#!/bin/bash
init() {
echo "配置yum源,所用的源为中国科技大学镜像站。"
sed -e 's|^mirrorlist=|#mirrorlist=|g' -e 's|^#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos|baseurl=https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos|g' -i.bak /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
yum makecache &>/dev/null
echo "关闭selinux。"
setenforce 0 &>/dev/null
sed -ri '/^SELINUX=/c SELINUX=disabled' /etc/selinux/config
echo "禁用防火墙。"
systemctl stop firewalld && systemctl disable firewalld &>/dev/null
echo "安装基础软件包,如vim,wget等。"
yum -y install epel-release wget bash-completion vim-enhanced net-tools lsof lrzsz-0.12.20-36.el7.x86_64 &>/dev/null
rpm -qa wget bash-completion vim-enhanced net-tools lsof lrzsz-0.12.20-36.el7.x86_64 &>/dev/null ||echo "某些软件包安装失败。"
echo "/usr/sbin/dhclient" >> /etc/rc.d/rc.local
chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local
###以下为KVM初始化脚本
yum -y install iptables-services &>/dev/null
rpm -qa iptables.services &> /dev/null || echo "iptables安装失败。"
systemctl start iptables.service &>/dev/null
systemctl enable iptables.service &>/dev/null
echo "iptables设置转发功能。"
echo "net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o ens33 -s 192.168.122.0/24 -j MASQUERADE
iptables-save > /etc/sysconfig/iptables
echo "安装kvm及其组件中。"
yum -y install qemu-kvm libvirt libvirt-python libguestfs-tools virt-install virt-manager &>/dev/null
systemctl enable libvirtd && systemctl start libvirtd &>/dev/null || echo "某些软件包安装失败,请检查网络,或者查看日志。"
echo "安装完成。可以使用'lsmod | grep kvm' 命令查看kvm是否运行"
}
install() {
pas=`echo "1"|openssl passwd -1 -stdin`
####配置文件,默认密码为1
cat > /home/kvm/ks.cfg <<-eof
#platform=x86, AMD64, 或 Intel EM64T
#version=DEVEL
# Install OS instead of upgrade
install
# Keyboard layouts
keyboard 'us'
# Root password
rootpw --iscrypted $pas
# 系统语言
lang zh_CN.UTF-8
#lang en_US
# System authorization information
auth --useshadow --passalgo=sha512
# Use CDROM installation media
#cdrom
# Use text mode install
# 使用字符界面安装操作系统
text
# Do not configure the X Window System
# 不配置图形界面系统
skipx
# SELinux configuration
selinux --disabled
# Firewall configuration
firewall --disabled
# 设置动态获取 IP
network --bootproto=dhcp --device=eth0 --onboot=on
network --hostname=HOSNAME
# 设置静态 IP
# network --bootproto=static --device=eth0 --gateway=192.168.122.1 --ip=192.168.122.100 --nameserver=192.168.122.1 --netmask=255.255.255.0 --activate
# 系统安装完成后 重启系统
#halt
reboot
# System timezone 系统时区
timezone Asia/Shanghai
# System services 系统启动时候自动启动的服务
services --enable="chronyd"
# System bootloader configuration
#系统启动引导方式 vda 是kvm 虚拟机时候的第块磁盘名称
bootloader --location=mbr --boot-drive=vda
# 清除主引导记录
zerombr
# 删除原来的分区和磁盘标签
clearpart --all --initlabel
# 磁盘分区信息,这里采用的是 lvm 自动分区
autopart --type=lvm
# 下面是自定义分区
#part /boot --fstype="xfs" --ondisk=vda --size=200
#part / --fstype="xfs" --ondisk=vda --size=10040
#part /var --fstype="xfs" --ondisk=vda --size=2048
#part /home --fstype="xfs" --ondisk=vda --size=2048
# 安装软件
%packages
@^minimal
@core
chrony
%end
# 禁用 kdump
%addon com_redhat_kdump --disable --reserve-mb='auto'
%end
# 安装系统完成后执行的命令脚本
%post --interpreter=/bin/bash
sed -e 's|^mirrorlist=|#mirrorlist=|g' -e 's|^#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos|baseurl=https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos|g' -i.bak /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
yum makecache
sed -ri '/^SELINUX=/c SELINUX=disabled' /etc/selinux/config
systemctl stop firewalld && systemctl disable firewalld
yum -y install wget bash-completion vim-enhanced net-tools lsof lrzsz-0.12.20-36.el7.x86_64
echo "/usr/sbin/dhclient" >> /etc/rc.d/rc.local
chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local
%end
# 用户密码策略
%anaconda
pwpolicy root --minlen=6 --minquality=1 --notstrict --nochanges --notempty
pwpolicy user --minlen=6 --minquality=1 --notstrict --nochanges --emptyok
pwpolicy luks --minlen=6 --minquality=1 --notstrict --nochanges --notempty
%end
eof
set -ue
set -o pipefail
# 创建相关目录
ls /home/kvm/{ks,virtualhost,virtual-img} 1>/dev/null 2>&1 || mkdir -p /home/kvm/{ks,virtualhost,virtual-img}
#mv /root/CentOS-7-x86_64-Minimal.iso /home/kvm/
# 此程序的变量
KVM_HOME=/home/kvm
KVM_ISO=$KVM_HOME/CentOS-7-x86_64-Minimal-1708.iso
KVM_KS_FILE=$KVM_HOME/ks.cfg
KVM_IMG_DIR=${KVM_HOME}/virtual-img
OS_TYPE="linux"
DEF_OS_VARIANT="rhel7"
DEF_VM_NAME="centos-$(date +%F-%T)"
# 设置默认内存大小 512 M,这个单位是固定的 M,不支持其他单位
DEF_MEM_SIZE=512
DEF_VCPUS=1
DEF_DISK_SIZE=10G
# 交互式安装
echo "输入将要创建的KVM虚拟机名称,不是主机名哦"
read -p "默认值${DEF_VM_NAME}>>:" VM_NAME
echo "输入将要创建的服务器主机名"
read -p "默认 localhost>>:" HOST_NAME
read -p "输入虚拟机 CPU 核心数默认 1 示例:2>>:" VCPUS
echo "输入虚拟机内存大小,默认512M,不支持其他单位"
read -p "只需要添数字即可>>:" MEM_SIZE
echo "输入虚拟机使用的磁盘容量"
read -p "默认 10G,[示例写法:15G]>>:" DISK_SIZE
# 变量替换, 假如没有输入值, 就使用默认值
VM_NAME=${VM_NAME:-$DEF_VM_NAME}
HOST_NAME=${HOST_NAME:-localhost.localdomain}
VCPUS=${VCPUS:-$DEF_VCPUS}
MEM_SIZE=${MEM_SIZE:-$DEF_MEM_SIZE}
DISK_SIZE=${DISK_SIZE:-$DEF_DISK_SIZE}
OS_VARIANT=${OS_VARIANT:-$DEF_OS_VARIANT}
new_disk=${KVM_IMG_DIR}/${VM_NAME}.qcow2
if [[ ! "${DISK_SIZE}" =~ G$ ]] || [[ ! "${DISK_SIZE::-1}" =~ ^[0-9]+$ ]]
then
echo "格式不正确,正确示例:20G"
exit
fi
if [ ! -f "${new_disk}" ];then
qemu-img create -f qcow2 ${new_disk} ${DISK_SIZE}
fi
# 开始创建
virt-install -v \
--arch x86_64 --virt-type kvm \
--name ${VM_NAME} \
--memory ${MEM_SIZE} \
--vcpus ${VCPUS} \
--os-type ${OS_TYPE} \
--location ${KVM_ISO} \
--network default \
--graphics none \
--os-variant ${OS_VARIANT} \
--initrd-inject "${KVM_KS_FILE}" \
--extra-args "ks=file:/ks.cfg \
console=tty0 console=ttyS0,115200n8 \
hostname=${HOST_NAME}" \
--disk ${new_disk},cache=writeback,io=threads,bus=virtio
# 桥接模式,前提是你已经建立好了网桥
# --network bridge=br0 \
# end
}
add_disk() {
read -p "请输入要添加硬盘的设备:" devname
read -p "请输入添加多大的硬盘:" n
cd /home/kvm/virtual-img
for i in {a..z}
do
virsh domblklist $devname |grep -E "^vd$i" &>/dev/null
if [ $? -ne 0 ];then
break
fi
done
disk=vd$i
if [ ! -f "/home/kvm/virtual-img/$devname-$disk.qcow2" ];then
qemu-img create -f qcow2 /home/kvm/virtual-img/$devname-$disk.qcow2 $n
fi
cat > $devname-$disk.xml <<-eof
<disk type='file' device='disk'>
<driver name='qemu' type='qcow2' cache='writeback' io='threads'/>
<source file='/home/kvm/virtual-img/$devname-$disk.qcow2'/>
<target dev='$disk' bus='virtio'/>
</disk>
eof
virsh attach-device $devname $devname-$disk.xml --persistent
ls /home/kvm/virtual-img/$devname-$disk.xml &>/dev/null && rm -rf ./$devname-$disk.xml
}
add_network() {
defmode=default
read -p "请输入要添加网卡的设备:" netname
read -p "请输入要添加的网卡模式,默认为NAT模式,桥接为BR:" mode
mode=${mode:-$defmode}
if [ "$mode" == "NAT" ];then
newmac=$(openssl rand -hex 3 | sed -r 's/..\B/&:/g')
cat >network.xml <<-eof
<interface type='network'>
<mac address='52:54:00:$newmac'/>
<source network='$mode'/>
<model type='virtio'/>
</interface>
eof
virsh attach-device $netname network.xml --persistent
ls ./network.xml &>/dev/null && rm -rf ./network.xml
elif [ "$mode" == "BR" ];then
read -p "请输入桥接网卡名称:" neteth
newmac=$(openssl rand -hex 3 | sed -r 's/..\B/&:/g')
cat >network.xml <<-eof
<interface type='bridge'>
<mac address='52:54:00:$newmac'/>
<source bridge='$neteth'/>
<model type='rtl8139'/>
</interface>
eof
virsh attach-device $netname network.xml --persistent
ls ./network.xml &>/dev/null && rm -rf ./network.xml
fi
}
