package cd_one.code12.exer9;
import java.awt.*;
//实现线程安全的懒汉式
public class BankTest {
static Bank b1 = null;
static Bank b2 = null;
public static void main(String[] args) {
Thread t1 = new Thread(){
@Override
public void run() {
b1 = Bank.getInstance();
}
};
Thread t2 = new Thread(){
@Override
public void run() {
b2 = Bank.getInstance();
}
};
t1.start();
t2.start();
try {
t1.join();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
try {
t2.join();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println(b1);
System.out.println(b2);
System.out.println(b1 == b2);
}
}
class Bank{
private Bank(){}
private static volatile Bank instance = null;
//线程安全的第一种方式
// public static synchronized Bank getInstance() { //当前类本身,默认为Bank.class
// if(instance == null){
// try {
// Thread.sleep(1000);
// } catch (InterruptedException e) {
// e.printStackTrace();
// }
// instance = new Bank();
// }
// return instance;
// }
//线程安全的第2种方式
// public static Bank getInstance(){
// synchronized (Bank.class){
// if(instance == null){
// try {
// Thread.sleep(1000);
// } catch (InterruptedException e) {
// e.printStackTrace();
// }
// instance = new Bank();
// }
//
// }return instance;
// }
//线程安全的第3种方式:相较于1,和2,效率更高,为了避免出现指令重排,需要将instance声明为volatile
public static Bank getInstance(){
if(instance == null) {
synchronized (Bank.class) {
if (instance == null) {
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
instance = new Bank();
}
}
}
return instance;
}
}
运行结果
cd_one.code12.exer9.Bank@880ec60
cd_one.code12.exer9.Bank@880ec60
true
线程不安全的例子
结果
package cd_one.code12.exer10;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;
class Window extends Thread{
static int ticket = 100;
// 1、创建lock的实例,需要确保多个线程共用同一个Lock实例!需要考虑将此对象声明为static final
private static final ReentrantLock lock = new ReentrantLock();
@Override
public void run() {
while(true){
synchronized (Window.class){
try{
lock.lock();//锁定对共享资源的调用
if(ticket > 0){
try {
Thread.sleep(10);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "售票,票号为:" + ticket);
ticket--;
}else{
break;
}
}finally {
// 3.unlock()的调用,释放对共享数据的锁定
lock.unlock();
}
}
}
}
}
public class LockTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Window w1 = new Window();
Window w2 = new Window();
Window w3 = new Window();
w1.setName("窗口1");
w2.setName("窗口2");
w3.setName("窗口3");
w1.start();
w2.start();
w3.start();
}
}
窗口3售票,票号为:76
窗口2售票,票号为:75
窗口3售票,票号为:74
窗口3售票,票号为:73
窗口1售票,票号为:72
窗口1售票,票号为:71
窗口1售票,票号为:70
窗口1售票,票号为:69
窗口3售票,票号为:68
窗口2售票,票号为:67
窗口3售票,票号为:66
窗口3售票,票号为:65
窗口3售票,票号为:64
窗口1售票,票号为:63
窗口1售票,票号为:62
窗口3售票,票号为:61
窗口3售票,票号为:60
窗口2售票,票号为:59
窗口2售票,票号为:58
窗口2售票,票号为:57
窗口2售票,票号为:56
窗口2售票,票号为:55
窗口3售票,票号为:54
窗口1售票,票号为:53
窗口3售票,票号为:52
窗口3售票,票号为:51
窗口3售票,票号为:50
窗口2售票,票号为:49
窗口3售票,票号为:48
窗口1售票,票号为:47
窗口1售票,票号为:46
窗口3售票,票号为:45
窗口3售票,票号为:44
窗口2售票,票号为:43
窗口3售票,票号为:42
窗口3售票,票号为:41
窗口3售票,票号为:40
窗口3售票,票号为:39
窗口3售票,票号为:38
窗口3售票,票号为:37
窗口3售票,票号为:36
窗口3售票,票号为:35
窗口3售票,票号为:34
窗口3售票,票号为:33
窗口3售票,票号为:32
窗口3售票,票号为:31
窗口3售票,票号为:30
窗口1售票,票号为:29
窗口3售票,票号为:28
窗口2售票,票号为:27
窗口2售票,票号为:26
窗口2售票,票号为:25
窗口2售票,票号为:24
窗口3售票,票号为:23
窗口1售票,票号为:22
窗口1售票,票号为:21
窗口1售票,票号为:20
窗口1售票,票号为:19
窗口3售票,票号为:18
窗口3售票,票号为:17
窗口2售票,票号为:16
窗口2售票,票号为:15
窗口2售票,票号为:14
窗口2售票,票号为:13
窗口2售票,票号为:12
窗口3售票,票号为:11
窗口1售票,票号为:10
窗口1售票,票号为:9
窗口1售票,票号为:8
窗口1售票,票号为:7
窗口3售票,票号为:6
窗口3售票,票号为:5
窗口3售票,票号为:4
窗口3售票,票号为:3
窗口3售票,票号为:2
窗口2售票,票号为:1
运行结果如上