398. Random Pick Index**

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Given an array of integers with possible duplicates, randomly output the index of a given target number. You can assume that the given target number must exist in the array.

Note:
The array size can be very large. Solution that uses too much extra space will not pass the judge.

Example:

int[] nums = new int[] {1,2,3,3,3};
Solution solution = new Solution(nums);

// pick(3) should return either index 2, 3, or 4 randomly. Each index should have equal probability of returning.
solution.pick(3);

// pick(1) should return 0. Since in the array only nums[0] is equal to 1.
solution.pick(1);
public class Solution {
    int[] nums;
    Random rand;
    public Solution(int[] nums) {
        this.nums=nums;
        this.rand = new Random();
    }
    public int pick(int target) {
        int total = 0;
        int res = -1;
        for(int i=0;i<nums.length;i++){
            if(nums[i]==target){
                int x = rand.nextInt(++total);
                res = x==0?i:res;
            }
        }
        return res;
    }
}

/**
 * Your Solution object will be instantiated and called as such:
 * Solution obj = new Solution(nums);
 * int param_1 = obj.pick(target);
 */




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将以下代码转换为python:function newpop=zmutate(pop,popsize,pm1,pm2,fitness1,M,N,Tn0,Tn1,Q,ST0,maxT,t,maxgen,LCR,ECR,MCR,FC,ICR) %M为辅助坑道数量;N为单元数 x=pop(:,1:2*M+1);%分段点位置 y=pop(:,2*M+2:4*M+2);%是否选择该分段点 z=pop(:,4*M+3:6*M+4);%开挖方向 W=pop(:,6*M+5:8*M+6);%作业班次 lenx=length(x(1,:)); leny=length(y(1,:)); lenz=length(z(1,:)); lenW=length(W(1,:)); avefit=sum(fitness1)/popsize; worstfit=min(fitness1); % sumy=sum(y); % lenz=sumy+1; % lenW=sumy+1; for i=1:popsize %选择popsize次,每次选择一个,输出一个 %随机选择一个染色体 pick=rand; while pick==0 pick=rand; end index=ceil(pick*popsize); f1=fitness1(index); if f1<=avefit % pm=(exp(-t/maxgen))*(pm1-(pm1-pm2)*(f1-avefit)/max(fitness1)-avefit); pm=1/(1+exp(t/maxgen))*(pm1-(pm1-pm2)*(f1-avefit)/max(fitness1)-avefit); else % pm=(exp(-t/maxgen))*pm1; pm=1/(1+exp(t/maxgen))*pm1; end pick=rand; while pick==0 pick=rand; end if pick>pm continue; end % flag0=0; % while(flag0==0) %随机选择变异位置 pick1=rand; pick2=rand; pick3=rand; pick4=rand; while pick1*pick2*pick3*pick4==0 pick1=rand; pick2=rand; pick3=rand; pick4=rand; end posx=ceil(pick1*lenx); posy=ceil(pick2*leny); %x,y变异 randx=randi([1,N-1]); while ismember(randx,x(index,:)) randx=randi([1,N-1]); end b=x(index,posx); x(index,posx)=randx; a=[0 1]; c=y(index,posy); y(index,posy)=setxor(y(index,posy),a); %z,W变异 posz=ceil(pick3*lenz); posW=ceil(pick4*lenW); d=z(index,posz); z(index,posz)=setxor(z(index,posz),a); randW=randi([1,3]); while randW==W(index,posW) randW=randi([1,3]); end e=W(index,posW); W(index,posW)=randW; mpop=[x(index,:),y(index,:),z(index,:),W(index,:)]; mtime=ztime(mpop,M,N,Tn0,Tn1,Q,ST0); mutfit=zcost(mpop,M,N,mtime(:,1),mtime(:,2:2*M+3),mtime(:,2*M+4:2*M+2+N),LCR,ECR,MCR,FC,ICR,Q); if mtime(:,1)>maxT||mutfit<=worstfit x(index,posx)=b; y(index,posy)=c; z(index,posz)=d; W(index,posW)=e; end end newpop=[x,y,z,W]; end
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05-26
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