目录
一、平面转换
1. 平面转换 (transform)
作用:为元素添加动态效果,一般与过渡配合使用
概念:改变盒子在平面内的形态(位移、旋转、缩放、倾斜)
平面转换又叫 2D 转换
例子:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Document</title>
<style>
div {
margin: 100px 0;
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
background-color: pink;
transition: all 1s;
}
/* 鼠标滑过:添加动态效果 */
div:hover {
/* transform: translate(800px); */
/* transform: rotate(360deg); */
/* transform: scale(2); */
transform: skew(180deg);
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div></div>
</body>
</html>
网页运行效果:
2. 平面转换 – 平移
属性:transform: translate(X轴移动距离, Y轴移动距离);
取值:
- 像素单位数值
- 百分比(参照盒子自身尺寸计算结果)
- 正负均可
技巧:
- translate() 只写一个值,表示沿着 X 轴移动
- 单独设置 X 或 Y 轴移动距离:translateX() 或 translateY()
例子:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Document</title>
<style>
.cat {
width: 500px;
height: 300px;
margin: 100px auto;
border: 1px solid #000;
background-color: skyblue;
}
.dog {
width: 200px;
height: 100px;
background-color: powderblue;
transition: all 0.5s;
}
/* 鼠标移入猫盒子,犬盒子改变位置 */
.cat:hover .dog {
/* transform: translate(200px, 100px); */
/* 百分比:参照盒子自身尺寸计算结果 */
/* transform: translate(50%, 100%); */
transform: translate(-50%, 100%);
/* 只写一个数表示水平方向 */
/* transform: translate(100px); */
/* transform: translateY(100px); */
transform: translateX(100px);
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="cat">
<div class="dog"></div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
网页运行效果:
3. 平移实现居中效果
我们这里为了方便,只使用第二种方法
例子:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Document</title>
<style>
.cat {
position: absolute;
left: 50%;
top: 50%;
/* 向左向上移动自身尺寸的一半 */
transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
width: 200px;
height: 100px;
background-color: skyblue;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="cat"></div>
</body>
</html>
网页运行效果:
4. 案例 双开门效果
例子:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Document</title>
<style>
* {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
/* 布局:父子结构,父级是大图,子级是左右小图 */
.cat {
display: flex;
margin: 0 auto;
width: 1366px;
height: 600px;
background-image: url(./bg.jpg);
overflow: hidden;
}
/* CSS精灵图 */
.cat .dog1,
.cat .dog2 {
width: 50%;
height: 600px;
background-image: url(./fm.jpg);
transition: all .5s;
}
.cat .dog2 {
background-position: right 0;
}
/* 鼠标悬停 */
.cat:hover .dog1 {
transform: translate(-100%);
}
.cat:hover .dog2 {
transform: translate(100%);
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="cat">
<div class="dog1"></div>
<div class="dog2"></div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
网页运行效果:
5. 平面转换 – 旋转
属性:transform: rotate(旋转角度);
角度单位是 deg
技巧:
- 取值正负均可
- 取值为正,顺时针旋转
- 取值为负,逆时针旋转
例子:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Document</title>
<style>
img {
width: 200px;
transition: all 1s;
}
img:hover {
transform: rotate(360deg);
/* transform: rotate(-360deg); */
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<img src="./dog.png" alt="">
</body>
</html>
网页运行效果:
6. 平面转换 – 改变转换原点
默认情况下,转换原点是盒子中心点
属性:transform-origin: 水平原点位置 垂直原点位置;
取值:
- 方位名词(left、top、right、bottom、center)
- 像素单位数值
- 百分比
例子:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Document</title>
<style>
img {
width: 150px;
border: 1px solid #000;
transition: all 1s;
transform-origin: right bottom;
