第二课：ASP.NET Core入门之简单快速搭建ASP.NET Core 3.1项目

置顶 agoling

已于 2022-06-23 16:48:16 修改

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分类专栏： ASP.NET Core入门文章标签： c# asp.net 如何搭建.Net core .net core 快速搭建Asp.Net

于 2020-05-26 18:09:40 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/agoling/article/details/106356167

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一、第一课时创建的项目结构回顾下

下面开始详细讲解创建过程

二、创建Application.Contracts和Dnc.Application.Contracts项目

1、先分别创建应用层Dnc.Application和接口层Dnc.Application.Contracts ,框架选用.net standard2.0版本

三、搭建Dnc.Application.Contracts

1、接口层Dnc.Application.Contracts Nuget 搜索UtilsSharp工具类并安装

2、Dnc.Application.Contracts 新建Logins和Users功能服务文件夹和对应的DTOs文件夹，并分别创建接口和Dto出入参

3、IRecordAppService和IUserAppService定义好接口，并分别实现IUnitOfWorkDependency接口，绑定依赖注入关系

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using UtilsSharp.Dependency;
using UtilsSharp.Standard;

namespace Dnc.Application.Contracts.Logins
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 登入记录服务
    /// </summary>
    public interface IRecordAppService: IUnitOfWorkDependency
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 获取记录条数
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        ValueTask<BaseResult<int>> GetRecordAsync();
    }
}

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Dnc.Application.Contracts.Users.DTOs;
using UtilsSharp.Dependency;
using UtilsSharp.Standard;

namespace Dnc.Application.Contracts.Users
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 用户信息服务
    /// </summary>
    public interface IUserAppService : IUnitOfWorkDependency
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 获取用户信息
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        ValueTask<BaseResult<UserResponse>> GetAsync();
    }
}

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;

namespace Dnc.Application.Contracts.Users.DTOs
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 用户信息
    /// </summary>
    public class UserResponse
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 用户名
        /// </summary>
        public string UserName { set; get; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 手机号
        /// </summary>
        public string Mobile { set; get; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 年龄
        /// </summary>
        public int Age { set; get; }
    }
}

四、搭建Dnc.Application

1、项目引用Dnc.Application.Contracts项目

2、Dnc.Application 新建Logins和Users功能服务文件夹，并分别创建RecordAppService.cs和UserAppService.cs

3、RecordAppService实现IRecordAppService接口

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Dnc.Application.Contracts.Logins;
using UtilsSharp.Standard;

namespace Dnc.Application.Logins
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 登录记录服务
    /// </summary>
    public class RecordAppService: IRecordAppService
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 获取登录记录条数
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public async ValueTask<BaseResult<int>> GetRecordAsync()
        {

            var result=new BaseResult<int>();
            //查数据库
            //if (false)
            //{
            //    result.SetError("无法连接数据库",8000);
            //    return result;
            //}
            await Task.Delay(1000);//模拟执行了1秒
            result.Result = 101;
            return result;
        }
    }
}

4、UserAppService实现IUserAppService接口，并且引用登入记录IRecordAppService

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Dnc.Application.Contracts.Logins;
using Dnc.Application.Contracts.Users;
using Dnc.Application.Contracts.Users.DTOs;
using UtilsSharp.Standard;

namespace Dnc.Application.Users
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 用户信息服务
    /// </summary>
    public class UserAppService: IUserAppService
    {
        private readonly IRecordAppService _recordAppService;

        public UserAppService(IRecordAppService recordAppService)
        {
            _recordAppService = recordAppService;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 获取用户信息
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public async ValueTask<BaseResult<UserResponse>> GetAsync()
        {
            var result=new BaseResult<UserResponse>();
            //查询数据库.....
            //if (false)
            //{
            //    result.SetError("未查询到该条记录");
            //    return result;
            //}
            await Task.Delay(1000);//模拟执行1秒
            var r = await _recordAppService.GetRecordAsync();
            if (r.Code != 200)
            {
                result.SetError(r.Msg,r.Code);
                return result;
            }
            result.Result = new UserResponse { UserName = "Agoling", Mobile = "136xxxxxxxx", Age = 10, LoginCount = r.Result};
            return result;
        }
    }
}

五、搭建DncHost

1、打开vs2019，创建.net core新项目：

2、为了方便好记，我们的项目名称就叫Dnc,意思是Dot Net Core 的首写字母，大家可以根据自己的业务取名称，然后选择好项目要放置的路径。

3、选择好项目框架，创建空的Asp.NET Core 应用程序的空项目模板，大家也可以选择API和Web应用程序（根据项目需求，是前后端分离开接口还是做页面），选择“空”主要是为了不去下载一些没必要的东西，我这边是创建WebApi应用程序。

4、DncHost下面Nuget搜索 UtilsSharp.AspNetCore 最新版本2.1.1，安装

5、配置Program.cs

6、配置Startup.cs

①默认的程序

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.HttpsPolicy;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace DncHost
{
    public class Startup
    {
        public Startup(IConfiguration configuration)
        {
            Configuration = configuration;
        }

        public IConfiguration Configuration { get; }

        // This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to add services to the container.
        public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            services.AddControllers();
        }

        // This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to configure the HTTP request pipeline.
        public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IWebHostEnvironment env)
        {
            if (env.IsDevelopment())
            {
                app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
            }

            app.UseHttpsRedirection();

            app.UseRouting();

            app.UseAuthorization();

            app.UseEndpoints(endpoints =>
            {
                endpoints.MapControllers();
            });
        }
    }
}

