一、HTTP实现doGet或doPost请求原理介绍
1、浏览器发送请求到HttpSevr类调用HttpServ的service(servletRequest, servletReponse)方法
2、由于没有找到这个方法,去调用父类(HttpServlet) 的同名方法。
3、父类的service方法将ServletRequest req请求转换成HttpServletRequest请求,再去调用service(request, response) 方法。
将ServletRequest req请求转换成HttpServletRequest请求再调用service(request, response) 方法源码如下:
public void service(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse res)
throws ServletException, IOException {
HttpServletRequest request;
HttpServletResponse response;
try {
request = (HttpServletRequest) req;
response = (HttpServletResponse) res;
} catch (ClassCastException e) {
throw new ServletException("non-HTTP request or response");
}
service(request, response);
}
4、 调用的service(request, response) 方法功能是判断用户发出是什么请求,如果是get则调用子类(HttpSevr)的doGet方法,如果是post则调用子类(HttpSevr)的doPost方法。
service(request, response) 方法源码如下:
protected void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
throws ServletException, IOException {
String method = req.getMethod();
if (method.equals(METHOD_GET)) {
long lastModified = getLastModified(req);
if (lastModified == -1) {
// servlet doesn't support if-modified-since, no reason
// to go through further expensive logic
doGet(req, resp);
} else {
long ifModifiedSince;
try {
ifModifiedSince = req.getDateHeader(HEADER_IFMODSINCE);
} catch (IllegalArgumentException iae) {
// Invalid date header - proceed as if none was set
ifModifiedSince = -1;
}
if (ifModifiedSince < (lastModified / 1000 * 1000)) {
// If the servlet mod time is later, call doGet()
// Round down to the nearest second for a proper compare
// A ifModifiedSince of -1 will always be less
maybeSetLastModified(resp, lastModified);
doGet(req, resp);
} else {
resp.setStatus(HttpServletResponse.SC_NOT_MODIFIED);
}
}
} else if (method.equals(METHOD_HEAD)) {
long lastModified = getLastModified(req);
maybeSetLastModified(resp, lastModified);
doHead(req, resp);
} else if (method.equals(METHOD_POST)) {
doPost(req, resp);
} else if (method.equals(METHOD_PUT)) {
doPut(req, resp);
} else if (method.equals(METHOD_DELETE)) {
doDelete(req, resp);
} else if (method.equals(METHOD_OPTIONS)) {
doOptions(req,resp);
} else if (method.equals(METHOD_TRACE)) {
doTrace(req,resp);
} else {
//
// Note that this means NO servlet supports whatever
// method was requested, anywhere on this server.
//
String errMsg = lStrings.getString("http.method_not_implemented");
Object[] errArgs = new Object[1];
errArgs[0] = method;
errMsg = MessageFormat.format(errMsg, errArgs);
resp.sendError(HttpServletResponse.SC_NOT_IMPLEMENTED, errMsg);
}
}
5、调用关系图
二、注意事项:
1、如果在HttpServ中覆盖了service(ServletRequest,SerlvetResonse)方法则这个类的所实现的doGet/doPost都不会再执行了。
因为service(ServletRequest,SerlvetResonse)是最高接口Servlet定义规范。在tomcat调用时,一定会在最终的子类中去找这个方法且调用它。
如果最终的子类没有则会调用父的service(ServletRequest,SerlvetResonse)。
2、如果覆盖了serivce(HttpServletRequest,HtpServletResponse)则会执行httpServlet中的service(ServletRequest,SerlvetResonse),但是由于子类中已经覆盖了serivce(HttpServletRequest,HtpServletResponset)所以,httpServlet中的serivce(HttpServletRequest,HtpServletResponset)就不再执行了,而是直接执行子类中同名同参数方法,且doXxxx也不会执行了,因为子类的serivce(HttpServletRequest,HtpServletResponset)没有调用doXxxx.
3、如果继承了HttpServlet没有实现任何的doXxx方法则会抛出一个异常
三、客户端请求和返回数据用到的常用方法:
javaweb学习总结(十)——HttpServletRequest对象(一) - 孤傲苍狼 - 博客园 (cnblogs.com)