写在前面
注意spring boot 与spring cloud版本对应问题
开发时使用的版本对应
spring cloud 中文文档:https://www.springcloud.cc/spring-cloud-dalston.html#_cloud_native_applications
微服务结构:
1、建库
CREATE TABLE `dept` (
`deptno` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`dname` varchar(60) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 DEFAULT NULL,
`db_source` varchar(60) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`deptno`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=7 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COMMENT='部门表';
INSERT INTO `dept` VALUES ('1', '开发部', database());
INSERT INTO `dept` VALUES ('2', '财务部', database());
INSERT INTO `dept` VALUES ('3', '市场部', database());
INSERT INTO `dept` VALUES ('4', '人事部', database());
INSERT INTO `dept` VALUES ('5', '运维部', database());
INSERT INTO `dept` VALUES ('6', '销售部', database());
2、先搭建几个基本的模块
先新建一个主项目+3个子项目(maven)
2.1、主项目clouddemo
pom.xml
里面写了些公共的依赖spring cloud、mysql、druid、mybatis、junit、log4j、junit、logback
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>org.example</groupId>
<artifactId>clouddemo</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<modules>
<module>springcloud-api</module>
<module>springcloud-provider-dept-8001</module>
<module>springcloud-consumer-dept-80</module>
</modules>
<!-- 打包方式 -->
<packaging>pom</packaging>
<!-- 版本号管理 -->
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
<junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
<lombok.version>1.16.10</lombok.version>
</properties>
<!-- 依赖管理 -->
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<!-- spring cloud依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>Greenwich.SR1</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>2.1.4.RELEASE</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- 数据库 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.47</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 数据库连接池,mybatis里面也内置得有一个 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
<version>1.1.10</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>1.3.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>${junit.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<version>${lombok.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 日志log4j -->
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.17</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
<artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
<version>1.2.3</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
</project>
2.2、子项目-公共 springcloud-api
pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>clouddemo</artifactId>
<groupId>org.example</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>springcloud-api</artifactId>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
实体类 Dept.java
package com.demo.bean;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import lombok.experimental.Accessors;
@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@Accessors(chain = true) // 链式写法 dept.setDname("研发部").setDb_source("test")
public class Dept {
// 主键
private Long deptno;
// 部门名字
private String dname;
// 数据表名字,一般一个微服务对应一个 数据库
private String db_source;
public Dept(String dname){
this.dname = dname;
}
}
2.3、子项目-服务提供者 springcloud-provider-dept-8001
springboot项目
2.3.1、配置
pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>clouddemo</artifactId>
<groupId>org.example</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>springcloud-provider-dept-8001</artifactId>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
<artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- 你们会发现springboot的依赖都没引入,直接引入mybatis的stater,springboot的依赖就自动引进来了-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- jetty,和tomcat一样是一个web容器,Jetty相比与Tomcat是轻量级的-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jetty</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- 热部署工具:写完代码等待一会就部署上去了,不用手动重启 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- 导入我们自己的模块 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.example</groupId>
<artifactId>springcloud-api</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- eureka -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
<version>1.4.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- actuator完善监控信息 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
application.yml
server.port: 8001
mybatis:
# type-aliases-package: org.example.bean
# config-location: classpath:mybatis-config.xml
mapper-locations: classpath:mapper/*.xml
spring:
application:
name: springcloud-provider-dept
# 不使用mybatis的默认数据源,
datasource:
type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
driver-class-name: org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver
url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8
username: root
password: root
# 开启mybatis sql语句打印
logging.level.org.exampl.dao: debug
mybatis-config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<!-- 其实mybatis-config里面的所有配置都有可以写在yaml里 -->
<configuration>
<settings>
<!-- 开启二级缓存 -->
<setting name="cacheEnable" value="true" />
</settings>
</configuration>
2.3.2、启动类
DeptProviderApplication.java
package org.example;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication
public class DeptProviderApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(DeptProviderApplication.class,args);
}
}
2.3.3、dao --> service --> Controller
DeptDao.java
package org.example.dao;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;
import com.demo.bean.Dept;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import java.util.List;
@Mapper
@Repository
public interface DeptDao {
public boolean addDept(Dept dept);
public Dept queryById(Long id);
public List<Dept> queryList();
}
DeptMapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="org.example.dao.DeptDao">
<insert id="addDept" parameterType="com.demo.bean.Dept">
insert into dept(dname,db_source)
values (#{dname},database())
</insert>
<select id="queryById" resultType="com.demo.bean.Dept" parameterType="Long">
select * from dept where deptno=#{id};
</select>
<select id="queryList" resultType="com.demo.bean.Dept">
select * from dept;
</select>
