数据结构(线性表)：单链表

/*
	*数据结构：线性表的链式表示
	*单链表
	*线性表元素序号从1算起
	*Date:2017/4/13
	*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#define InitSize 100
#define ElemType char

typedef struct LNode{
	ElemType data;
	int length;
	struct LNode *next;
}LNode,*LinkList;

LinkList createList1(LinkList &L);	//头插法建立单链表
LinkList createList2(LinkList &L);	//尾插法建立单链表
LNode *getElem(LinkList L,int i);	//按序号查找表结点值
LNode *locateElem(LinkList L,ElemType e);	//按值按序号顺序查找表结点在链表L中第一次出现的位置
void listInsert(LinkList L,int i,ElemType e);	//在第i个结点位置插入新结点，元素值为e
void listDelete(LinkList L,int i,ElemType *e);	//删除第i个结点，用e返回删除元素的值
void printList(LinkList L);	//按先后序号打印链表
bool emptyList(LinkList L);	//判断链表是否为空，为空就返回true,否则返回false
int lengthList(LinkList L);	//返回链表长度
void destoryList(LinkList &L);	//销毁链表

LinkList createList1(LinkList &L){
	LNode *s;
	char ch;
	L = (LinkList)malloc(sizeof(LNode));
	L->length = 0;
	L->next = NULL;
	while(scanf("%c",&ch) != EOF && ch != '\n'){
		s = (LNode *)malloc(sizeof(LNode));
		s->data = ch;
		s->next = L->next;
		L->next = s;
		L->length++;
		//scanf("%c",&ch);
	}
	return L;
}

LinkList createList2(LinkList &L){
	char ch;
	L = (LinkList)malloc(sizeof(LNode));
	L->length = 0;
	L->next = NULL;
	LNode *s,*r=L;
	while(scanf("%c",&ch) != EOF && ch != '\n'){
		s = (LNode *)malloc(sizeof(LNode));
		s->data = ch;
		r->next = s;
		r = s;
		L->length++;
	}
	r->next = NULL;		//让尾指针指向NULL
	return L;
}

LNode *getElem(LinkList L,int i){
	int j = 1;
	LNode * s = L->next;
	while(s && j < i){
		s = s->next;
		j++;
	}
	return s;
}

LNode *locateElem(LinkList L,ElemType e){
	LNode *s = L->next;
	while(s && s->data != e){
		s = s->next;
	}
	return s;
}

void listInsert(LinkList L,int i,ElemType e){
	LNode *s = getElem(L,i-1);
	LNode *p = (LNode *)malloc(sizeof(LNode));
	p->data = e;
	p->next =  s->next;
	s->next = p;
	L->length++;
}

void listDelete(LinkList L,int i,ElemType *e){
	LNode *s = getElem(L,i-1);
	LNode *p = s->next;
	*e = p->data;
	s->next = p->next;
	free(p);
	L->length--;
}

void printList(LinkList L){
	LNode *s = L->next;
	while(s){
		printf("%c ",s->data);
		s = s->next;
	}
	printf("\n");
}

bool emptyList(LinkList L){
	if(L->next == NULL){
		return true;
	}else{
		return false;
	}
}

void destroyList(LinkList &L){
	while(L->next != NULL){
		LNode *tmp = L;
		L = L->next;
		free(tmp);
	}
	printf("已销毁链表");
}

int lengthList(LinkList L){
	return L->length;
}

int main(){
	freopen("in.txt","r",stdin);
	printf("/*************************单链表****************************/\n\n\n");
	LinkList L1,L2;
/*	if(emptyList(L1)){
		printf("L1为空\n");
	}else{
		printf("L1不为空\n");
	}*/

	createList1(L1);
	createList2(L2);
	printList(L1);
	printList(L2);
	printf("L1长度:%d\nL2长度:%d\n",lengthList(L1),lengthList(L2));

	LNode *s1 = getElem(L1,3);
	printf("L1第3个位置：%c\n",s1->data);
	LNode *s2 = getElem(L2,4);
	printf("L2第4个位置：%c\n",s2->data);

	s1 = locateElem(L1,'e');
	s2 = locateElem(L2,'p');
	printf("s1 = locateElem(L1,'e'):%c\n",s1->data);
	printf("s2 = locateElem(L2,'p'):%c\n",s2->data);

	listInsert(L1,2,'z');
	printf("listInsert(&L1,2,'z') :");
	printList(L1);
	
	char e;
	listDelete(L2,3,&e);
	printf("listDelete(&L2,3,&e) : %c\n",e);
	printList(L2);
	
	if(emptyList(L1)){
		printf("L1为空\n");
	}else{
		printf("L1不为空\n");
	}
	if(emptyList(L2)){
		printf("L2为空\n");
	}else{
		printf("L2不为空\n");
	}

	printf("L1长度:%d\nL2长度:%d\n",lengthList(L1),lengthList(L2));

	destroyList(L2);
	printf("L2\n");
	return 0;
}
		

in.txt:

abcepoui
apple