}
img:hover {
transform: rotate(360deg);
/* transform: rotate(-360deg); */
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<img src="./dog.png" alt="">
</body>
</html>
网页运行效果:
7. 案例-时钟
transform-origin: center bottom;
例子:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8" />
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
<title>Document</title>
<style>
.clock {
width: 250px;
height: 250px;
border: 8px solid #000;
border-radius: 50%;
margin: 100px auto;
position: relative;
}
.line {
/* 1.定位 */
position: absolute;
width: 4px;
height: 250px;
background-color: #999;
left: 50%;
transform: translate(-50%);
}
/* 线2: 旋转, 每条线旋转角度不同, 单独选中不同的line, 写rotate代码 */
/* 一圈是360度, 等分成 xx 份 */
.line:nth-child(2) {
transform: translate(-50%) rotate(30deg);
}
.line:nth-child(3) {
transform: translate(-50%) rotate(60deg);
}
.line:nth-child(4) {
transform: translate(-50%) rotate(90deg);
}
.line:nth-child(5) {
transform: translate(-50%) rotate(120deg);
}
.line:nth-child(6) {
transform: translate(-50%) rotate(150deg);
}
/* 第一根和第四跟宽度大一些 */
.line:nth-child(1),
.line:nth-child(4) {
width: 5px;
}
/* 遮罩圆形 */
.cover {
position: absolute;
left: 50%;
top: 50%;
transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
width: 200px;
height: 200px;
background-color: #fff;
border-radius: 50%;
}
/* 表针 */
/* 并集选择器放在单独选择器的上面, 避免transform属性的层叠 */
.hour,
.minute,
.second {
position: absolute;
left: 50%;
/* 盒子底部在盒子中间 */
bottom: 50%;
}
.hour {
width: 6px;
height: 50px;
background-color: #333;
margin-left: -3px;
transform: rotate(60deg);
transform-origin: center bottom;
}
.minute {
width: 5px;
height: 65px;
background-color: #333;
margin-left: -3px;
transform: rotate(120deg);
transform-origin: center bottom;
}
.second {
width: 4px;
height: 80px;
background-color: red;
margin-left: -2px;
transform: rotate(240deg);
transform-origin: center bottom;
}
/* 螺丝 */
.dotted {
position: absolute;
left: 50%;
top: 50%;
transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
width: 18px;
height: 18px;
background-color: #333;
border-radius: 50%;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="clock">
<!-- 刻度线 -->
<div class="line"></div>
<div class="line"></div>
<div class="line"></div>
<div class="line"></div>
<div class="line"></div>
<div class="line"></div>
<!-- 遮罩圆形 -->
<div class="cover"></div>
<!-- 表针 -->
<div class="hour"></div>
<div class="minute"></div>
<div class="second"></div>
<!-- 螺丝 -->
<div class="dotted"></div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
网页运行效果:
8. 平面转换 – 多重转换
多重转换技巧:先平移再旋转
属性:transform: translate() rotate();
多重转换原理:以第一种转换方式坐标轴为准转换形态
- 旋转会改变网页元素的坐标轴向
- 先写旋转,则后面的转换效果的轴向以旋转后的轴向为准,会影响转换结果
例子:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Document</title>
<style>
.dog {
width: 400px;
height: 100px;
border: 1px solid #000;
}
img {
width: 100px;
transition: all 3s;
}
/* 鼠标移入dog,图片边走边旋转 */
.dog:hover img {
/* 先平移再旋转 */
transform: translate(300px) rotate(360deg);
/* 旋转会改变坐标轴向 */
/* 多重转换:以第一种转换形态的坐标轴为准 */
/* transform: rotate(360deg) translate(300px); */
/* 层叠性 */
/* transform: translate(300px);
transform: rotate(360deg); */
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="dog">
<img src="./dog.png" alt="">
</div>
</body>
</html>
网页运行效果:
9. 平面转换 – 缩放
思考: 改变元素的width或height属性能实现吗?
