_DIR/hadoop/bin/hadoop "$@"
监测JAVAHOMR,设定HADOOP_LIBEXEC_DIR变量,执行实际上的hadoop脚本,该脚本位置在/opt/cloudera/parcels/CDH/lib/hadoop/bin/下($LIB_DIR的值为/opt/cloudera/parcels/CDH/lib)
二、/opt/cloudera/parcels/CDH/lib/hadoop/bin/hadoop脚本执行流程
1、执行hadoop-config.sh脚本进行相关配置(hadoop-config.sh详细解析请参考另外一篇博客: http://blog.csdn.net/a822631129/article/details/50038883)
(1)、设置hadoop、hdfs、yarn、mapred目录的一些变量
(2)、设定配置文件目录
(3)、执行hadoop-env.sh文件,项目中就在这个脚本里将依赖的jar添加进去了(hadoop-env.sh脚本的作用就是设置在执行用户写的mapreduce程序中使用的变量,其中设定CLASSPATH使得在提交节点执行用户程序时能够找到依赖,至于container中使用的默认依赖就要通过其他配置搞定了)
(4)、设置JAVA_HOME,JAVA_HEAP_SIZE等变量。
(5)、设置需要加载执行的类CLASS(即CLASSPATH变量,将COMMON、HDFS、YANR、MAPREDUCE、HADOOP_CLASSPATH中的jar都添加上了)和HADOOP_OPTS参数(hadoop.log.dir、hadoop.log.file、hadoop.home.dir、hadoop.root.logger、java.library.path、hadoop.policy.file),
2、获得用户命令COMMAND,给命令分类,本例是jar。
确定要执行的CLASS是org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar
3、 export CLASSPATH=$CLASSPATH
exec "$JAVA" $JAVA_HEAP_MAX $HADOOP_OPTS $CLASS "$@"
设定CLASSPATH,获取参数,调用java执行类(RunJar)
/opt/cloudera/parcels/CDH/lib/hadoop/bin/hadoop脚本:
# This script runs the hadoop core commands.
bin=`which $0`
bin=`dirname ${bin}`
bin=`cd "$bin"; pwd`
DEFAULT_LIBEXEC_DIR="$bin"/../libexec
HADOOP_LIBEXEC_DIR=${HADOOP_LIBEXEC_DIR:-$DEFAULT_LIBEXEC_DIR}
. $HADOOP_LIBEXEC_DIR/hadoop-config.sh
function print_usage(){
echo "Usage: hadoop [--config confdir] COMMAND"
echo " where COMMAND is one of:"
echo " fs run a generic filesystem user client"
echo " version print the version"
echo " jar <jar> run a jar file"
echo " checknative [-a|-h] check native hadoop and compression libraries availability"
echo " distcp <srcurl> <desturl> copy file or directories recursively"
echo " archive -archiveName NAME -p <parent path> <src>* <dest> create a hadoop archive"
echo " classpath prints the class path needed to get the"
echo " credential interact with credential providers"
echo " Hadoop jar and the required libraries"
echo " daemonlog get/set the log level for each daemon"
echo " trace view and modify Hadoop tracing settings"
echo " or"
echo " CLASSNAME run the class named CLASSNAME"
echo ""
echo "Most commands print help when invoked w/o parameters."
}
if [ $# = 0 ]; then
print_usage
exit
fi
COMMAND=$1
case $COMMAND in
# usage flags
--help|-help|-h)
print_usage
exit
;;
#hdfs commands
namenode|secondarynamenode|datanode|dfs|dfsadmin|fsck|balancer|fetchdt|oiv|dfsgroups|portmap|nfs3)
echo "DEPRECATED: Use of this script to execute hdfs command is deprecated." 1>&2
echo "Instead use the hdfs command for it." 1>&2
echo "" 1>&2
#try to locate hdfs and if present, delegate to it.
