import tkinter as tk
from tkinter.filedialog import *
from tkinter import ttk
import function
import cv2
from PIL import Image, ImageTk
import threading
import time
class Surface(ttk.Frame):
pic_path = ""
viewhigh = 600
viewwide = 600
update_time = 0
thread = None
thread_run = False
camera = None
color_transform = {"green": ("绿牌", "#55FF55"), "yello": ("黄牌", "#FFFF00"), "blue": ("蓝牌", "#6666FF")}
def __init__(self, win):
ttk.Frame.__init__(self, win)
frame_left = ttk.Frame(self)
frame_right1 = ttk.Frame(self)
frame_right2 = ttk.Frame(self)
win.title("车牌识别")
win.state("zoomed")
self.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, expand=tk.YES, padx="5", pady="5")
frame_left.pack(side=tk.LEFT, expand=1, fill=tk.BOTH)
frame_right1.pack(side=tk.TOP, expand=1, fill=tk.Y)
frame_right2.pack(side=tk.RIGHT, expand=0)
ttk.Label(frame_left, text='原图：',font=("微软雅黑", 20)).pack(anchor="n")
ttk.Label(frame_right1, text='车牌位置：',font=("微软雅黑", 12)).grid(column=0, row=0, sticky=tk.W)
from_pic_ctl = ttk.Button(frame_right2, text="来自图片", width=20,command=self.from_pic)
self.image_ctl = ttk.Label(frame_left)
self.image_ctl.pack(anchor="n")
self.roi_ctl = ttk.Label(frame_right1)
self.roi_ctl.grid(column=0, row=1, sticky=tk.W)
ttk.Label(frame_right1, text='识别结果：',font=("微软雅黑", 12)).grid(column=0, row=2, sticky=tk.W)
self.r_ctl = ttk.Label(frame_right1, text="",font=("微软雅黑", 12)) #识别字符
self.r_ctl.grid(column=0, row=3, sticky=tk.W)
self.color_ctl = ttk.Label(frame_right1, text="", width="20")
self.color_ctl.grid(column=0, row=4, sticky=tk.W) #车牌颜色
from_pic_ctl.pack(anchor="se", pady="50")
self.predictor = function.CardPredictor()
def get_imgtk(self, img_bgr):
img = cv2.cvtColor(img_bgr, cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGB)
im = Image.fromarray(img)
imgtk = ImageTk.PhotoImage(image=im)
wide = imgtk.width()
high = imgtk.height()
if wide > self.viewwide or high > self.viewhigh:
wide_factor = self.viewwide / wide
high_factor = self.viewhigh / high
factor = min(wide_factor, high_factor)
wide = int(wide * factor)
if wide <= 0: wide = 1
high = int(high * factor)
if high <= 0: high = 1
im = im.resize((wide, high), Image.ANTIALIAS)
imgtk = ImageTk.PhotoImage(image=im)
return imgtk
def show_roi(self, r, roi, color):
if r:
roi = cv2.cvtColor(roi, cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGB)
roi = Image.fromarray(roi)
self.imgtk_roi = ImageTk.PhotoImage(image=roi)
self.roi_ctl.configure(image=self.imgtk_roi, state='enable')
self.r_ctl.configure(text=str(r))
self.update_time = time.time()
try:
c = self.color_transform[color]
self.color_ctl.configure(text=c[0], background=c[1], state='enable')
except:
self.color_ctl.configure(state='disabled')
elif self.update_time + 8 < time.time():
self.roi_ctl.configure(state='disabled')
self.r_ctl.configure(text="")
self.color_ctl.configure(state='disabled')
def from_pic(self):
self.thread_run = False
self.pic_path = askopenfilename(title="选择识别图片", filetypes=[("jpg图片", "*.jpg")])
if self.pic_path:
img_bgr = function.imreadex(self.pic_path)
self.imgtk = self.get_imgtk(img_bgr)
self.image_ctl.configure(image=self.imgtk)
r, roi, color = self.predictor.predict(img_bgr)
self.show_roi(r, roi, color)
def close_window():
print("destroy")
if surface.thread_run:
surface.thread_run = False
surface.thread.join(2.0)
win.destroy()
if __name__ == '__main__':
win = tk.Tk()
