脏读

1. 脏读

对于对象的同步和异步的方法，我们在设计自己的程序的时候，一定要考虑问题的整体，不然就会出现数据不一致的错误，很经典的错误就是脏读（dirtyRead）

2. 示例【com.bjsxt.base.sync004】DirtyRead

public class DirtyRead {
    private String username = "bjsxt";
    private String password = "123";

    public synchronized void setValue(String username, String password){
        this.username = username;
        try {
            Thread.sleep(2000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        this.password = password;
        System.out.println("setValue最终结果：" + "username = " + this.username + ", password = " + this.password);
    }

    public void getValue(){
        System.out.println("getValue最终结果：" + "username = " + this.username + ", password = " + this.password);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args){
        DirtyRead dr = new DirtyRead();
        Thread t1 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                dr.setValue("z3","456");
            }
        });
        t1.start();
        try {
            Thread.sleep(1000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        dr.getValue();
    }

执行结果：

public class DirtyRead {
    private String username = "bjsxt";
    private String password = "123";

    public synchronized void setValue(String username, String password){
        this.username = username;
        try {
            Thread.sleep(2000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        this.password = password;
        System.out.println("setValue最终结果：" + "username = " + this.username + ", password = " + this.password);
    }

    public synchronized void getValue(){
        System.out.println("getValue最终结果：" + "username = " + this.username + ", password = " + this.password);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args){
        DirtyRead dr = new DirtyRead();
        Thread t1 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                dr.setValue("z3","456");
            }
        });
        t1.start();
        try {
            Thread.sleep(1000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        dr.getValue();
    }
}

执行结果：

3. 示例总结

在我们对一个对象的方法加锁的时候，需要考虑业务的整体性，即为setValue/getValue方法同时加锁synchronized同步关键字，保证业务（service）的原子性，不然会出现业务错误（也从侧面保证业务的一致性）。

4.补充

关系型数据库有四个基本特性：ACID。A(atomicity)：原子性，C(consistency)：一致性，I(isolation)：隔离性，D(durability)：持久性。