让线程依次执行的难点就是如何判断前一个线程执行结束。runnable对象一个特性就是如果是用runnable.run();启动,那么这个runnable对象还是在启动它的线程中执行的,并不是在独立线程中执行,所以我们可以把多个runnable对象在一个线程中执行,那么这些runnable就是一个一个执行的,既然是按顺序执行的,那么保留顺序信息就要用到queue对象了,我们建立一个queue对象保存这个顺序信息。请看示例代码
首先创建一个类,这个类包含了一个queue对象
class SerialExecutor {
final Queue<Runnable> tasks = new LinkedBlockingQueue<Runnable>();
final Executor executor;
Runnable active;
SerialExecutor(Executor executor) {
this.executor = executor;
}
public void addrun(Runnable r) {
tasks.add(r);
}
public void execute(final Runnable r) {
try {
r.run();
} finally {
scheduleNext();
}
}
protected void scheduleNext() {
if ((active = tasks.poll()) != null) {
this.execute(active);
}
}
}
主类
public class Demo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
final Executor executor = new Executor() {
@Override
public void execute(Runnable command) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
// new Thread(command).start();
command.run();
}
};
Runnable runnable1 = new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.out.println("Runnable1");
}
};
Runnable runnable2 = new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.out.println("Runnable2");
}
};
Runnable runnable3 = new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.out.println("Runnable3");
}
};
Runnable runnable4 = new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.out.println("Runnable4");
}
};
Runnable runnable5 = new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.out.println("Runnable5");
}
};
SerialExecutor se = new SerialExecutor(executor);
se.addrun(runnable1);
se.addrun(runnable2);
se.addrun(runnable3);
se.addrun(runnable4);
se.addrun(runnable5);
se.scheduleNext();
}
}
这个流程就是在main类中创建5个Runnable对象,这5个Runnable对象分别加入SerialExecutor对象中的队列中,然后从队列中取出第一个对象,没有则结束方法。这个程序运行会按照12345的顺序打印Runnable。这个按顺序执行的原因就是因为Executor对象中的execute方法中是command.run(0)而不是new Thread(command).start(),这样每一个要执行的Runnable都会被阻塞在这一个一个执行。这个方法要注意不要在主线程中阻塞。
还有一个方法就是用到synchronized关键字的特性,把执行语句写在用synchronized修饰的方法中,取出队列中的对象执行
代码如下
class SerialExecutor {
final Queue<Runnable> tasks = new LinkedBlockingQueue<Runnable>();
final Executor executor;
Runnable active;
SerialExecutor(Executor executor) {
this.executor = executor;
}
public void addrun(Runnable r) {
tasks.add(r);
}
public synchronized void execute(final Runnable r) {
try {
r.run();
} finally {
scheduleNext();
}
}
protected void scheduleNext() {
if ((active = tasks.poll()) != null) {
this.execute(active);
}
}
}