vscode配置C++环境

1. 安装vscode

1.1. 应用商店安装

我的是联想的，直接进入联想应用商店，搜索vscode安装即可

1.2. 官网安装

• 进入vscode官网安装合适的版本：https://code.visualstudio.com/
  
• 下载完成后，双击下载下来的exe程序，一路同意过去即可，最好全部都勾选上
  

2. 安装编译器MinGW-w64

MinGW-w64下载路径：https://nuwen.net/files/mingw/mingw-18.0-without-git.exe
下载完成后双击exe程序，傻瓜式安装

3. 设置系统环境变量

1. vscode在安装的时候需要勾选“添加到PATH（重启后生效）”，不需要额外设置系统环境变量
2. MinGW设置：右键“此电脑”——“属性”——“高级系统设置”——“环境变量”——找到“用户变量”中的“Path”条目——“编辑”——“新建”——将MinGW-w64下载路径复制到新条目中(一定要写到bin文件夹)——完成
   
3. 检验：Win+R，弹出的运行中输入cmd，在cmd界面输入以下命令，出现对应版本号则设置成功
   

4. 配置vscode里的环境

4.1. 安装插件

在Extension，即黄色框圈出来处，下载两个必要的插件C/C++, Code Runner

4.2. .vscode中.json文件的配置

文件目录结构如图：

1. 按下快捷键shift+ctrl+p，展示全局命令面板，搜索找到C/C++ Edit Configurations(JSON)，会在.vscode下自动生成一个c_cpp_properties.json文件

{
    "configurations": [
        {
            "name": "Win32",
            "includePath": [
                "${workspaceFolder}/**",
            ],
            "defines": [
                "_DEBUG",
                "UNICODE",
                "_UNICODE"
            ],
            "compilerPath": "D:\\Users\\lenovo\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\MinGW\\bin\\g++.exe",
            "cStandard": "c11",
            "cppStandard": "c++17",
            "intelliSenseMode": "gcc-x64"
        }
    ],
    "version": 4
}

2. tasks.json

{
    "version": "2.0.0",
    "tasks": [
        {
            "type": "shell",
            "label": "g++.exe build active file",
            "command": "D:\\Users\\lenovo\\AppData\\local\\Programs\\MinGW\\bin\\g++.exe",
            "args": [
                "-g",
                "${file}",
                "${workspaceFolder}/src/*.cpp",
                "-o",
                "${fileDirname}\\${file}.exe",
            ],
            "options": {
                "cwd": "D:\\Users\\lenovo\\AppData\\local\\Programs\\MinGW\\bin"
            },
            "problemMatcher": [
                "$gcc"
            ],
            "group": "build"
        },
        {
            "type": "cppbuild",
            "label": "C/C++: g++.exe build active file",
            "command": "D:\\Users\\lenovo\\AppData\\local\\Programs\\MinGW\\bin\\g++.exe",
            "args": [
                "-g",
                "${file}",
                "-o",
                "${fileDirname}\\${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe"
            ],
            "options": {
                "cwd": "D:\\Users\\lenovo\\AppData\\local\\Programs\\MinGW\\bin"
            },
            "problemMatcher": [
                "$gcc"
            ],
            "group": {
                "kind": "build",
                "isDefault": true
            },
            "detail": "Task generated by Debugger."
        }
    ]
}

3. launch.json

{
    "version": "0.2.0",
    "configurations": [
        {
            "name": "(Windows) Launch",
            "type": "cppvsdbg",
            "request": "launch",
            "program": "cmd",
            "args": [
                "/C",
                "${fileDirname}\\${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe",
                "&",
                "pause"
            ],
            "stopAtEntry": false,
            "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}",
            "environment": [],
            "externalConsole": true
        },
        {
            "name": "g++.exe",
            "type": "cppdbg",
            "request": "launch",
            "program": "${fileDirname}\\${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe",
            "args": [],
            "stopAtEntry": false,
            "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}",
            "environment": [],
            "externalConsole": true,
            "MIMode": "gdb",
            "miDebuggerPath": "D:/Users/lenovo/AppData/Local/Programs/MinGW/bin/gdb.exe",
            "setupCommands": [
                {
                    "description": "Enable pretty-printing for gdb",
                    "text": "-enable-pretty-printing",
                    "ignoreFailures": true
                }
            ],
            "preLaunchTask": "g++.exe build active file"
        }
    ]
}

5. 运行测试

5.1. 编写cpp程序

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
    cout << "hello world" << endl;
}

5.2. 编译生成可执行文件

1. 在terminal中输入命令：g++ -g .\scr\Main.cpp -o .\scr\Main.exe，可以看到对应目录下生成的可执行文件
2. 在vscode右上角选择Run C/C++ File或Debug C/C++ File，会生成并执行exe文件
   

5.3. 执行可执行文件