del_disk() {
read -p "请输入虚拟机名称:" name
read -p "请输入要删除的disk名称:" deldisk
path=$(virsh domblklist centos7_0 |grep $deldisk|awk '{print $2}')
virsh detach-disk $name $deldisk --persistent
ls $path &>/dev/null && rm -rf $path
}
del_network() {
read -p "请输入虚拟机名称:" name
read -p "请输入要删除的网卡名称:" delint
type=$(virsh domiflist $name | grep "$delint" |awk '{print$2}')
mac=$(virsh domiflist $name | grep "$delint" |awk '{print$5}')
virsh detach-interface $name --persistent --mac $mac --type $type --config --live
}
copy_install() {
ls /home/kvm/{ks,virtualhost,virtual-img} 1>/dev/null 2>&1 || mkdir -p /home/kvm/{ks,virtualhost,virtual-img}
cd /home/kvm/virtual-img
defvm_mem=524288
defvm_name=$(date +%F-%T)
read -p "请输入虚拟机名:" vm_name
read -p "请输入虚拟机内存,如524288:" vm_mem
read -p "请输入要克隆的虚拟机磁盘,使用绝对路径如/home/kvm/virtual-img/centos7_0.qcow2:" vm_disk_path_file
vm_mem=${vm_mem:-$defvm_mem}
vm_name=${vm_name:-$defvm_name}
vm_uuid=$(uuidgen)
vm_disk_path=$(echo ${vm_disk_path_file%/*})
vm_mac=$(openssl rand -hex 3 | sed -r 's/..\B/&:/g')
cat >/etc/libvirt/qemu/$vm_name.xml <<-eof
<!--
WARNING: THIS IS AN AUTO-GENERATED FILE. CHANGES TO IT ARE LIKELY TO BE
OVERWRITTEN AND LOST. Changes to this xml configuration should be made using:
virsh edit centos7
or other application using the libvirt API.
-->
<domain type='kvm'>
<name>$vm_name</name> <!--这里修改了-->
<uuid>$vm_uuid</uuid> <!--这里修改了-->
<memory unit='KiB'>$vm_mem</memory> <!--这里修改了-->
<currentMemory unit='KiB'>$vm_mem</currentMemory> <!--这里修改了-->
<vcpu placement='static'>1</vcpu>
<os>
<type arch='x86_64' machine='pc-i440fx-rhel7.0.0'>hvm</type>
<boot dev='hd'/>
</os>
<features>
<acpi/>
<apic/>
</features>
<cpu mode='custom' match='exact' check='partial'>
<model fallback='allow'>Broadwell-noTSX-IBRS</model>
<feature policy='require' name='spec-ctrl'/>
<feature policy='require' name='ssbd'/>
</cpu>
<clock offset='utc'>
<timer name='rtc' tickpolicy='catchup'/>
<timer name='pit' tickpolicy='delay'/>
<timer name='hpet' present='no'/>
</clock>
<on_poweroff>destroy</on_poweroff>
<on_reboot>restart</on_reboot>
<on_crash>destroy</on_crash>
<pm>
<suspend-to-mem enabled='no'/>
<suspend-to-disk enabled='no'/>
</pm>
<devices>
<emulator>/usr/libexec/qemu-kvm</emulator>
<disk type='file' device='disk'>
<driver name='qemu' type='qcow2'/>
<source file='$vm_disk_path/$vm_name.qcow2'/> <!--这里修改了-->
<target dev='vda' bus='virtio'/>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x06' function='0x0'/>
</disk>
<disk type='file' device='cdrom'>
<driver name='qemu' type='raw'/>
<target dev='hda' bus='ide'/>
<readonly/>
<address type='drive' controller='0' bus='0' target='0' unit='0'/>
</disk>
<controller type='usb' index='0' model='ich9-ehci1'>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x04' function='0x7'/>
</controller>
<controller type='usb' index='0' model='ich9-uhci1'>
<master startport='0'/>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x04' function='0x0' multifunction='on'/>
</controller>
<controller type='usb' index='0' model='ich9-uhci2'>
<master startport='2'/>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x04' function='0x1'/>
</controller>
<controller type='usb' index='0' model='ich9-uhci3'>
<master startport='4'/>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x04' function='0x2'/>
</controller>
<controller type='pci' index='0' model='pci-root'/>
<controller type='ide' index='0'>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x01' function='0x1'/>
</controller>
<controller type='virtio-serial' index='0'>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x05' function='0x0'/>
</controller>
<interface type='network'>
