Lua中pair和ipair的区别？

Lua中pair和ipair的区别？

二者都是Lua中内置的迭代器，可以对数组或table进行遍历。

在正常的数组或table的遍历中，二者没有区别。

	tableNormal={"this","is","a","array"}
	--使用 pairs 遍历
	for key,val in pairs(tableNormal) do
	print(key,'==',val)
	end

遍历结果：

	--使用 ipairs遍历
	for key,val in ipairs(tableNormal) do
	print(key,'==',val)
	end

遍历结果：

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二者没有任何差别！

之所以说是正常的数组，是因为索引是连续的，数值都是存在的，不存在nil的情况。

而如果索引不连续，或索引类型不是num，那么二者就显现出差别。再看，

1. 索引类型为num，但不连续

	table1={}
	table1[1]="Hello"
	table1[2]="Tony!"
	table1[3]="This"
	table1[6]="is"
	--使用ipairs 遍历
	for key,val in ipairs(table1) do
	print(key,'==',val)
	end

结果：

	--使用pairs遍历
	for key,val in pairs(table1) do
	print(key,'==',val)
	end

结果：

显然，使用pairs能对数组内容整体遍历。而ipairs只会访问连续的数字索引内容。

查看一下table长度(实际长度为4)：

print("table1的长度",#table1)

好，我们再看一个情况：

	table2={[2]="welcome",[3]="to",[4]="my",[5]="blog"}
	print("----------------ipairs-------------------------")
	for key,val in ipairs(table2) do
	print(key,"==",val)
	end

猜猜会打印什么？

什么也没有打印！可见ipairs只能从索引为1的位置遍历，且只能访问连续的索引区间。

当然，pairs可以直接遍历咯！

	for key,val in pairs(table2) do
	print(key,"==",val)
	end

	--查看数组长度
	print("table2长度====",#table2)

可见长度的获取和ipairs有关。

我们可以自定义获取数组长度的函数

	function tableSize(table)
	local size=0
	for k,v in pairs(table) do
	size=size+1
	end
	return size
	end
	print("table2长度====",tableSize(table2))

1. 对于索引类型为非nums的table来说，若想遍历直接使用pairs即可。

   	tableAbnormal={[1]="TonyCode",index1="index1",i2="index2",s3="s3"}
   	print("=============ipairs的执行结果=============")
   	for i, v in ipairs(tableAbnormal) do
   	print(i, '=', v)
   	end
   	print("=============pairs的执行结果=============")
   	for i, v in pairs(tableAbnormal) do
   	print(i, '=', v)
   	end

   

   

   综上可知，ipairs适用于数值索引且连续的数组或table的遍历，而pairs对于不同元素类型的数组都适用。但是能使用ipairs尽可能使用，其性能更好。