02 创建线程

02 创建线程

创建线程有如下三种方式：

1. 继承Thread类（因为是继承，所以继承了Thread就不能继承其他类）

2. 实现Runnable接口（重点，接口可以有多实现，所以推荐使用，Thread类也是实现了RUnnable接口的）

3. 实现Callable接口（有返回消息）

继承Thread类

package cn.deexin.thread;


//继承Thread类
public class MyThread1  extends  Thread{
    //重写run方法
    @Override
    public void run() {
        for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
            System.out.println("Hello,world"+i);
        }
    }

    //主线程
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //new一个我们的线程
        MyThread1 myThread1=new MyThread1();
        //线程开始执行
        myThread1.start();


        //调用run方法，没有开启线程，只是按照普通方法执行!!!
        myThread1.run();
        for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
            System.out.println("主线程"+i);
        }
    }
}

线程开启不一定立即执行，由cpu调度。

实现Runnable接口

package cn.deexin.runnable;
//实现runnable接口
public class MyRunnable implements  Runnable {
    //重写run方法
    @Override
    public void run() {
        for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
            System.out.println("hello,world"+i);
        }
    }

    //主线程
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //创建runnable接口实现类对象
        MyRunnable myRunnable=new MyRunnable();
        //创建代理类线程对象，通过线程对象来k开启我们的线程，
        Thread thread=new Thread(myRunnable);
        //启动线程
        thread.start();
        for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
            System.out.println("主线程"+i);
        }
    }
}

实现Callable接口

//Callable的好处
//1.可以定义返回值
//2.可以抛出异常
public class MyCallable implements Callable<Boolean> {

    private String url;
    private String name;

    public MyCallable(String url,String name){
        this.url=url;
        this.name=name;
    }
    @Override
    public Boolean call() throws Exception {
        WebDownloader webDownloader=new WebDownloader();
        webDownloader.download(url,name);
        System.out.println("下载的图片名为"+name);
        return true;
    }


    public static void main(String[] args) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
        MyCallable downloadImage1=new MyCallable("https://pics7.baidu.com/feed/b3b7d0a20cf431add37337b74c3fbea52fdd98a9.jpeg?token=90af8878c0cf90b13ac859cde8b873ea","1.jpg");
        MyCallable downloadImage2=new MyCallable("https://t12.baidu.com/it/u=2813575936,168938841&fm=30&app=106&f=JPEG?w=312&h=208&s=477A7BCAEB3BB2C62E7CB41C030050D2","2.jpg");
        MyCallable downloadImage3=new MyCallable("https://t11.baidu.com/it/u=2351765601,168930212&fm=30&app=106&f=JPEG?w=312&h=208&s=9A027A2159E933035B1C3983010060B1","3.jpg");
       //创建执行服务
        ExecutorService ser= Executors.newFixedThreadPool(2);
        //提交执行
        Future<Boolean> result1=  ser.submit(downloadImage1);
        Future<Boolean> result2=  ser.submit(downloadImage2);
        Future<Boolean> result3=  ser.submit(downloadImage3);


            //获取结果
            Boolean b1=result1.get();
            Boolean b2=result2.get();
            Boolean b3=result3.get();
            System.out.println(b1);
            System.out.println(b2);
            System.out.println(b3);

        //关闭服务
        ser.shutdownNow();


    }
}
//下载器
class WebDownloader{
    //下载方法
    public void download(String url,String name){
        try {
            FileUtils.copyURLToFile(new URL(url),new File(name));
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            System.out.println("IO异常，downloader方法出现问题！");
        }
    }

}

火车票列子

//多个线程操作同一个对象
//买火车票的列子


public class HuoChePiao implements Runnable {

    //票数
    private int ticketNums = 10;

    @Override
    public void run() {
        while (true) {
            if (ticketNums <= 0) {
                break;
            }
            //模拟延时
            try {
                Thread.sleep(300);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "拿到了火车票" + ticketNums--);
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        HuoChePiao xiaoming = new HuoChePiao();

        new Thread(xiaoming,"小红").start();
        new Thread(xiaoming,"小明").start();
        new Thread(xiaoming,"黄牛党").start();
        new Thread(xiaoming,"黄牛党").start();
        new Thread(xiaoming,"黄牛党").start();
        new Thread(xiaoming,"黄牛党").start();
        new Thread(xiaoming,"黄牛党").start();
        new Thread(xiaoming,"黄牛党").start();
        new Thread(xiaoming,"黄牛党").start();
        new Thread(xiaoming,"黄牛党").start();
        new Thread(xiaoming,"黄牛党").start();
        new Thread(xiaoming,"黄牛党").start();
        new Thread(xiaoming,"黄牛党").start();


    }
}

执行结果：

从执行结果来看，我们发现了一问题 由多个人拿到了火车票10 ，还有拿到了火车票-1的 这说明：多个线程操作同一个资源的情况下，会造成线程不安全，线程紊乱的问题，那么怎么去解决呢？