属性:
transform: scale(缩放倍数);
transform: scale(X轴缩放倍数, Y轴缩放倍数);
技巧:
- 通常,只为 scale() 设置一个值,表示 X 轴和 Y 轴等比例缩放
- 取值大于1表示放大,取值小于1表示缩小
例子:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Document</title>
<style>
.dog {
width: 200px;
height: 200px;
margin: auto;
}
img {
width: 100px;
transition: all .5s;
}
.dog:hover img {
/* transform: scale(2); */
/* transform: scale(1); */
transform: scale(0.5);
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="dog">
<img src="./dog.png" alt="">
</div>
</body>
</html>
网页运行效果:
10. 案例 播放特效
例子:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Document</title>
<style>
* {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
li {
list-style: none;
}
img {
width: 100%;
}
.box {
width: 249px;
height: 210px;
margin: 50px auto;
}
.box p {
color: #3b3b3b;
padding: 10px 10px 0 10px;
}
/* 摆放视频播放按钮:图片区域的中间 */
.box li {
overflow: hidden;
}
.pic {
position: relative;
}
.pic::after {
position: absolute;
left: 50%;
top: 50%;
margin-left: -29px;
margin-top: -29px;
content: '';
width: 58px;
height: 58px;
background-image: url(./play.png);
transform: scale(5);
/* 透明度 */
opacity: 0;
transition: all .5s;
}
/* hover 效果:大按钮,看不见;透明度0,看得见 */
.box li:hover .pic::after {
transform: scale(1);
/* 透明度 */
opacity: 1;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="box">
<ul>
<li>
<div class="pic">
<img src="./party.jpeg" alt="">
</div>
<p>【和平精英】“初火”音乐概念片,四圣觉醒......</p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</body>
</html>
网页运行效果:
11. 平面转换 – 倾斜
属性:transform: skew();
取值:角度度数 deg
例子:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Document</title>
<style>
div {
margin: 100px auto;
width: 100px;
height: 200px;
background-color: skyblue;
transition: all .5s;
}
div:hover {
/* transform: skew(30deg); */
transform: skew(-30deg);
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div></div>
</body>
</html>
网页运行效果:
二、渐变
渐变是多个颜色逐渐变化的效果,一般用于设置盒子背景
分类:
- 线性渐变
- 径向渐变
1. 线性渐变
属性:
background-image: linear-gradient(
渐变方向,
颜色1 终点位置,
颜色2 终点位置,
......
);
取值
渐变方向:可选
- to 方位名词
- 角度度数
终点位置:可选
- 百分比
例子:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Document</title>
<style>
div {
width: 200px;
height: 200px;
background-color: pink;
background-image: linear-gradient(skyblue, pink);
/* background-image: linear-gradient(to right, skyblue, pink); */
/* background-image: linear-gradient(45deg, skyblue, pink); */
/* background-image: linear-gradient(skyblue 80%, pink); */
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div></div>
</body>
</html>
网页运行效果:
2. 案例 产品展示
例子:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8" />
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge" />
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
<title>产品展示效果</title>
<style>
.box {
position: relative;
width: 300px;
height: 212px;
}
.box img {
width: 300px;
}
.box .title {
position: absolute;
left: 15px;
bottom: 20px;
z-index: 2;
width: 260px;
color: #fff;
font-size: 20px;
font-weight: 700;
}
.mask {
position: absolute;
left: 0;
top: 0;
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
background-image: linear-gradient(transparent,
rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5));
opacity: 0;
transition: all .5s;
}
.box:hover .mask {
opacity: 1;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="box">
<img src="./images/product.jpeg" alt="" />
<div class="title">OceanStor Pacific 海量存储斩获2021 Interop金奖</div>
<div class="mask"></div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
网页运行效果:
3. 径向渐变
作用:给按钮添加高光效果
属性:
background-image: radial-gradient(
半径 at 圆心位置,
颜色1 终点位置,
颜色2 终点位置,
......