shift
if [ -f "${HADOOP_HDFS_HOME}"/bin/hdfs ]; then
exec "${HADOOP_HDFS_HOME}"/bin/hdfs ${COMMAND/dfsgroups/groups} "$@"
elif [ -f "${HADOOP_PREFIX}"/bin/hdfs ]; then
exec "${HADOOP_PREFIX}"/bin/hdfs ${COMMAND/dfsgroups/groups} "$@"
else
echo "HADOOP_HDFS_HOME not found!"
exit 1
fi
;;
#mapred commands for backwards compatibility
pipes|job|queue|mrgroups|mradmin|jobtracker|tasktracker|mrhaadmin|mrzkfc|jobtrackerha)
echo "DEPRECATED: Use of this script to execute mapred command is deprecated." 1>&2
echo "Instead use the mapred command for it." 1>&2
echo "" 1>&2
#try to locate mapred and if present, delegate to it.
shift
if [ -f "${HADOOP_MAPRED_HOME}"/bin/mapred ]; then
exec "${HADOOP_MAPRED_HOME}"/bin/mapred ${COMMAND/mrgroups/groups} "$@"
elif [ -f "${HADOOP_PREFIX}"/bin/mapred ]; then
exec "${HADOOP_PREFIX}"/bin/mapred ${COMMAND/mrgroups/groups} "$@"
else
echo "HADOOP_MAPRED_HOME not found!"
exit 1
fi
;;
#core commands
*)
# the core commands
if [ "$COMMAND" = "fs" ] ; then
CLASS=org.apache.hadoop.fs.FsShell
elif [ "$COMMAND" = "version" ] ; then
CLASS=org.apache.hadoop.util.VersionInfo
elif [ "$COMMAND" = "jar" ] ; then
CLASS=org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar
elif [ "$COMMAND" = "key" ] ; then
CLASS=org.apache.hadoop.crypto.key.KeyShell
elif [ "$COMMAND" = "checknative" ] ; then
CLASS=org.apache.hadoop.util.NativeLibraryChecker
elif [ "$COMMAND" = "distcp" ] ; then
CLASS=org.apache.hadoop.tools.DistCp
CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:${TOOL_PATH}
elif [ "$COMMAND" = "daemonlog" ] ; then
CLASS=org.apache.hadoop.log.LogLevel
elif [ "$COMMAND" = "archive" ] ; then
CLASS=org.apache.hadoop.tools.HadoopArchives
CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:${TOOL_PATH}
elif [ "$COMMAND" = "credential" ] ; then
CLASS=org.apache.hadoop.security.alias.CredentialShell
elif [ "$COMMAND" = "trace" ] ; then
CLASS=org.apache.hadoop.tracing.TraceAdmin
elif [ "$COMMAND" = "classpath" ] ; then
if [ "$#" -eq 1 ]; then
# No need to bother starting up a JVM for this simple case.
echo $CLASSPATH
exit
else
CLASS=org.apache.hadoop.util.Classpath
fi
elif [[ "$COMMAND" = -* ]] ; then
# class and package names cannot begin with a -
echo "Error: No command named \`$COMMAND' was found. Perhaps you meant \`hadoop ${COMMAND#-}'"
exit 1
else
CLASS=$COMMAND
fi
shift
# Always respect HADOOP_OPTS and HADOOP_CLIENT_OPTS
HADOOP_OPTS="$HADOOP_OPTS $HADOOP_CLIENT_OPTS"
#make sure security appender is turned off
HADOOP_OPTS="$HADOOP_OPTS -Dhadoop.security.logger=${HADOOP_SECURITY_LOGGER:-INFO,NullAppender}"
export CLASSPATH=$CLASSPATH
三、org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar执行流程:
1.通过命令行参数获取程序jar包名,再通过jar包名称获得jar包中主类名称,若是jar包中没有manifest文件,读第二个参数为主类名称
2.准备运行环境,在hadoop.tmp.dir下创建hadoop-unjar*目录,作为作业执行的工作目录;然后调用unjar方法把jar文件解压到该目录下
3.调用ClassLoader加载CLASSPATH,把算子jar解压后的内容class、lib等加载到CLASSPATH。
4.根据java反射机制执行jar包主类的main方法。
/** Run a Hadoop job jar. If the main class is not in the jar's manifest,
* then it must be provided on the command line. */
