Java学习之路0812(doGet和doPost)

最新推荐文章于 2023-11-15 16:14:03 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2023-11-15 16:14:03 发布

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Servlet中doGet和doPost

doGet 直接连接在URL后面的是显式的,提交到的数据有限
doPost 隐式的，比get安全，提交数据长度不限

这两个方法属于HttpURlconnection中的方法

提交的数据时，如果用get方式，可以通过地址栏的历史记录被别人看到。所以在web开发中，表单的提交一般用post方式，而不用get方式。Get方式的一个优点在于，可以很方便地控制链接的目标地址。

如果需要同时实现doGet 和doPost方式的Servlet，通常会只在doGet方法中实现处理过程，二在doPost方法直接调用doGet方法。

主要代码实现如下(需要界面的话，只需将代码写下按钮事件相应下即可)：

String urlString="http://localhost:8080/MyServersTest/MyTestServerlet?userName=张三&password=123456";//直接在URL后面的是doget方法
                try {
                    URL url=new URL(urlString);//生成URL
                    URLConnection connection=url.openConnection();//打开URL连接
                    //强制造型成HttpURLConnection
                    HttpURLConnection connection2=(HttpURLConnection) connection;
                    //设置请求方法
                    connection2.setRequestMethod("GET");
                    //网络连接超时
                    connection2.setConnectTimeout(10000);
                    //读取时间超时
                    connection2.setReadTimeout(3000);
                    //设置编码格式
                    //设置接收数据类型
                    connection2.setRequestProperty("Accept-Charset", "UTF-8");
                    //设置可以接收到的序列化Java对象
                    connection2.setRequestProperty("content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
                    int code=connection2.getResponseCode();
                    if (code==connection2.HTTP_OK) {
                        BufferedReader br=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(connection2.getInputStream()));
                        String s=br.readLine(); 
                        while (s!=null) {
                            System.out.println(s);
                            s=br.readLine();
                        }
                    }

                } catch (MalformedURLException e1) {
                    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                    e1.printStackTrace();
                } catch(SocketTimeoutException e1){
                    System.out.println("网络连接超时");
                }catch(ConnectException e1){
                    System.out.println("请求超时");
                }catch (IOException e1) {
                    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                    e1.printStackTrace();
                }

实现doGet和doPost还需要服务器的启动，服务器端的代码如下：

import java.io.IOException;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.tomcat.util.http.fileupload.ParameterParser;

/**
 * Servlet implementation class MyTestServerlet
 */
@WebServlet("/MyTestServerlet")
public class MyTestServerlet extends HttpServlet {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    /**
     * @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()
     */
    public MyTestServerlet() {
        super();
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }

    /**
     * @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse
     *      response)
     */
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        String userName = request.getParameter("userName");
        String password = request.getParameter("password");
        String s = "";
        System.out.println("用户名" + userName + "密码" + password);
        userName = Encoding.doEncoding(userName);
        Connection connection = SQLManager.newInstabce().getConn();
        try {
            PreparedStatement preparedStatement = connection
                    .prepareStatement("select * from user where name=? and password=?");
            preparedStatement.setString(1, userName);
            preparedStatement.setString(2, password);
            ResultSet set = preparedStatement.executeQuery();
            set.last();
            int num = set.getRow();
            if (num == 1) {
                s = "登陆成功";
            } else {
                s = "用户名和密码错误";
            }
        } catch (SQLException e1) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e1.printStackTrace();
        }
//       try {
//       Thread.sleep(5000);
//       } catch (InterruptedException e) {
//       // TODO Auto-generated catch block
//       e.printStackTrace();
//       }
//       if (userName==null&&password==null) {
//       System.out.println("userName=null password=null");
//       }else{
//       userName=Encoding.doEncoding(userName);
//       System.out.println("提交了用户和密码，用户名："+userName+" 密码："+password);
//       String s="提交了用户信息，用户名称："+userName+" 密码："+password;
        // 让浏览器以utf-8编码格式解析
        response.setHeader("Content-type", "text/html;charset=UTF-8");
        response.getWriter().append(s);
//       }

    }

    /**
     * @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse
     *      response)
     */
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        doGet(request, response);
    }

}

启动成功后：
这里写图片描述
启动doGet后，若结果匹配
服务端：
用户名zhangsan密码12345
执行成功
客户端：
登陆成功

下面是doPost方法(用法，位置和doGet方法一样)

