permutation 1
Time Limit: 2000/1000 MS (Java/Others) Memory Limit: 262144/262144 K (Java/Others)
Total Submission(s): 1055 Accepted Submission(s): 489
Problem Description
A sequence of length n is called a permutation if and only if it's composed of the first n positive integers and each number appears exactly once.
Here we define the "difference sequence" of a permutation p1,p2,…,pn as p2−p1,p3−p2,…,pn−pn−1. In other words, the length of the difference sequence is n−1 and the i-th term is pi+1−pi
Now, you are given two integers N,K. Please find the permutation with length N such that the difference sequence of which is the K-th lexicographically smallest among all difference sequences of all permutations of length N.
Input
The first line contains one integer T indicating that there are T tests.
Each test consists of two integers N,K in a single line.
* 1≤T≤40
* 2≤N≤20
* 1≤K≤min(104,N!)
Output
For each test, please output N integers in a single line. Those N integers represent a permutation of 1 to N, and its difference sequence is the K-th lexicographically smallest.
Sample Input
7
3 1
3 2
3 3
3 4
3 5
3 6
20 10000
Sample Output
3 1 2
3 2 1
2 1 3
2 3 1
1 2 3
1 3 2
20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 13 19 18 14 16 15 17 12
题目意思是:给定N和K; 原序列的数字为1~N,那么这N个数字就有 N! 种排列方式,排列的顺序是按照题目中的要求(差分序列在字典学上最小,依次排序)
然后输出第 k 个原序列.例如下图:(已经按照差分序列在字典学上按小到大排列)
题解AC代码:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;
#define ll long long
const int INF = 0x3f3f3f3f;
const int MOD = 1e9;
#include<cstdio>
#include<algorithm>
const int SIZE = 50;
int n, k;
int d[SIZE], use[SIZE];
//此搜索函式在填值时只填相对的值,到最后一步才决定每个位置真正的值
bool dfs(int id, int low, int hi) {
if(id == n) {
k--;
if(!k) {
for(int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
if(i != 0) printf(" ");
printf("%d", d[i] - low + 1);
}
puts("");
return 1;
}
return 0;
}
for(int i = hi - n + 1; i <= low + n - 1; i++) {
if(use[i]) continue;
use[i] = 1;
d[id] = i;
if(dfs(id + 1, min(low,i), max(hi,i))) {
use[i] = 0;
return 1;
}
use[i] = 0;
}
return 0;
}
int main() {
int T;
scanf("%d", &T);
while(T--) {
scanf("%d%d", &n, &k);
d[0] = n;
use[n] = 1;
dfs(1, n, n);
use[n] = 0;
}
return 0;
}