public static void main(String[] args) throws Throwable {
//获取jar包名称,获得jar包中主类名称,若是jar包中没有manifest文件,读第二个参数为主类名称
String usage = "RunJar jarFile [mainClass] args...";
if (args.length < 1) {
System.err.println(usage);
System.exit(-1);
}
int firstArg = 0;
String fileName = args[firstArg++];
File file = new File(fileName);
if (!file.exists() || !file.isFile()) {
System.err.println("Not a valid JAR: " + file.getCanonicalPath());
System.exit(-1);
}
String mainClassName = null;
JarFile jarFile;
try {
jarFile = new JarFile(fileName);
} catch(IOException io) {
throw new IOException("Error opening job jar: " + fileName)
.initCause(io);
}
Manifest manifest = jarFile.getManifest();
if (manifest != null) {
mainClassName = manifest.getMainAttributes().getValue("Main-Class");
}
jarFile.close();
if (mainClassName == null) {
if (args.length < 2) {
System.err.println(usage);
System.exit(-1);
}
mainClassName = args[firstArg++];
}
mainClassName = mainClassName.replaceAll("/", ".");
File tmpDir = new File(new Configuration().get("hadoop.tmp.dir"));
ensureDirectory(tmpDir);
final File workDir;
try {
workDir = File.createTempFile("hadoop-unjar", "", tmpDir);
} catch (IOException ioe) {
// If user has insufficient perms to write to tmpDir, default
// "Permission denied" message doesn't specify a filename.
System.err.println("Error creating temp dir in hadoop.tmp.dir " + tmpDir + " due to " + ioe.getMessage());
System.exit(-1);
return;
}
if (!workDir.delete()) {
System.err.println("Delete failed for " + workDir);
System.exit(-1);
}
ensureDirectory(workDir);
ShutdownHookManager.get().addShutdownHook(
new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
FileUtil.fullyDelete(workDir);
}
}, SHUTDOWN_HOOK_PRIORITY);
unJar(file, workDir);
ArrayList<URL> classPath = new ArrayList<URL>();
classPath.add(new File(workDir+"/").toURI().toURL());
classPath.add(file.toURI().toURL());
classPath.add(new File(workDir, "classes/").toURI().toURL());
File[] libs = new File(workDir, "lib").listFiles();
if (libs != null) {
for (int i = 0; i < libs.length; i++) {
classPath.add(libs[i].toURI().toURL());
}
}
ClassLoader loader = new URLClassLoader(classPath.toArray(new URL[0]));
Thread.currentThread().setContextClassLoader(loader);
Class<?> mainClass = Class.forName(mainClassName, true, loader);
Method main = mainClass.getMethod("main", new Class[] {Array.newInstance(String.class, 0).getClass()});
String[] newArgs = Arrays.asList(args).subList(firstArg, args.length).toArray(new String[0]);
try {
main.invoke(null, new Object[] { newArgs });
} catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
throw e.getTargetException();
}
}
四、由以上分析可知,在执行hadoop-config.sh脚本时,执行了hadoop-env.sh,就可将hadoop-env.sh中设置的CLASSPATH加载到了执行jar时的环境变量里,而像mapreduce.application.classpath、yarn.application.classpath这两个属性设置的东西在此时却是没有加载的,这个应该是hadoop的container任务会用到,这个问题以后再具体分析。$HADOOP_HOME/bin/hadoop脚本实现了很多hadoop命令,但是还有很多命令是通过$HADOOP_HOME/bin/mapred或$HADOOP_HOME/bin/hdfs来执行的,有兴趣的可以看看这些脚本,这里暂不做分析。本文主要分析了hadoop执行jar文件的流程:通过解析jar文件的到主类,利用java反射机制执行主类的main方法,进而执行相关程序。进而hadoop如何提交job在下文再做介绍。