surface = Surface(win)
win.protocol('WM_DELETE_WINDOW', close_window)
win.mainloop()
import cv2
import numpy as np
import os
import json
SZ = 20 # 训练图片长宽
MAX_WIDTH = 1000 # 原始图片最大宽度
Min_Area = 2000 # 车牌区域允许最大面积
PROVINCE_START = 1000
# 读取图片文件
def imreadex(filename):
return cv2.imdecode(np.fromfile(filename, dtype=np.uint8), cv2.IMREAD_COLOR)
def point_limit(point):
if point[0] < 0:
point[0] = 0
if point[1] < 0:
point[1] = 0
# 图像去噪灰度处理
def gray_guss(image):
image = cv2.GaussianBlur(image, (3, 3), 0)
gray_image = cv2.cvtColor(image, cv2.COLOR_RGB2GRAY)
return gray_image
# 根据设定的阈值和图片直方图，找出波峰，用于分隔字符
def find_waves(threshold, histogram):
up_point = -1 # 上升点
is_peak = False
if histogram[0] > threshold:
up_point = 0
is_peak = True
wave_peaks = []
for i, x in enumerate(histogram):
if is_peak and x < threshold:
if i - up_point > 2:
is_peak = False
wave_peaks.append((up_point, i))
elif not is_peak and x >= threshold:
is_peak = True
up_point = i
if is_peak and up_point != -1 and i - up_point > 4:
wave_peaks.append((up_point, i))
return wave_peaks
# 根据找出的波峰，分隔图片，从而得到逐个字符图片
def seperate_card(img, waves):
part_cards = []
for wave in waves:
part_cards.append(img[:, wave[0]:wave[1]])
return part_cards
# 准备模板
template = ['0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9',
'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'J', 'K', 'L', 'M', 'N', 'P', 'Q', 'R', 'S', 'T',
'U', 'V', 'W', 'X', 'Y', 'Z',
'藏', '川', '鄂', '甘', '赣', '贵', '桂', '黑', '沪', '吉', '冀', '津', '晋', '京', '辽', '鲁', '蒙', '闽',
'宁',
'青', '琼', '陕', '苏', '皖', '湘', '新', '渝', '豫', '粤', '云', '浙']
# 读取一个文件夹下的所有图片，输入参数是文件名，返回文件地址列表
def read_directory(directory_name):
referImg_list = []
for filename in os.listdir(directory_name):
referImg_list.append(directory_name + "/" + filename)
return referImg_list
# 中文模板列表（只匹配车牌的第一个字符）
def get_chinese_words_list():
chinese_words_list = []
for i in range(34,64):
c_word = read_directory('./refer1/'+ template[i])
chinese_words_list.append(c_word)
return chinese_words_list
chinese_words_list = get_chinese_words_list()
# 英文模板列表（只匹配车牌的第二个字符）
def get_eng_words_list():
eng_words_list = []
for i in range(10,34):
e_word = read_directory('./refer1/'+ template[i])
eng_words_list.append(e_word)
return eng_words_list
eng_words_list = get_eng_words_list()
# 英文数字模板列表（匹配车牌后面的字符）
def get_eng_num_words_list():
eng_num_words_list = []
for i in range(0,34):
word = read_directory('./refer1/'+ template[i])
eng_num_words_list.append(word)
return eng_num_words_list
eng_num_words_list = get_eng_num_words_list()
# 读取一个模板地址与图片进行匹配，返回得分
def template_score(template,image):
template_img=cv2.imdecode(np.fromfile(template,dtype=np.uint8),1)
template_img = cv2.cvtColor(template_img, cv2.COLOR_RGB2GRAY)
ret, template_img = cv2.threshold(template_img, 0, 255, cv2.THRESH_OTSU)
image_ = image.copy()
height, width = image_.shape
template_img = cv2.resize(template_img, (width, height))
result = cv2.matchTemplate(image_, template_img, cv2.TM_CCOEFF)#相关系数匹配，返回值愈大，匹配值越高
return result[0][0]
def template_matching(word_images):
results = []
for index,word_image in enumerate(word_images):
if index == 0:
best_score = []
for chinese_words in chinese_words_list:
score = []
for chinese_word in chinese_words:
result = template_score(chinese_word,word_image)
score.append(result)
best_score.append(max(score))
i = best_score.index(max(best_score))