②配置后

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.HttpsPolicy;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Autofac;
using UtilsSharp.AspNetCore;
using UtilsSharp.AspNetCore.Interceptor;
using UtilsSharp.AspNetCore.Swagger;

namespace DncHost
{
    public class Startup:AutofacStartup
    {
        public Startup(IConfiguration configuration)
        {
            Configuration = configuration;
        }

        public IConfiguration Configuration { get; }

        // This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to add services to the container.
        public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            //添加控制器服务
            services.AddControllers();
            //添加swagger扩展服务,如果参数不填则用默认的swagger配置
            AspNetCoreExtensionsConfig.SwaggerDocOptions = new SwaggerDocOptions
            {
                Enable = true,
                ProjectName = "Dnc项目",
                ProjectDescription = "Dnc项目接口",
                Groups = new List<SwaggerGroup>
                {
                    new SwaggerGroup() {GroupName = "Users", Title = "Users接口", Version = "v1.0"},
                    new SwaggerGroup() {GroupName = "Logins", Title = "Logins接口", Version = "v1.0"}
                }
            };
            //添加AspNetCore扩展
            services.AddAspNetCoreExtensions();
        }

        // This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to configure the HTTP request pipeline.
        public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IWebHostEnvironment env)
        {
            if (env.IsDevelopment())
            {
                app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
            }
            app.UseRouting();
            //注册扩展
            app.UseAspNetCoreExtensions();

            app.UseEndpoints(endpoints =>
            {
                endpoints.MapControllers();
            });
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 依赖注入映射
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="builder"></param>
        public override void ConfigureContainer(ContainerBuilder builder)
        {
            Init<AsyncInterceptor<LoggerAsyncInterceptor>>(builder);
            //Init(builder);//无aop拦截
            //Init<LoggerInterceptor>(builder);//仅支持同步的拦截 
        }
    }
}

Init(builder) 是无Aop拦截，Init<AsyncInterceptor<LoggerAsyncInterceptor>>(builder)是Aop Exception错误日志拦截。会try catch切面收集Service里面的日志。至于AOP是什么大家可以自行百度了解。关于Castle DynamicProxy异步拦截框架，感兴趣的可以看这篇文章：Castle DynamicProxy异步拦截框架

7、大项目都是分功能模块的，所以我们创建个Area，对项目各个功能进行分块

8、分别添加RecordController和UserController两个控制器

9、DncHost项目引用Dnc.Application和Dnc.Application.Contracts项目，控制器调用业务层获取数据，配置好路由和功能模块

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Dnc.Application.Contracts.Logins;
using UtilsSharp.AspNetCore.MVC;
using UtilsSharp.Standard;

namespace DncHost.Areas.Logins.Controllers
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 登入记录控制器
    /// </summary>
    [ApiExplorerSettings(GroupName = "Logins")]
    [Area("Logins")]
    public class RecordController : BaseAreaController
    {
        private readonly IRecordAppService _recordAppService;

        public RecordController(IRecordAppService recordAppService)
        {
            _recordAppService = recordAppService;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 获取记录
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        [HttpPost]
        public async ValueTask<BaseResult<int>> GetRecord()
        {
            return await _recordAppService.GetRecordAsync();
        }
    }
}

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Dnc.Application.Contracts.Users;
using Dnc.Application.Contracts.Users.DTOs;
using UtilsSharp.AspNetCore.MVC;
using UtilsSharp.Standard;

namespace DncHost.Areas.Users.Controllers
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 用户控制器
    /// </summary>
    [ApiExplorerSettings(GroupName = "Users")]
    [Area("Users")]
    public class UserController : BaseAreaController
    {
        private readonly IUserAppService _userAppService;

        public UserController(IUserAppService userAppService)
        {
            _userAppService = userAppService;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 获取用户信息
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        [HttpPost]
        public async ValueTask<BaseResult<UserResponse>> Get()
        {
           return await _userAppService.GetAsync();
        }
    }
}

10、移除一些自带的程序，包含Controllers里面的WeatherForecastController

11、修改默认启动

12、把DncHost设为启动项目

13、启动项目，即可看到项目swagger接口

注意：若swagger配置是写在appsettings.json里面，有中文内容的话，页面会出现中文乱码，把appsettings.json 改为utf-8格式即可：

14、由于没有注释，所以大家可以按下面的方法，即可显示出注释。DncHost右键属性->XML文档文件打勾

15、测试数据

16、添加日志，Log.Application添加nuget包UtilsSharp.Logger

17、UtilsSharp.Logger安装完成后就可以写日志了

18、DncHost引用UtilsSharp.Logger.Config日志配置包

19、日志有两种写入方式，一种是接口方式，另一种是文件方式，配置已经都配置好了

20、运行下接口试下，日志就产生了

21、以上是先简单模拟数据走通依赖注入和swagger功能，数据库、Redis、RabbitMq这块的使用后面再单独讲

本项目源代码：https://github.com/agoling/dnc

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第二课：ASP.NET Core入门之简单快速搭建ASP.NET Core 3.1项目

一、说明：本文是教大家如何快速搭建一个.net core 项目。为了快速和简单，本项目采用UtilsSharp框架搭建，只需要简单配置就可以马上搭建完成。项目采用简单三层思想，框架采用.net core 3.1，数据库采用mysql+ElasticSearch，大家可以根据自己的项目需求选择删减，包含依赖注入(autofac)、日志输出、数据库处理、出入参规范、swagger、公共工具类等。废话不多说，开始吧！......
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