C语言期末课程设计-八-班级成绩管理系统

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要求

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一、代码

/*************************************************/
/* C语言期末报告第八题：学生成绩管理系系统          */
/* @BJXY   modify By XYJ  2022/5/18              */
/*************************************************/
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<string.h>
struct Student{   //每个学生对应一个结构体 
	char ID[20];//学号 
	char Name[10];//姓名 
	float Mark1;//语文成绩 
	float Mark2;//数学成绩 
	float Mark3;//英语成绩 
	float Mark4;//计算机成绩 
	float All; //总分 
	float Average;//平均成绩 
}students[1000];
int num=0; //计数器
void Copy(struct Student *arr,int i,int j)
{
	strcpy(arr[i].ID,arr[j].ID);
	strcpy(arr[i].Name,arr[j].Name);
	arr[i].Mark1 = arr[j].Mark1;
	arr[i].Mark2 = arr[j].Mark2;
	arr[i].Mark3 = arr[j].Mark3;
	arr[i].Mark4 = arr[j].Mark4;
	arr[i].All = arr[j].All;
	arr[i].Average = arr[j].Average;
}
int Student_SearchByName(char name[])//通过姓名来检索学生
{
     int i;
     for (i=0;i<num;i++)
     {
         if (strcmp(students[i].Name,name)==0)  //通过strcmp函数来对比学生姓名，找到返回在数组的位置 
         {
              return i;
       }
     }
     return -1;    //未找到返回 -1 
}
int Student_SearchByIndex(char id[])//通过学号来检索学生信息
{
     int i;
     for (i=0;i<num;i++)
     {
         if (strcmp(students[i].ID,id)==0)  //通过strcmp函数来对比学生id，找到返回位置 
         {
              return i;
         }  
     }
     return -1;   //未找到返回 -1 
}
void Student_DisplaySingle(int index)//输出表头
{
    printf("学号             姓名   语文   数学    英语    计算机    总成绩   平均成绩\n");
     printf("-------------------------------------------------------------\n");
     printf("%10s%10s%8.2f%8.2f%8.2f%8.2f%10.2f%10.2f\n",students[index].ID,students[index].Name,
              students[index].Mark1,students[index].Mark2,students[index].Mark3,students[index].Mark4,students[index].All,students[index].Average);
}
void input()//利用循环录入学生信息
{
     while(1)
     {
         printf("请输入学号:");
         scanf("%s",&students[num].ID);
         getchar();
         printf("请输入姓名:");
         scanf("%s",&students[num].Name);
         getchar();
         printf("请输入语文成绩:");
         scanf("%f",&students[num].Mark1);
         getchar();
         printf("请输入数学成绩:");
         scanf("%f",&students[num].Mark2);
         getchar();
         printf("请输入英语成绩:");
         scanf("%f",&students[num].Mark3);
         getchar();
         printf("请输入计算机成绩:");
         scanf("%f",&students[num].Mark4);   //依次输入各项数据 
         getchar();
         students[num].All=students[num].Mark1+students[num].Mark2+students[num].Mark3+students[num].Mark4;    //输完数据后自动计算总成绩与平均成绩 
         students[num].Average=(students[num].Mark1+students[num].Mark2+students[num].Mark3+students[num].Mark4)/4;
         if(Student_SearchByIndex(students[num].ID) == -1)
         {
         	num++;  //移向下一个位置
		 }
		 else
		 {
		 	printf("学号重复，输入数据无效 !!!\n");
		 }
		 
 		 printf("是否继续?(y/n)");
         if (getchar()=='n')
         {
              break;
         }
     }
}
void modify()//修改成绩
{   int x;  
    int pw=0;
      while(1)
	 {
      printf("请输入管理员密码：");
      scanf("%d",&pw);
      getchar();
      if(pw==123456){
      	  x=1;
	      break;
	  }
	  else
      { 
	     	printf("密码错误，是否继续?(y/n)");
	           if (getchar()=='n')
	           {    x=0;
	                break;
	           }
	         
      }
     }
     
	  while(x)
     {  
	    
	    
         char id[20];
         int index;
         printf("请输入要修改的学生的学号:");
         scanf("%s",&id);
         getchar();
         index=Student_SearchByIndex(id);  //调用搜查id函数，根据其返回值确定位置 
         if (index==-1)
         {
              printf("学生不存在!\n");
         }
         else
         {
              printf("你要修改的学生信息为:\n");
              Student_DisplaySingle(index);
              printf("-- 请输入新值--\n");
              printf("请输入学号:");
              scanf("%s",&students[index].ID);
              getchar();
              printf("请输入姓名:");
              scanf("%s",&students[index].Name);
              getchar();
              printf("请输入语文成绩:");
              scanf("%f",&students[index].Mark1);
 			  getchar();
              printf("请输入数学成绩:");
              scanf("%f",&students[index].Mark2);
              getchar();
              printf("请输入英语成绩:");
              scanf("%f",&students[index].Mark3);
              getchar();
              printf("请输入计算机成绩:");
              scanf("%f",&students[index].Mark4);  //重新录入一套新的数据替代 
              getchar();
              students[index].All=students[index].Mark1+students[index].Mark2+students[index].Mark3+students[index].Mark4;
        	  students[index].Average=(students[index].Mark1+students[index].Mark2+students[index].Mark3+students[index].Mark4)/4;   
         }
	     
