Hashtable 容器类

Hash算法是一种把任意长度的数据映射转换为固定长度数据的算法，一个典型的应用就是把字符串映射到一个索引值上，这样就把字符串的查找问题变成了查表，极大的提高了性能。hash 具体算法就不介绍了，这里说说应用, 对于一个大中型的项目来说，容器类可以说是必不可少的，Array, LinkList, Que, Stack 应用最广，不过hashtable 我感觉很多人使用较少。很多场合下，使用字符名称表示对象具有更好的灵活性和更高的可扩展性，而这种应用，使用 hash table 是顺理成章的事情。下面是一个 mfc 下的封装 collection，可以通过字符名称以及索引查找 object, 这个 collection 贯穿了我的很多 projects.

 

#pragma once

 

template <class T>

class CCollection 

{

       CPtrArray                  m_objArray;

       CMapStringToPtr            m_objMap;

       int                                m_Count;

 

public:

       T* Add(LPCTSTR key, T* object)

       {

              m_objArray.SetAtGrow(m_Count, object);

              m_objMap[key] = object;

              m_Count++;

              return object;

       }

      

       int GetCount()

       {

              return m_Count;

       }

 

       T& operator[](LPCTSTR key)

       {     

              T* obj = (T*) m_objMap[key];

              if (obj == NULL)

                     ::AfxThrowInvalidArgException();

              return *obj;

       }

 

       T& operator[](int index)

       {

              ASSERT(index >=0 && index < m_Count);

              return *(T*) m_objArray.GetAt(index);

       }

 

       T* GetAt(LPCTSTR key)

       {     

              return (T*) m_objMap[key];

       }

 

       T* GetAt(int index)

       {

              ASSERT(index >=0 && index < m_Count);

              return (T*) m_objArray.GetAt(index);

       }

 

       void RemoveAll()

       {

              m_objArray.RemoveAll();

              m_objMap.RemoveAll();

       }

 

       void DeleteAll()

       {

              for (int i=0; i<GetCount(); i++)

                     delete GetAt(i);

       }

 

       CCollection(): m_objMap(8)

       {

              m_objArray.SetSize(8, 4);

              m_Count = 0;

       }

 

       ~CCollection()

       {

       }

 

};

 

 

C# 下类似的container:

 

 

  public class CCollectionBase : NameObjectCollectionBase

  {

        public CCollectionBase()

        {

        }

 

        public CCollectionBase(int N) : base(N)

        {

        }

 

        public object Add(string key, object obj)

        {

            base.BaseSet(key, obj);

            return obj;

        }

 

         public object Put(string key, object obj)

         {

               base.BaseAdd(key, obj);

              return obj;

         }

 

        public string GetKey(int index)

        {

            return base.BaseGetKey(index);

        }

 

        public object this[int index]

        {

            get { return (object) (base.BaseGet(index)); }

            set { base.BaseSet(index, value); }

        }

 

        public object this[string key]

        {

            get { return (object) (base.BaseGet(key)); }

            set { base.BaseSet(key, value); }

        }

 

         public CCollectionBase GetCollection(string key)

         {

              return (CCollectionBase) (base.BaseGet(key));

         }

 

        public string[] AllKeys

        {

            get { return (this.BaseGetAllKeys()); }

        }

 

        public object[] AllValues

        {

            get { return (this.BaseGetAllValues()); }

        }

 

        public void Remove(string key)

        {

            base.BaseRemove(key);

        }

 

        public void Remove(int index)

        {

            base.BaseRemoveAt(index);

        }

 

        public void Clear()

        {

            base.BaseClear();

        }

 

        public new IEnumerator GetEnumerator()

         {

              for (int i = 0; i < Count; i++)

                     yield return base.BaseGet(i);

         }

 

 

   模板类型：

 

    public class CCollection<T> : CCollectionBase, IEnumerable<T>

 

    {

        public CCollection()

        {

        }

 

        public CCollection(int N)

        : base(N)

        {

        }

 

        public T Add(string key, T obj)

        {

            base.BaseSet(key, obj);

            return obj;

        }

 

        public T Put(string key, T obj)

        {

            base.BaseAdd(key, obj);

            return obj;

        }

 

 

        public new T this[int index]

        {

            get { return (T) (base.BaseGet(index)); }

            set { this.BaseSet(index, value); }

        }

 

        public new T this[string key]

        {

            get { return (T) (base.BaseGet(key)); }

            set { this.BaseSet(key, value); }

        }

 

        public new IEnumerator<T> GetEnumerator()

        {

            for (int i = 0; i<Count; i++)

                yield return (T) base.BaseGet(i);

        }

    }

 

 

                               

很早以前的 C++.net  (for dotnet 1.0) 下的一个 container:

 

      public __gc class CCollection

       {

       private:

              ArrayList*       m_pArray;

              Hashtable*       m_pTable;

      

       public:

              Object* Add(String* key, Object* object)

              {

                     m_pArray->Add(object);

                     m_pTable->Add(static_cast<Object*>(key), object);

                     return object;

              }

 

              __property int get_Count() { return m_pTable->Count; }

 

              __property Object* get_Item(String* key)

              {

                     return static_cast<Object*>(m_pTable->Item[key]);

              }

              __property Object* get_Item(int index)

              {

                     return static_cast<Object*>(m_pArray->Item[index]);

              }

 

              CCollection(int N)

              {

                     m_pArray = new ArrayList(N);

                     m_pTable = new Hashtable(N);

              }

 

              CCollection()

              {

                     m_pArray = new ArrayList();

                     m_pTable = new Hashtable();

              }

       };