<mac address='52:54:00:$vm_mac'/> <!--这里修改了-->
<source network='default'/>
<model type='virtio'/>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x03' function='0x0'/>
</interface>
<serial type='pty'>
<target type='isa-serial' port='0'>
<model name='isa-serial'/>
</target>
</serial>
<console type='pty'>
<target type='serial' port='0'/>
</console>
<channel type='unix'>
<target type='virtio' name='org.qemu.guest_agent.0'/>
<address type='virtio-serial' controller='0' bus='0' port='1'/>
</channel>
<channel type='spicevmc'>
<target type='virtio' name='com.redhat.spice.0'/>
<address type='virtio-serial' controller='0' bus='0' port='2'/>
</channel>
<input type='tablet' bus='usb'>
<address type='usb' bus='0' port='1'/>
</input>
<input type='mouse' bus='ps2'/>
<input type='keyboard' bus='ps2'/>
<graphics type='spice' autoport='yes'>
<listen type='address'/>
<image compression='off'/>
</graphics>
<video>
<model type='qxl' ram='65536' vram='65536' vgamem='16384' heads='1' primary='yes'/>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x02' function='0x0'/>
</video>
<memballoon model='virtio'>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x07' function='0x0'/>
</memballoon>
<rng model='virtio'>
<backend model='random'>/dev/urandom</backend>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x08' function='0x0'/>
</rng>
</devices>
</domain>
eof
echo "复制虚拟机中。 "
cp $vm_disk_path_file $vm_disk_path/$vm_name.qcow2
virsh define /etc/libvirt/qemu/$vm_name.xml
echo "完成"
}
create_snapshot() {
read -p "输入要操作的虚拟机:" name
cat <<-eof
#######################################
1,创建虚拟机快照
2,通过快照还原虚拟机
3,删除虚拟机快照
#######################################
eof
read -p "请输入您的选择:" cho
case $cho in
1)
read -p "请输入需要创建的快照名称:" sname
virsh snapshot-create-as $name $sname
;;
2)
virsh snapshot-list $name
read -p "需要还原到的快照:" sname
virsh snapshot-revert $name --snapshotname $sname
;;
3)
virsh snapshot-list $name
read -p "需要删除的快照:" sname
virsh snapshot-delete $name --snapshotname $sname
;;
esac
}
####如宿主机使用静态IP请自行修改
create_br() {
read -p "请输入桥接到的网卡:" neteth
read -p "请输入需要创建的桥接网卡:" brdg
cat > /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-$brdg <<-eof
TYPE=Bridge
NAME=br0
DEVICE=br0
ONBOOT="yes"
BOOTPROTO=dhcp
#IPADDR=192.168.98.128
#GATEWAY=192.168.98.2
#NETMASK=255.255.255.0
#DNS1=114.114.114.114
#DNS2=8.8.8.8
eof
mv /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-$neteth /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-$neteth.bak
cat > /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-$neteth <<-eof
NAME=$neteth
DEVICE=$neteth
ONBOOT=yes
BRIDGE=br0
eof
systemctl restart libvirtd
systemctl restart network
}
delete_br() {
read -p "请输入需要删除的被桥接网卡,请勿输入特殊字符,如*号:" neteth
read -p "请输入需要删除的桥接网卡:" brdg
rm -rf /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-$neteth
rm -rf /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-$brdg
mv /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-$neteth.bak /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-$neteth
systemctl restart libvirtd
systemctl restart network
}
while :
do
cat <<-eof
****************************************************************
1,安装kvm,并配置环境
2,安装centos7虚拟机,请将镜像文件放到/home/kvm下
3,对设备添加硬盘
4,对设备添加网卡
5,对设备删除硬盘
6,对设备删除网卡
7,克隆虚拟机
8,快照操作
9,创建桥接网卡
10,删除桥接网卡
按其他键退出脚本
****************************************************************
eof
read -p "请输入你的选择:" choice
case $choice in
1)
init
;;
2)
install
;;
3)
add_disk
;;
4)
add_network
;;
5)
del_disk
;;
6)
del_network
;;
7)
copy_install
;;
8)
create_snapshot
;;
9)
create_br
;;
10)
delete_br
;;
*)
exit
;;
esac
done
KVM管理脚本
最新推荐文章于 2022-03-30 22:30:18 发布