String urlString="http://localhost:8080/MyServersTest/MyTestServerlet";
                //直接在URL后面的是doPost方法
                try {
                    URL url=new URL(urlString);//生成URL
                    URLConnection connection=url.openConnection();//打开URL连接
                    //强制造型成HttpURLConnection
                    HttpURLConnection connection2=(HttpURLConnection) connection;
                    //网络连接超时
                    connection2.setConnectTimeout(3000);
                    //读取时间超时
                    connection2.setReadTimeout(3000);
                    //设置接收数据类型
                    connection2.setRequestProperty("Accept-Charset", "UTF-8");
                    //设置可以接收到的序列化Java对象
                    connection2.setRequestProperty("content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
                    //设置请求方法
                    connection2.setRequestMethod("POST");
                    //connection2.setDoInput(true);//设置是可以读取服务器返回的内容，默认为true
                    //设置客户端可以给服务器提交素具，默认是false，post方法必须设置为true
                    connection2.setDoOutput(true);
                    //post方法不允许使用缓存
                    connection2.setUseCaches(false);
                    String params="username=zhangsan&pasword=12345";
                    connection2.getOutputStream().write(params.getBytes());


                    int code=connection2.getResponseCode();
                    System.out.println(code);
                    if (code==connection2.HTTP_OK) {
                        BufferedReader br=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(connection2.getInputStream()));
                        String s=br.readLine(); 
                        //System.out.println(s);
                        while (s!=null) {
                            System.out.println(s);
                            s=br.readLine();
                        }
                    }

                } catch (MalformedURLException e1) {
                    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                    e1.printStackTrace();
                } catch(SocketTimeoutException e1){
                    System.out.println("网络连接超时");
                }catch(ConnectException e1){
                    System.out.println("服务器拒绝连接");
                }catch (IOException e1) {
                    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                    e1.printStackTrace();
                }

HttpClient中的doGet和doPost方法

HTTPURLConnection 是sun封装成的网络连接
HttpClient 是Apache使用httpURLConnection封装的类

doGet方法

String urlString="http://localhost:8080/MyServiceTest/MyTestServerlet?username=zhangsan&password=123456";
                HttpClientBuilder builder=HttpClientBuilder.create();
                builder.setConnectionTimeToLive(3000, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
                //生成client的buidler
                HttpClient client=builder.build();//生成client
                HttpGet get=new HttpGet(urlString);//设置为get方法
                get.setHeader("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8");
                //设置服务器接收后数据的读取方式为utf8
                try {
                    HttpResponse response=client.execute(get);//执行get方法得到服务器的返回的所有数据都在response中
                    StatusLine statusLine=response.getStatusLine();//httpClient访问服务器返回的表头，包含http状态码
                    int code=statusLine.getStatusCode();//得到状态码
                    if(code==HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK){
                        HttpEntity entity=response.getEntity();//得到数据的实体
                        InputStream is=entity.getContent();//得到输入流
                        BufferedReader br=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is));
                        String line=br.readLine();
                        while(line!=null){
                            System.out.println(line);
                            line=br.readLine();
                        }
                    }
                } catch (ClientProtocolException e1) {
                    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                    e1.printStackTrace();
                } catch (IOException e1) {
                    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                    e1.printStackTrace();
                }

doPost方法

String url="http://192.168.0.30:8080/MyServiceTest/MyTestServerlet";
                HttpClientBuilder builder=HttpClientBuilder.create();
                builder.setConnectionTimeToLive(3000, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
                HttpClient client=builder.build();
                HttpPost post=new HttpPost(url);
                NameValuePair pair1=new BasicNameValuePair("username", "张三");
                NameValuePair pair2=new BasicNameValuePair("password", "123456");
                ArrayList<NameValuePair> params=new ArrayList<>();
                params.add(pair1);
                params.add(pair2);
                try {
                    post.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(params, "UTF-8"));
                    post.setHeader("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8");
                    HttpResponse response=client.execute(post);
                    int code=response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
                    if(code==200){
                        HttpEntity entity=response.getEntity();
                        InputStream is=entity.getContent();
                        BufferedReader br=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is));
                        String line=br.readLine();
                        while(line!=null){
                            System.out.println(line);
                            line=br.readLine();
                        }
                    }
                } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
                    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                    e.printStackTrace();
                } catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
                    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                    e.printStackTrace();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }

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Java学习之路0812(doGet和doPost)

Servlet中doGet和doPost doGet 直接连接在URL后面的是显式的,提交到的数据有限 doPost 隐式的，比get安全，提交数据长度不限# 这两个方法属于HttpURlconnection中的方法提交的数据时，如果用get方式，可以通过地址栏的历史记录被别人看到。所以在web开发中，表单的提交一般用post方式，而不用get
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