ffmpeg 实现初步视频编码

参考资料

编解码API详解（这个博主写的还挺多，有时间可以看看）
https://www.cnblogs.com/leisure_chn/p/10584925.html

官网demo
http://ffmpeg.org/doxygen/trunk/encode__video_8c_source.html

直接上代码吧

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <libavcodec/avcodec.h>
#include <libavutil/opt.h>
#include <libavutil/imgutils.h>
static void encode(AVCodecContext *enc_ctx, AVFrame *frame, AVPacket *pkt,
                   FILE *outfile)
 {
     int ret;

     /* send the frame to the encoder */
     if (frame)
        printf("Send frame %3"PRId64"\n", frame->pts);

//Supply raw packet data as input to a decoder.
    ret = avcodec_send_frame(enc_ctx, frame);
     if (ret < 0) {
         fprintf(stderr, "Error sending a frame for encoding\n");
         exit(1);
     }

    while (ret >= 0) {
        //Return decoded output data from a decoder
         ret = avcodec_receive_packet(enc_ctx, pkt);
         if (ret == AVERROR(EAGAIN) || ret == AVERROR_EOF)
             return;
         else if (ret < 0)
         {
             fprintf(stderr, "Error during encoding\n");
             exit(1);
         }

         printf("Write packet %3"PRId64" (size=%5d)\n", pkt->pts, pkt->size);
         fwrite(pkt->data, 1, pkt->size, outfile);
         av_packet_unref(pkt);
        }
 }
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    const char *filename, *codec_name;
    const AVCodec *codec;
    AVCodecContext *c= NULL;
    int i, ret, x, y, got_output;
    FILE *f;
    AVFrame *frame;
    AVPacket pkt;
    uint8_t endcode[] = { 0, 0, 1, 0xb7 };

    if (argc <= 2) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s <output file> <codec name>\n", argv[0]);
        exit(0);
    }
    filename = argv[1];
    codec_name = argv[2];

    avcodec_register_all();

    /* find the mpeg1video encoder */
    codec = avcodec_find_encoder_by_name(codec_name);
    if (!codec) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Codec not found\n");
        exit(1);
    }
    printf("11111\n");
    c=avcodec_alloc_context3(codec);
    if (!c)
    {
        fprintf(stderr, "Could not allocate video codec context\n");
        exit(1);
    }

    /* put sample parameters */
    c->bit_rate = 400000;
    /* resolution must be a multiple of two */
    c->width = 352;
    c->height = 288;
    /* frames per second */
    c->time_base = (AVRational){1, 25};
    c->framerate = (AVRational){25, 1};
    c->gop_size = 10;
    c->max_b_frames = 1;
    c->pix_fmt = AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P;

    if (codec->id == AV_CODEC_ID_H264)
    {
        av_opt_set(c->priv_data, "preset", "slow", 0);
    }

    //Initialize the AVCodecContext to use the given AVCodec
    if(avcodec_open2(c,codec,NULL)<0)
    {
        fprintf(stderr, "Could not open codec\n");
        exit(1);
    }
    f = fopen(filename, "wb");
    if (!f) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Could not open %s\n", filename);
        exit(1);
    }

    frame = av_frame_alloc();
    if (!frame)
    {
        fprintf(stderr, "Could not allocate video frame\n");
        exit(1);
    }

    frame->format = c->pix_fmt;
    frame->width  = c->width;
    frame->height = c->height;

    //This function will fill AVFrame.data and AVFrame.buf arrays and, if necessary
    ret=av_frame_get_buffer(frame,0);
    if (ret < 0)
    {
        fprintf(stderr, "Could not allocate the video frame data\n");
        exit(1);
    }

    for (int i = 0; i < 250; ++i) {
        av_init_packet(&pkt);
        pkt.data = NULL;// packet data will be allocated by the encoder
        pkt.size = 0;

        ret = av_frame_make_writable(frame);
        if (ret < 0) {
            exit(1);
        }

        /* prepare a dummy image */
        /* Y */
        for (y = 0; y < c->height; y++) {
            for (x = 0; x < c->width; x++) {
                frame->data[0][y * frame->linesize[0] + x] = x + y + i * 3;
            }
        }

        /* Cb and Cr */
        for (y = 0; y < c->height / 2; y++) {
            for (x = 0; x < c->width / 2; x++) {
                frame->data[1][y * frame->linesize[1] + x] = 128 + y + i * 2;
                frame->data[2][y * frame->linesize[2] + x] = 64 + x + i * 5;
            }
        }

        frame->pts = i;
        encode(c, frame, &pkt, f);
    }

    encode(c, NULL, &pkt, f);

    if (codec->id == AV_CODEC_ID_MPEG1VIDEO || codec->id == AV_CODEC_ID_MPEG2VIDEO)
    {
        fwrite(endcode, 1, sizeof(endcode), f);
    }
    
    fclose(f);
    avcodec_free_context(&c);
    av_frame_free(&frame);
    av_packet_free(&pkt);

    return 0;
}

这里弄了点颜色编码，没有用摄像头采集的图像