# print(template[34+i])
r = template[34+i]
results.append(r)
continue
if index==1:
best_score = []
for eng_word_list in eng_words_list:
score = []
for eng_word in eng_word_list:
result = template_score(eng_word,word_image)
score.append(result)
best_score.append(max(score))
i = best_score.index(max(best_score))
# print(template[10+i])
r = template[10+i]
results.append(r)
continue
else:
best_score = []
for eng_num_word_list in eng_num_words_list:
score = []
for eng_num_word in eng_num_word_list:
result = template_score(eng_num_word,word_image)
score.append(result)
best_score.append(max(score))
i = best_score.index(max(best_score))
# print(template[i])
r = template[i]
results.append(r)
continue
return results
class CardPredictor:
def __init__(self):
# 车牌识别的部分参数保存在js中，便于根据图片分辨率做调整
f = open('config.js')
j = json.load(f)
for c in j["config"]:
if c["open"]:
self.cfg = c.copy()
break
else:
raise RuntimeError('没有设置有效配置参数')
def accurate_place(self, card_img_hsv, limit1, limit2, color):
row_num, col_num = card_img_hsv.shape[:2]
xl = col_num
xr = 0
yh = 0
yl = row_num
# col_num_limit = self.cfg["col_num_limit"]
row_num_limit = self.cfg["row_num_limit"]
col_num_limit = col_num * 0.8 if color != "green" else col_num * 0.5 # 绿色有渐变
for i in range(row_num):
count = 0
for j in range(col_num):
H = card_img_hsv.item(i, j, 0)
S = card_img_hsv.item(i, j, 1)
V = card_img_hsv.item(i, j, 2)
if limit1 < H <= limit2 and 34 < S and 46 < V:
count += 1
if count > col_num_limit:
if yl > i:
yl = i
if yh < i:
yh = i
for j in range(col_num):
count = 0
for i in range(row_num):
H = card_img_hsv.item(i, j, 0)
S = card_img_hsv.item(i, j, 1)
V = card_img_hsv.item(i, j, 2)
if limit1 < H <= limit2 and 34 < S and 46 < V:
count += 1
if count > row_num - row_num_limit:
if xl > j:
xl = j
if xr < j:
xr = j
return xl, xr, yh, yl
def predict(self, car_pic):
if type(car_pic) == type(""):
img = imreadex(car_pic)
else:
img = car_pic
pic_hight, pic_width = img.shape[:2]
if pic_width > MAX_WIDTH:
resize_rate = MAX_WIDTH / pic_width
img = cv2.resize(img, (MAX_WIDTH, int(pic_hight * resize_rate)), interpolation=cv2.INTER_AREA)
blur = self.cfg["blur"]
# 高斯去噪
if blur > 0:
img = cv2.GaussianBlur(img, (blur, blur), 0) # 图片分辨率调整
oldimg = img
gray_image = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY) #灰度处理
Sobel_x = cv2.Sobel(gray_image, cv2.CV_16S, 1, 0) #sobel算子边缘检测
absX = cv2.convertScaleAbs(Sobel_x) #转回uint8
image = absX
ret, image = cv2.threshold(image, 0, 255, cv2.THRESH_OTSU) #自适应阈值处理
kernelX = cv2.getStructuringElement(cv2.MORPH_RECT, (14, 5)) #闭运算，白色部分练成整体
image = cv2.morphologyEx(image, cv2.MORPH_CLOSE, kernelX, iterations=1)
kernelX = cv2.getStructuringElement(cv2.MORPH_RECT, (20, 1)) #去除小白点
kernelY = cv2.getStructuringElement(cv2.MORPH_RECT, (1, 19))
image = cv2.dilate(image, kernelX) #膨胀
image = cv2.erode(image, kernelX) #腐蚀
image = cv2.erode(image, kernelY) #腐蚀
image = cv2.dilate(image, kernelY) #膨胀
image = cv2.medianBlur(image, 15) #中值滤波去除噪点
contours, hierarchy = cv2.findContours(image, cv2.RETR_EXTERNAL, cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)#轮廓检测
# 一一排除不是车牌的矩形区域
car_contours = [] #筛选车牌位置的轮廓
for cnt in contours:
rect = cv2.minAreaRect(cnt)
area_width, area_height = rect[1]
if area_width < area_height:
area_width, area_height = area_height, area_width
wh_ratio = area_width / area_height