	    
         printf("是否继续?(y/n)");
         if (getchar()=='n')
         {
              break;
         }
     }
}

void display()//打印已录入的学生信息
{
	 int a;
     printf("%10s%10s%8s%8s%8s%8s%10s%10s\n","学号","姓名","语文","数学","英语","计算机","总成绩","平均成绩");
     printf("-------------------------------------------------------------\n");
     for (a=0;a<num;a++)
     {
         printf("%10s%10s%8.2f%8.2f%8.2f%8.2f%10.2f%10.2f\n",students[a].ID,students[a].Name,
              students[a].Mark1,students[a].Mark2,students[a].Mark3,students[a].Mark4,students[a].All,students[a].Average);
     }
}

void search()//查询学生信息
{
	 while(1)
     {
         char name[20];
         int index;
         printf("请输入要查询的学生的姓名:");
         scanf("%s",&name);
         getchar();
         index=Student_SearchByName(name);   //调用搜查name函数，根据其返回值确定位置 
         if (index==-1)
         {
              printf("学生不存在!\n");
         }
         else
         {
              printf("你要查询的学生信息为:\n");
              Student_DisplaySingle(index);
         }
         printf("是否继续?(y/n)");
         if (getchar()=='n')
         {
              break;
         }
     }
}
void sort()//根据平均分排序
{
	 int i,j;

     for (i=0;i<num;i++)
     {
     	students[i].Average=(students[i].Mark1+students[i].Mark2+students[i].Mark3+students[i].Mark4)/4;
     }
     for (i=0;i<num;i++)
     {
         for (j=1;j<num-i;j++)
         {
              if (students[j-1].Average<students[j].Average)
              {
                  
				   Copy(students,num,j-1);
				   Copy(students,j-1,j);
				   Copy(students,j,num); 
				  
            }  
         }
     }
     int a;
     printf("学号             姓名   语文   数学    英语    计算机    总成绩   平均成绩\n");
     printf("-------------------------------------------------------------\n");
     for (a=0;a<num;a++)
     {
         printf("%10s%10s%8.2f%8.2f%8.2f%8.2f%10.2f%10.2f\n",students[a].ID,students[a].Name,
              students[a].Mark1,students[a].Mark2,students[a].Mark3,students[a].Mark4,students[a].All,students[a].Average);
     }
} 
 
 

 
void SearchHigh()//搜索成绩最高者输出 
{
	int a;
	int max ;
	max=students[0].Mark1;
	for(a=1;a<num;a++)
	{ 
		if(students[a].Mark1>max)
		max=students[a].Mark1;
	}
	for(a=0;a<num;a++)
	{ 
		if(max==students[a].Mark1)
		printf("     语文最高分为: %10s 学号： %10s 成绩：%8.2f\n",students[a].Name,students[a].ID,students[a].Mark1);
		printf("\n");
	}

	max=students[0].Mark2;
	for(a=1;a<num;a++)
	{ 
		if(students[a].Mark2>max)
		max=students[a].Mark2;
	}
	for(a=0;a<num;a++)
	{ 
		if(max==students[a].Mark2)
		printf("     数学最高分为: %10s 学号：%10s  成绩：%8.2f\n",students[a].Name,students[a].ID,students[a].Mark2);
		printf("\n");
	}
	

	max=students[0].Mark3;
	for(a=1;a<num;a++)
	{ 
		if(students[a].Mark3>max)
		max=students[a].Mark3;
	}
	for(a=0;a<num;a++)
	{ 
		if(max==students[a].Mark3)
		printf("     英语最高分为：%10s 学号：%10s  成绩：%8.2f\n",students[a].Name,students[a].ID,students[a].Mark3);
		printf("\n");
	}

	max=students[0].Mark4;
	for(a=1;a<num;a++)
	{ 
		if(students[a].Mark4>max)
		max=students[a].Mark4;
	}
	for(a=0;a<num;a++)
	{ 
		if(max==students[a].Mark4)
		printf("     计算机最高分为： %10s 学号：%10s  成绩：%8.2f\n",students[a].Name,students[a].ID,students[a].Mark4);
	}   printf("\n");
	 