</mapper>
DeptService.java
package org.example.service;
import com.demo.bean.Dept;
import java.util.List;
public interface DeptService {
public boolean addDept(Dept dept);
public Dept queryById(Long id);
public List<Dept> queryList();
}
DeptServiceImpl.java
package org.example.service.impl;
import com.demo.bean.Dept;
import org.example.dao.DeptDao;
import org.example.service.DeptService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import java.util.List;
@Service
public class DeptServiceImpl implements DeptService {
@Autowired
private DeptDao deptDao;
@Override
public boolean addDept(Dept dept) {
return deptDao.addDept(dept);
}
@Override
public Dept queryById(Long id) {
return deptDao.queryById(id);
}
@Override
public List<Dept> queryList() {
return deptDao.queryList();
}
}
DeptController.java
package org.example.controller;
import com.demo.bean.Dept;
import org.example.service.DeptService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.ServiceInstance;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.DiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
import java.util.List;
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/dept")
public class DeptController {
@Autowired
private DeptService deptService;
@Autowired
private DiscoveryClient client;
@RequestMapping("/add")
public boolean addDept(Dept dept){
return deptService.addDept(dept);
}
@RequestMapping("/get/{id}")
public Dept queryById(@PathVariable("id") Long id){
return deptService.queryById(id);
}
@RequestMapping("/get")
public List<Dept> queryList(){
return deptService.queryList();
}
// 获取微服务的信息
@GetMapping("/discovery")
public Object discovery(){
List<String> services = client.getServices();
System.out.println("11111111:"+services);
// 通过application name 拿到一个微服务的信息
List<ServiceInstance> instances = client.getInstances("springcloud-provider-dept");
for (ServiceInstance ins:instances) {
System.out.println(
"主机名称:"+ins.getHost()+"\t"+
"端口号:"+ins.getPort()+"\t"+
"uri地址:"+ins.getUri()+"\t"+
"id:"+ins.getServiceId()
);
}
return this.client;
}
}
2.4、子项目-服务消费者 springcloud-consumer-dept-80
2.4.1、配置
pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>clouddemo</artifactId>
<groupId>org.example</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>springcloud-consumer-dept-80</artifactId>
<dependencies>
<!-- 导入我们自己的模块 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.example</groupId>
<artifactId>springcloud-api</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
application.yml
server.port: 80
2.4.2、启动类
ConsumerApplication.java
package org.example;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication
public class ConsumerApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(ConsumerApplication.class,args);
}
}
2.4.3、dao --> service --> Controller
ConfigBean.java
package org.example.config;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
@Configuration
public class ConfigBean {
@Bean
public RestTemplate getRestTemplate(){
return new RestTemplate();
}
}
DeptConsumerController.java
package org.example.controller;
import com.demo.bean.Dept;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
import java.util.List;
@RestController
public class DeptConsumerController {
// 消费者:没有service层
// RestTemplate 是从 Spring3.0 开始支持的一个 HTTP 请求工具
@Autowired
private RestTemplate restTemplate;
private static final String URL_PREFIX = "http://localhost:8001/";
@RequestMapping("consumer/dept/get/{id}")
public Dept get(@PathVariable("id") Long id){
return restTemplate.getForObject(URL_PREFIX+"/dept/get"+id,Dept.class);
}
@RequestMapping("consumer/dept/add")
public Boolean add(Dept dept){
return restTemplate.postForObject(URL_PREFIX+"/dept/add",dept,Boolean.class);
}
@RequestMapping("consumer/dept/get")
public List<Dept> getList(Dept dept){
return restTemplate.getForObject(URL_PREFIX+"/dept/get",List.class);
}
}
2.5、测试访问
启动服务提供者和服务消费者
http://127.0.0.1/consumer/dept/add?dname=运营部
http://127.0.0.1/consumer/dept/get
http://127.0.0.1/consumer/dept/get/1
3、eureka 服务治理
这我是在同一个机器上搭建三个注册中心,所以需要改一下系统的hosts文件
hosts文件位置:C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc
添加内容:
127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1
127.0.0.1 127.0.0.2
127.0.0.1 127.0.0.3
3.1、注册中心(集群)
先新建三个模块(maven)用做服务注册中心(集群)
目录结构
pom.xml(除了artifactId,其他内容三个模块都一样)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>clouddemo</artifactId>
<groupId>org.example</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>springcloud-eureka-7001</artifactId>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka-server</artifactId>
<version>1.4.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 热部署工具:写完代码等待一会就部署上去了,不用手动重启 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
启动类(除了类名,其他内容三个模块都一样)
package org.example;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaServer // 开启 eureka 注册中心
public class EurekaServer7001 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(EurekaServer7001.class,args);
}
}
application.yml(注意port、hostname、hostname这几个地方三个文件不一样)
server.port: 7001
# eureka配置
eureka:
instance:
hostname: 127.0.0.1
client:
register-with-eureka: false # 表示是否向eureka注册自己
fetch-registry: false # 表示自己是否为注册中心,false 表示是
service-url: # 监控页面地址
# 单机:defaultZone: http://${eureka.instance.hostname}:${server.port}/eureka/
# 集群:defaultZone: http://eureka7002.com/eureka/,http://eureka7003.com/eureka/
defaultZone: http://127.0.0.2:7002,http://127.0.0.3:7003
port分别是:7001、7002、7003
hostname分别是:127.0.0.1、127.0.0.2、127.0.0.3
defaultZone分别是:
http://127.0.0.2:7002,http://127.0.0.3:7003
http://127.0.0.2:7001,http://127.0.0.3:7003
http://127.0.0.2:7001,http://127.0.0.3:7002
3.2、把服务提供者往注册中心注册
application.yml添加配置
# eureka配置
eureka:
client:
service-url:
defaultZone: http://127.0.0.1:7001/eureka/,http://127.0.0.2:7002/eureka/,http://127.0.0.3:7003/eureka/
instance:
# 修改eureka网页上的默认描述信息
instance-id: provider-dept:8001
info:
app.name: 我的微服务1
company.name: yayaya
启动类添加注解
@EnableEurekaClient
@EnableDiscoveryClient
3.3、查看eureka状态
然后启动三个注册中心和服务提供者
访问:http://127.0.0.1:7001/
访问info信息: http://localhost:8001/actuator/info
查看服务提供者这个微服务的信息: http://localhost:8001/dept/discovery