# print(wh_ratio)
# 要求矩形区域长宽比在2到5.5之间，2到5.5是车牌的长宽比，其余的矩形排除
if wh_ratio > 2 and wh_ratio < 5.5:
car_contours.append(rect)
box = cv2.boxPoints(rect)
box = np.int0(box)
print("精确定位")
card_imgs = []
# 矩形区域可能是倾斜的矩形，需要矫正，以便使用颜色定位
for rect in car_contours:
if rect[2] > -1 and rect[2] < 1: # 创造角度，使得左、高、右、低拿到正确的值
angle = 1
else:
angle = rect[2]
rect = (rect[0], (rect[1][0] + 5, rect[1][1] + 5), angle) # 扩大范围，避免车牌边缘被排除
box = cv2.boxPoints(rect)
heigth_point = right_point = [0, 0]
left_point = low_point = [pic_width, pic_hight]
for point in box:
if left_point[0] > point[0]:
left_point = point
if low_point[1] > point[1]:
low_point = point
if heigth_point[1] < point[1]:
heigth_point = point
if right_point[0] < point[0]:
right_point = point
if left_point[1] <= right_point[1]: # 正角度
new_right_point = [right_point[0], heigth_point[1]]
pts2 = np.float32([left_point, heigth_point, new_right_point]) # 字符只是高度需要改变
pts1 = np.float32([left_point, heigth_point, right_point])
M = cv2.getAffineTransform(pts1, pts2)
dst = cv2.warpAffine(oldimg, M, (pic_width, pic_hight))
point_limit(new_right_point)
point_limit(heigth_point)
point_limit(left_point)
card_img = dst[int(left_point[1]):int(heigth_point[1]), int(left_point[0]):int(new_right_point[0])]
card_imgs.append(card_img)
elif left_point[1] > right_point[1]: # 负角度
new_left_point = [left_point[0], heigth_point[1]]
pts2 = np.float32([new_left_point, heigth_point, right_point]) # 字符只是高度需要改变
pts1 = np.float32([left_point, heigth_point, right_point])
M = cv2.getAffineTransform(pts1, pts2)
dst = cv2.warpAffine(oldimg, M, (pic_width, pic_hight))
point_limit(right_point)
point_limit(heigth_point)
point_limit(new_left_point)
card_img = dst[int(right_point[1]):int(heigth_point[1]), int(new_left_point[0]):int(right_point[0])]
card_imgs.append(card_img)
#cv2.waitKey(0)
# 开始使用颜色定位，排除不是车牌的矩形，目前只识别蓝、绿、黄车牌
colors = []
for card_index, card_img in enumerate(card_imgs):
green = yello = blue = black = white = 0
card_img_hsv = cv2.cvtColor(card_img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2HSV)
# 有转换失败的可能，原因来自于上面矫正矩形出错
if card_img_hsv is None:
continue
row_num, col_num = card_img_hsv.shape[:2]
card_img_count = row_num * col_num
for i in range(row_num):
for j in range(col_num):
H = card_img_hsv.item(i, j, 0)
S = card_img_hsv.item(i, j, 1)
V = card_img_hsv.item(i, j, 2)
if 11 < H <= 34 and S > 34: # 图片分辨率调整
yello += 1
elif 35 < H <= 99 and S > 34: # 图片分辨率调整
green += 1
elif 99 < H <= 124 and S > 34: # 图片分辨率调整
blue += 1
if 0 < H < 180 and 0 < S < 255 and 0 < V < 46:
black += 1
elif 0 < H < 180 and 0 < S < 43 and 221 < V < 225:
white += 1
color = "no"
limit1 = limit2 = 0
if yello * 2 >= card_img_count:
color = "yello"
limit1 = 11
limit2 = 34 # 有的图片有色偏偏绿
elif green * 2 >= card_img_count:
color = "green"
limit1 = 35
limit2 = 99
elif blue * 2 >= card_img_count:
color = "blue"
limit1 = 100
limit2 = 124 # 有的图片有色偏偏紫
elif black + white >= card_img_count * 0.7: # TODO
color = "bw"
print(color)
colors.append(color)
print(blue, green, yello, black, white, card_img_count)
if limit1 == 0:
continue
# 以上为确定车牌颜色
# 以下为根据车牌颜色再定位，缩小边缘非车牌边界
xl, xr, yh, yl = self.accurate_place(card_img_hsv, limit1, limit2, color)
if yl == yh and xl == xr:
continue
need_accurate = False
if yl >= yh:
yl = 0
yh = row_num
need_accurate = True
if xl >= xr:
xl = 0
xr = col_num
need_accurate = True
card_imgs[card_index] = card_img[yl:yh, xl:xr] if color != "green" or yl < (
