root@instance-txphg7nh-2:~# fdisk -l #查看磁盘信息
Disk /dev/vda: 40 GiB, 42949672960 bytes, 83886080 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x46392edb
Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type
/dev/vda1 * 2048 83886046 83883999 40G 83 Linux
Disk /dev/vdb: 500 GiB, 536870912000 bytes, 1048576000 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
root@instance-txphg7nh-2:~# fdisk /dev/vdb #进入磁盘
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.31.1).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Device does not contain a recognized partition table.
Created a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x89f6810c.
Command (m for help): m #显示菜单
Help:
DOS (MBR)
a toggle a bootable flag #设定可启动标记
b edit nested BSD disklabel
c toggle the dos compatibility flag
Generic
d delete a partition #删除一个分区
F list free unpartitioned space
l list known partition types #各分区类型所对应的ID
n add a new partition #添加一个分区
p print the partition table #显示该磁盘下的当前分区信息
t change a partition type
v verify the partition table
i print information about a partition
Misc
m print this menu #显示菜单
u change display/entry units
x extra functionality (experts only)
Script
I load disk layout from sfdisk script file
O dump disk layout to sfdisk script file
Save & Exit
w write table to disk and exit #保存退出
q quit without saving changes #不保存退出
Create a new label
g create a new empty GPT partition table
G create a new empty SGI (IRIX) partition table
o create a new empty DOS partition table
s create a new empty Sun partition table
Command (m for help): p #显示该磁盘下的当前分区信息
Disk /dev/vdb: 500 GiB, 536870912000 bytes, 1048576000 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x89f6810c
Command (m for help): n #添加一个分区
Partition type
p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free) #输入p为创建逻辑分区
e extended (container for logical partitions) #输入e为创建扩展分区
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1): 1 #划分逻辑分区
First sector (2048-1048575999, default 2048): 1048575999 #磁盘分区大小
Created a new partition 1 of type 'Linux' and of size 512 B.
Command (m for help): p #显示该磁盘下的当前分区信息
Disk /dev/vdb: 500 GiB, 536870912000 bytes, 1048576000 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x89f6810c
Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type
/dev/vdb1 1048575999 1048575999 1 512B 83 Linux
Command (m for help): w #保存退出
The partition table has been altered.
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
root@instance-txphg7nh-2:~# fdisk -l #再次查看
Disk /dev/vda: 40 GiB, 42949672960 bytes, 83886080 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x46392edb
Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type
/dev/vda1 * 2048 83886046 83883999 40G 83 Linux
Disk /dev/vdb: 500 GiB, 536870912000 bytes, 1048576000 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x89f6810c
Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type
/dev/vdb1 1048575999 1048575999 1 512B 83 Linux
root@instance-txphg7nh-2:~# mkfs.ext4 /dev/vdb #格式化分区
mke2fs 1.44.1 (24-Mar-2018)
Found a dos partition table in /dev/vdb
Proceed anyway? (y,N) y
Creating filesystem with 131072000 4k blocks and 32768000 inodes
Filesystem UUID: bc440c38-2ac5-41e1-a532-79c9084dadb9
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872, 71663616, 78675968,
102400000
Allocating group tables: done
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (262144 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
root@instance-txphg7nh-2:~# echo /dev/vdb【磁盘分区】 /data【挂载目录】 ext4【文件格式】 defaults 0 0 >> /etc/fstab #写入新分区信息 开机自动挂载 => echo /dev/vdb /data ext4 defaults 0 0 >> /etc/fstab
root@instance-txphg7nh-2:~# cat /etc/fstab
# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
#
# Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a
# device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices
# that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5).
#
# <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass>
# / was on /dev/vda1 during installation
UUID=0dfa4835-38d0-426d-bbb9-2e0056aa6e34 / ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1
/dev/vdb /data ext4 defaults 0 0
root@instance-txphg7nh-2:~# mkdir /data #挂载目录
root@instance-txphg7nh-2:~# mount /dev/vdb /data #挂载磁盘
root@instance-txphg7nh-2:~# df -h #查看磁盘信息
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
udev 7.9G 0 7.9G 0% /dev
tmpfs 1.6G 3.3M 1.6G 1% /run
/dev/vda1 40G 2.5G 36G 7% /
tmpfs 7.9G 0 7.9G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 5.0M 0 5.0M 0% /run/lock
tmpfs 7.9G 0 7.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
tmpfs 1.6G 0 1.6G 0% /run/user/0
/dev/vdb 492G 73M 467G 1% /data
root@instance-txphg7nh-2:~#