Linux实现UDP连接

udp是无连接不可靠的IP协议，和tcp有所不同。 
udp服务器调用socket()，bind()，listen()完成套接字初始化后，调用accept()阻塞等待处于监听端口的状态。 
udp客户端调用socket()初始化后，调用connect()发送SYN字段并阻塞等待应答。 
客户端如果一直与服务端连接，服务端退出后重启时，端口号已被占用，和tcp一直，具有TIME_WAIT特性。 
代码如下： 
udp_server.c

  1 #include<stdio.h>
  2 #include<sys/types.h>
  3 #include<stdlib.h>
  4 #include<string.h>
  5 #include<sys/socket.h>
  6 #include<netinet/in.h>
  7 #include<arpa/inet.h>
  8 #include<fcntl.h>
  9 static void usage(const char*proc)
 10 {
 11     printf("Usage:%s [local_ip] [local_port]\n",proc);
 12 }
 13 int main(int argc,char*argv[])
 14 {
 15     if(argc!=3)
 16     {
 17         usage(argv[0]);
 18         return 1;
 19     }
 20     int sock=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM,0);
 21     if(sock<0)
 22     {
 23         perror("socket");
 24         return 2;
 25     }
 26 
 27     struct sockaddr_in local;
 28     local.sin_family=AF_INET;
 29     local.sin_port=htons(atoi(argv[2]));
 30     local.sin_addr.s_addr=inet_addr(argv[1]);
 31 
 32     if(bind(sock,(struct sockaddr*)&local,sizeof(local))<0){
 33         perror("bind");
 34         return 3;
 35     }
 36     char buf[1024];
 37     while(1)
 38     {
 39         struct sockaddr_in client;
 40         socklen_t len=sizeof(client);
 41         ssize_t s=recvfrom(sock,buf,sizeof(buf)-1,0,\
 42         (struct sockaddr*)&client,&len);
 43         if(s>0)
 44         {
 45             buf[s]=0;
 46             printf("[%s:%d]# %s\n",inet_ntoa(client.sin_addr),\
 47             ntohs(client.sin_port),buf);
 48             sendto(sock,buf,strlen(buf),0,\
 49             (struct sockaddr*)&client,len);
 50         }
 51     }
 52 
 53     close(sock);
 54     return 0;
 55 }

 
 
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udp_client.c

  1 #include<stdio.h>
  2 #include<sys/types.h>
  3 #include<stdlib.h>
  4 #include<string.h>
  5 #include<sys/socket.h>
  6 #include<netinet/in.h>
  7 #include<arpa/inet.h>
  8 #include<fcntl.h>
  9 static void usage(const char*proc)
 10 {
 11     printf("Usage:%s [local_ip] [local_port]\n",proc);
 12 }
 13 int main(int argc,char*argv[])
 14 {
 15     if(argc!=3)
 16     {
 17         usage(argv[0]);
 18         return 1;
 19     }
 20     int sock=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM,0);
 21     if(sock<0)
 22     {
 23         perror("socket");
  1 #include<stdio.h>
  2 #include<sys/types.h>
  3 #include<stdlib.h>
  4 #include<string.h>
  5 #include<sys/socket.h>
  6 #include<netinet/in.h>
  7 #include<arpa/inet.h>
  8 #include<fcntl.h>
  9 static void usage(const char*proc)
 10 {
 11     printf("Usage:%s [local_ip] [local_port]\n",proc);
 12 }
 13 int main(int argc,char*argv[])
 14 {
 15     if(argc!=3)
 16     {
 17         usage(argv[0]);
 18         return 1;
 19     }
 20     int sock=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM,0);
 21     if(sock<0)
 22     {
 23         perror("socket");
 24         return 2;
 25     }
 26     struct sockaddr_in server;
 27     server.sin_family=AF_INET;
 28     server.sin_port=htons(atoi(argv[2]));
 29     server.sin_addr.s_addr=inet_addr(argv[1]);
 30 
 31     char buf[1024];
 32     while(1)
 33     {
 34         printf("Please Enter# ");
 35         fflush(stdout);
 36         ssize_t s=read(0,buf,sizeof(buf)-1);
 37         if(s>0)
 38             {
 39                 buf[s-1]=0;
 40                 sendto(sock,buf,strlen(buf),0,\
 41                 (struct sockaddr*)&server,sizeof(server));
 42 
 43         struct sockaddr_in peer;
 44         socklen_t len=sizeof(peer);
 45         ssize_t _s=recvfrom(sock,buf,sizeof(buf)-1,0,\
 46         (struct sockaddr*)&peer,&len);
 47         if(_s>0)
 48         {
 49             buf[_s]=0;
 50             printf("server echo[%s:%d]# %s\n",inet_ntoa(server.sin_addr),\
 51             ntohs(server.sin_port),buf);
 52         }
 53     }
 54     }
 55 
 56     close(sock);
 57     return 0;
 58 }