yh - yl) // 4 else card_img[
yl - (
yh - yl) // 4:yh,
xl:xr]
if need_accurate: # 可能x或y方向未缩小，需要再试一次
card_img = card_imgs[card_index]
card_img_hsv = cv2.cvtColor(card_img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2HSV)
xl, xr, yh, yl = self.accurate_place(card_img_hsv, limit1, limit2, color)
if yl == yh and xl == xr:
continue
if yl >= yh:
yl = 0
yh = row_num
if xl >= xr:
xl = 0
xr = col_num
card_imgs[card_index] = card_img[yl:yh, xl:xr] if color != "green" or yl < (
yh - yl) // 4 else card_img[
yl - (
yh - yl) // 4:yh,
xl:xr]
# 以上为车牌定位
# 以下为识别车牌中的字符
predict_result = []
word_images = []
roi = None
card_color = None
for i, color in enumerate(colors):
if color in ("blue", "yello", "green"):
card_img = card_imgs[i] # 定位的车牌
gray_img = cv2.cvtColor(card_img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
# 黄、绿车牌字符比背景暗、与蓝车牌刚好相反，所以黄、绿车牌需要反向
if color == "green" or color == "yello":
gray_img = cv2.bitwise_not(gray_img)
ret, gray_img = cv2.threshold(gray_img, 0, 255, cv2.THRESH_BINARY + cv2.THRESH_OTSU)
# 查找水平直方图波峰
x_histogram = np.sum(gray_img, axis=1)
x_min = np.min(x_histogram)
x_average = np.sum(x_histogram) / x_histogram.shape[0]
x_threshold = (x_min + x_average) / 2
wave_peaks = find_waves(x_threshold, x_histogram)
if len(wave_peaks) == 0:
print("peak less 0:")
continue
# 认为水平方向，最大的波峰为车牌区域
wave = max(wave_peaks, key=lambda x: x[1] - x[0])
gray_img = gray_img[wave[0]:wave[1]]
# 查找垂直直方图波峰
row_num, col_num = gray_img.shape[:2]
# 去掉车牌上下边缘1个像素，避免白边影响阈值判断
gray_img = gray_img[1:row_num - 1]
y_histogram = np.sum(gray_img, axis=0)
y_min = np.min(y_histogram)
y_average = np.sum(y_histogram) / y_histogram.shape[0]
y_threshold = (y_min + y_average) / 5 # U和0要求阈值偏小，否则U和0会被分成两半
wave_peaks = find_waves(y_threshold, y_histogram)
# for wave in wave_peaks:
# cv2.line(card_img, pt1=(wave[0], 5), pt2=(wave[1], 5), color=(0, 0, 255), thickness=2)
# 车牌字符数应大于6
if len(wave_peaks) <= 6:
print("peak less 1:", len(wave_peaks))
continue
wave = max(wave_peaks, key=lambda x: x[1] - x[0])
max_wave_dis = wave[1] - wave[0]
# 判断是否是左侧车牌边缘
if wave_peaks[0][1] - wave_peaks[0][0] < max_wave_dis / 3 and wave_peaks[0][0] == 0:
wave_peaks.pop(0)
# 组合分离汉字
cur_dis = 0
for i, wave in enumerate(wave_peaks):
if wave[1] - wave[0] + cur_dis > max_wave_dis * 0.6:
break
else:
cur_dis += wave[1] - wave[0]
if i > 0:
wave = (wave_peaks[0][0], wave_peaks[i][1])
wave_peaks = wave_peaks[i + 1:]
wave_peaks.insert(0, wave)
# 去除车牌上的分隔点
point = wave_peaks[2]
if point[1] - point[0] < max_wave_dis / 3:
point_img = gray_img[:, point[0]:point[1]]
if np.mean(point_img) < 255 / 5:
wave_peaks.pop(2)
if len(wave_peaks) <= 6:
print("peak less 2:", len(wave_peaks))
continue
part_cards = seperate_card(gray_img, wave_peaks)
for i, part_card in enumerate(part_cards):
# 可能是固定车牌的铆钉
if np.mean(part_card) < 255 / 5:
print("a point")
continue
part_card_old = part_card
w = abs(part_card.shape[1] - SZ) // 2
part_card = cv2.copyMakeBorder(part_card, 0, 0, w, w, cv2.BORDER_CONSTANT,
value=[0, 0, 0])
part_card = cv2.resize(part_card, (SZ, SZ), interpolation=cv2.INTER_AREA)
word_images.append(part_card)
word_images_ = word_images.copy()
predict_result = template_matching(word_images_)
roi = card_img
card_color = color
print(predict_result)
break
return predict_result, roi, card_color # 识别到的字符、定位的车牌图像、车牌颜色
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