类,不仅会产生默认构造函数、复制构造函数、析构函数,还会产生默认赋值函数。其形式如:T& operator=(const T& t);
事例如下:
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class Complex{
public:
// double real, imag;
Complex(int i)
{
cout << "IntConstructor called" << endl;
real = i; imag = 0;
}
Complex(double r, double i)
{
real = r; imag = i;
}
void display()
{
cout << real << "," << imag << endl;
}
Complex(Complex& _c){
cout << "CopyConstructor called" << endl;
}
//Complex& operator=(const Complex& r)
//{
// real = r.real; imag = r.imag;
// cout << "Assign function called" << endl;
// return *this;
//}
private:
double real, imag;
};
int main()
{
Complex c1(7, 8);
Complex c2 = 12;
Complex c3 = c2;
c3 = c1;
c1 = 9;
c1.display();
c3.display();
c3 = c1;
c3.display();
// cout << c1.real << "," << c1.imag << endl;
return 0;
}
结果:
可以自行编写复制函数。
T& operator=(const T& t);
其中const限定符不能去掉,否者就无法使用隐式类型转换【1】,因为不能将一个临时对象传给一个非常量引用,编译器会报错。
参考文献:
【1】参见 C++Primer 第五版英文版294p. &7.5.4 "Implicit Class-Type conversions".