}
void Save()
{
	FILE*fp = fopen("D:\\temp.txt","w+");
	fprintf(fp,"%d\n",num);
	for(int i = 0 ; i< num ;i++)
	{
		fprintf(fp,"%s %s %f %f %f %f %f %f\n",students[i].ID,students[i].Name,students[i].Mark1,students[i].Mark2,students[i].Mark3,students[i].Mark4,students[i].All,students[i].Average);
	}
	fclose(fp);
}
void Eachaverage()
{  
    float A,B,C,D;
    float a=0,b=0,c=0,d=0;
	for(int i=0;i<num;i++)
	{
	   a+=students[i].Mark1;
	   b+=students[i].Mark2;
	   c+=students[i].Mark3;
	   d+=students[i].Mark4;
	}
	A=a/(num);
	B=b/(num);
	C=c/(num);
	D=d/(num); 
	printf("语文平均成绩：%.2f\n",A);
	printf("数学平均成绩：%.2f\n",B);
	printf("英语平均成绩：%.2f\n",C);
	printf("计算机平均成绩：%.2f\n",D);

  
     
}
void Beyondaverage()
{       int t=0,z=0,n=0,m=0;
    	float A,B,C,D;
	    float a=0,b=0,c=0,d=0;
		for(int i=0;i<num;i++)
		{
		   a+=students[i].Mark1;
		   b+=students[i].Mark2;
		   c+=students[i].Mark3;
		   d+=students[i].Mark4;
		}
		A=a/(num);  //语文平均分 
		B=b/(num);  //数学平均分 
		C=c/(num);  //英语平均分 
		D=d/(num);  //计算机平均分 
		for(int x=0;x<num;x++)
		{
			if(students[x].Mark1>A)
			 ++t;
		    if(students[x].Mark2>B)
		     ++z;
		    if(students[x].Mark3>C)
			 ++n;
		    if(students[x].Mark4>D)
		 	 ++m;
		}
		printf("超过语文平均成绩的人数：%d\n",t);
		printf("超过数学平均成绩的人数：%d\n",z);
		printf("超过英语平均成绩的人数：%d\n",n);
		printf("超过计算机平均成绩的人数：%d\n",m);
	
	system("pause");
}
void TestRS()
{  
   
	         printf("\t\t\t\t\t-------- 成绩统计-------\n\n\n\n");     //菜单 
	         printf("\t\t\t\t\t1. 每门课最高成绩\n\n");
	         printf("\t\t\t\t\t2. 每门课平均成绩\n\n");
	         printf("\t\t\t\t\t3. 每门课超过平均成绩人数\n\n");
	    int i=0;
	    while(1)
	   {
	    printf("\n选择功能："); 
	    scanf("%d",&i);  
	    getchar();
	    printf("\n");
	    
		if(i==1)
	    SearchHigh();
	    else if(i==2)
	    Eachaverage();
	    else if(i==3)
	    Beyondaverage();
	    printf("是否需要继续查询?(y/n)");
		         if (getchar()=='n')
		         {
		              break;
		         }
		}		
    }
	   

        
        
void Load()
{
	FILE*fp = fopen("D:\\temp.txt","r");
	fscanf(fp,"%d",&num);
	for(int i = 0 ; i< num ;i++)
	{
		fscanf(fp,"%s %s %f %f %f %f %f %f\n",students[i].ID,students[i].Name,&students[i].Mark1,&students[i].Mark2,&students[i].Mark3,&students[i].Mark4,&students[i].All,&students[i].Average);
	}
	fclose(fp);
} 
/*主程序*/
int main(){
	int i; 
	while(1){
		 Load();
		 printf("\t\t\t\t\t-------- 学生成绩管理系统-------\n\n\n\n");     //菜单 
         printf("\t\t\t\t\t1. 成绩录入\n\n");
         printf("\t\t\t\t\t2. 成绩显示\n\n");
         printf("\t\t\t\t\t3. 成绩保存\n\n");
         printf("\t\t\t\t\t4. 成绩排序\n\n");
         printf("\t\t\t\t\t5. 成绩修改\n\n");
         printf("\t\t\t\t\t6. 成绩统计\n\n");
         printf("\t\t\t\t\t0. 退出\n\n\n");
         printf("请选择(0-6):");
 		 scanf("%d",&i);
			switch(i){
		 case 1:input();break;
		 case 2:display();break;
	 	 case 3:Save();break;                               
	     case 4:sort();break;                                
	 	 case 5:modify();break; 
		 case 6:TestRS();break;                               
		
		
		 case 0:exit(0);
	
	}
	Save();
}
	 return 0; 
} 

总结

代码思路整体较为简单，涉及内容有结构体，文件，冒泡算法等…