Random Pick Index

Given an array of integers with possible duplicates, randomly output the index of a given target number. You can assume that the given target number must exist in the array.

Note:
The array size can be very large. Solution that uses too much extra space will not pass the judge.

Example:

int[] nums = new int[] {1,2,3,3,3};
Solution solution = new Solution(nums);

// pick(3) should return either index 2, 3, or 4 randomly. Each index should have equal probability of returning.
solution.pick(3);

// pick(1) should return 0. Since in the array only nums[0] is equal to 1.
solution.pick(1);

代码；

private HashMap<Integer, List<Integer>> map;
    public Solution(int[] nums) {
        map = new HashMap<>();
        for(int i=0;i<nums.length;i++){
            if(map.containsKey(nums[i])){
                map.get(nums[i]).add(i);
            }else{
                List<Integer> temp = new ArrayList<>();
                temp.add(i);
                map.put(nums[i], temp);
            }
        }
    }

    public int pick(int target) {
        List<Integer> list = map.get(target);
        int randSize = new Random().nextInt(list.size());
        return list.get(randSize);
    }