);
取值:
- 半径可以是2条,则为椭圆
- 圆心位置取值:像素单位数值 / 百分比 / 方位名词
例子:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Document</title>
<style>
div {
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
background-color: pink;
border-radius: 50%;
/* background-image: radial-gradient(50px at center center, red, pink); */
/* background-image: radial-gradient(50px 20px at center center, red, pink); */
/* background-image: radial-gradient(50px at center center, red 5%, pink); */
background-image: radial-gradient(50px at 50px 30px, red, pink);
}
button {
width: 100px;
height: 40px;
background-color: skyblue;
border: 0;
border-radius: 5px;
color: #fff;
background-image: radial-gradient(20px at 10px 10px, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2), transparent);
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div></div>
<button>Hello World</button>
</body>
</html>
网页运行效果:
4. 案例 综合案例 – 喜马拉雅
代码:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8" />
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge" />
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
<title>喜马拉雅</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./css/font.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./css/index.css" />
</head>
<body>
<header class="x-header">
<div class="container">
<a href="#" class="x-header-logo">喜马拉雅</a>
<nav class="x-header-nav">
<a href="#" class="nav-item">发现</a>
<a href="#" class="nav-item">
频道<span class="iconfont icon-down"></span>
<div class="channel-layer">
所有频道<br>
所有频道<br>
所有频道<br>
所有频道<br>
</div>
</a>
<a href="#" class="nav-item">电台</a>
</nav>
<div class="x-header-search">
<form action="#">
<input type="text" placeholder="专辑/声音/主播" />
<a href="#" class="btn">
<span class="iconfont icon-search"></span>
</a>
</form>
</div>
<div class="x-header-icons">
<a href="#" class="icons-item">
<span class="iconfont icon-cloud-upload"></span>
<span class="tit">上传</span>
</a>
<a href="#" class="icons-item">
<span class="iconfont icon-pic-left"></span>
<span class="tit">创作中心</span>
</a>
<a href="#" class="icons-item">
<span class="iconfont icon-sound"></span>
<span class="tit">有声出版</span>
</a>
<a href="#" class="icons-item">
<span class="iconfont icon-desktop"></span>
<span class="tit">客户端</span>
</a>
<a href="#" class="icons-item">
<img src="./assets/avatar.png" alt="" />
</a>
</div>
</div>
</header>
<main class="x-main">
<div class="container">
<!-- banner -->
<div class="banner">
<ul class="banner-list">
<li class="banner-item left">
<a href="#">
<img src="./assets/banner01.jpg" alt="" />
</a>
</li>
<li class="banner-item">
<a href="#">
<img src="./assets/banner02.jpg" alt="" />
</a>
</li>
<li class="banner-item right">
<a href="#">
<img src="./assets/banner03.jpg" alt="" />
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<!-- category -->
<nav class="category">
<div class="category-top">
<a href="#" class="top-item">
<span class="iconfont icon-block top-item-icon"></span>
<span>频道</span>
</a>
<a href="#" class="top-item">
<span class="iconfont icon-appstore top-item-icon"></span>
<span>分类</span>
</a>
<a href="#" class="top-item">
<span class="iconfont icon-crown top-item-icon"></span>
<span>排行</span>
</a>
</div>
<div class="category-sub">
<div class="category-sub-item">
<a href="#" class="start">小说</a>
<a href="#">男频</a>
<a href="#">女频</a>
</div>
<div class="category-sub-item">
<a href="#" class="start">相声</a>
<a href="#">郭麒麟</a>
<a href="#">岳云鹏</a>
</div>
<div class="category-sub-item">
<a href="#" class="start">音乐</a>
<a href="#">电音</a>
<a href="#">流行</a>
</div>
<div class="category-sub-item">
<a href="#" class="start">商业</a>
<a href="#">市场营销</a>
<a href="#">管理</a>
</div>
<div class="category-sub-item">
<a href="#" class="start">健康</a>
<a href="#">饮食</a>
<a href="#">科普</a>
</div>
<div class="category-sub-item">
<a href="#" class="start">科技</a>
<a href="#">互联</a>
<a href="#">无人驾驶</a>
</div>
<div class="category-sub-item">
<a href="#" class="start">英语</a>
<a href="#">听力</a>
<a href="#">实用</a>
</div>
<div class="category-sub-item">
<a href="#" class="start">头条</a>
<a href="#">实时快讯</a>
<a href="#">民生</a>
</div>
</div>
</nav>
<!-- layout -->
<section class="layout">
<!-- 主体内容 -->
<div class="layout-main">
<div class="panel">
<div class="panel-head">
<h3 class="panel-head-tit">猜你喜欢</h3>
<a class="panel-head-toggle" href="#">
<span class="iconfont icon-sync"></span>
<span>换一批</span>
</a>
</div>
<div class="panel-body">
<ul>
<li>
<a href="#" class="album-item">
<div class="album-item-box">
<img class="img" src="./assets/img01.jpg" alt="" />
</div>
<p class="album-item-tit">奇妙三字经 | 诵读吟唱经典磨耳朵 | 宝宝巴士国学</p>
<p class="album-item-aut">宝宝巴士</p>
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#" class="album-item">
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