http://wangxinghe.me/blog/2015-02-02/android-FragmentPagerAdapter-FragmentStatePagerAdapter/
一、FragmentPagerAdapter
适合于 Fragment
数量不多的情况。当某个页面不可见时,该页面对应的View可能会被销毁,但是所有的Fragment都会一直存在于内存中。
如果Fragment需要保存的状态较多时,会导致占用内存较大,因此对于Fragment数量较多的情况,建议使用FragmentStatePagerAdapter。
当使用FragmentPagerAdapter时,ViewPager
必须有有效id。
@Override
public Object instantiateItem(ViewGroup container, int position) {
if (mCurTransaction == null) {
mCurTransaction = mFragmentManager.beginTransaction();
}
final long itemId = getItemId(position);
// Do we already have this fragment?
String name = makeFragmentName(container.getId(), itemId);
Fragment fragment = mFragmentManager.findFragmentByTag(name);
if (fragment != null) {
if (DEBUG) Log.v(TAG, "Attaching item #" + itemId + ": f=" + fragment);
mCurTransaction.attach(fragment);
} else {
fragment = getItem(position);
if (DEBUG) Log.v(TAG, "Adding item #" + itemId + ": f=" + fragment);
mCurTransaction.add(container.getId(), fragment,
makeFragmentName(container.getId(), itemId));
}
if (fragment != mCurrentPrimaryItem) {
fragment.setMenuVisibility(false);
fragment.setUserVisibleHint(false);
}
return fragment;
}
@Override
public void destroyItem(ViewGroup container, int position, Object object) {
if (mCurTransaction == null) {
mCurTransaction = mFragmentManager.beginTransaction();
}
if (DEBUG) Log.v(TAG, "Detaching item #" + getItemId(position) + ": f=" + object
+ " v=" + ((Fragment)object).getView());
mCurTransaction.detach((Fragment)object);
}
private static String makeFragmentName(int viewId, long id) {
return "android:switcher:" + viewId + ":" + id;
}
通过源码,可以看出FragmentPagerAdapter填充每一个页面的流程:
(1)根据containerId和position得到fragment的tag
(2)FragmentManager根据tag查找对应的Fragment,若存在则直接attach
(3)若不存在,则调用getItem(position),并设置tag,调用add方法添加
结论:
(1) FragmentPagerAdapter中Fragment的tag 为”android:switcher:” + viewId + “:” + id;
(2) getItem(position)中new Fragment(),并且不需要设置 tag,Fragment.instantiate()即可
二、FragmentStatePagerAdapter
适合于Fragment数量较多的情况。当页面不可见时, 对应的Fragment实例可能会被销毁,但是Fragment的状态会被保存。
因此每个Fragment占用的内存会更少,但是页面切换会引起较大开销。
当使用FragmentStatePagerAdapter时,ViewPager必须有有效id。
@Override
public Object instantiateItem(ViewGroup container, int position) {
// If we already have this item instantiated, there is nothing
// to do. This can happen when we are restoring the entire pager
// from its saved state, where the fragment manager has already
// taken care of restoring the fragments we previously had instantiated.
if (mFragments.size() > position) {
Fragment f = mFragments.get(position);
if (f != null) {
return f;
}
}
if (mCurTransaction == null) {
mCurTransaction = mFragmentManager.beginTransaction();
}
Fragment fragment = getItem(position);
if (DEBUG) Log.v(TAG, "Adding item #" + position + ": f=" + fragment);
if (mSavedState.size() > position) {
Fragment.SavedState fss = mSavedState.get(position);
if (fss != null) {
fragment.setInitialSavedState(fss);
}
}
while (mFragments.size() <= position) {
mFragments.add(null);
}
fragment.setMenuVisibility(false);
fragment.setUserVisibleHint(false);
mFragments.set(position, fragment);
mCurTransaction.add(container.getId(), fragment);
return fragment;
}
@Override
public void destroyItem(ViewGroup container, int position, Object object) {
Fragment fragment = (Fragment)object;
if (mCurTransaction == null) {
mCurTransaction = mFragmentManager.beginTransaction();
}
if (DEBUG) Log.v(TAG, "Removing item #" + position + ": f=" + object
+ " v=" + ((Fragment)object).getView());
while (mSavedState.size() <= position) {
mSavedState.add(null);
}
mSavedState.set(position, mFragmentManager.saveFragmentInstanceState(fragment));
mFragments.set(position, null);
mCurTransaction.remove(fragment);
}
根据源码,FragmentStatePagerAdapter填充每一个页面的流程:
(1)先试着找mFragments的list中index为position是否有Fragment,若有则直接返回;
(2)若没有则调用getItem(position)实例化Fragment并设置初始状态,调用add
销毁流程:
(1)保存 Fragment对应的状态 (2)remove Fragment
结论:
(1)Fragment没有指定格式的tag
(2)FragmentStatePagerAdapter会保持和恢复 Fragment的状态