这经常发生在更改代码的时候,当有自己的copy 赋值函数或者copy 构造函数时,编译器就不会维护这两个函数。导致发生遗忘。
可能出现的场景
class Customer { private: std::string name; public: Customer(const Customer& rhs):name(rhs.name){}; Customer& operator=(const Customer& rhs) { name = rhs.name; return *this; } }
这一切都很美好直到
case 1:在代码维护时很常见
class Customer { private: std::string name; Date modifiedDate; // added public: Customer(const Customer& rhs):name(rhs.name){}; Customer& operator=(const Customer& rhs) { name = rhs.name; return *this; } }
这个时候增加了ModifiedDate 却忘记修改拷贝构造函数和赋值函数
case 2:发生在继承的时候
class AdvancedCustomer:Customer { private: int creditAmount; public: AdvancedCustomer(const AdvancedCustomer& rhs):creditAmount(rhs.creditAmount){}; AdvancedCustomer& operator=(const AdvancedCustomer& rhs) { creditAmount = rhs.creditAmount; return *this; } }
这个时候只有继承类的成员被赋值,基类的成员却没有,解决方法是调用基类的相关函数
class AdvancedCustomer:Customer { private: int creditAmount; public: AdvancedCustomer(const AdvancedCustomer& rhs): Customer(rhs) // added to initial member of base class creditAmount(rhs.creditAmount){}; AdvancedCustomer& operator=(const AdvancedCustomer& rhs) { Customer::operator=(rhs); // added to initial member of base class creditAmount = rhs.creditAmount; return *this; } }