一.内置对象(没有配置toolbox情况)
1.HttpServletRequest -------------------------$request
2.HttpServletResponse -----------------------$response
3.HttpSession ----------------------------------$session
二.layout
1.http://qieqie.iteye.com/blog/65028
三.vm语法
1.parse与include
parse-------动态包含vm文件,文件间可共享vm变量
include-----静态引入,不对vm表达式做解析
jsp中的<jsp:include page="" />也是动态引入jsp,但是两个jsp之间不能共享变量
2.减法运算
#set($index=$index-1) ##这条语法会出错,改成如下:
#set($index=$index - 1) ##在减号前后各加一个空格
3.判断字符是否相等
#if($a==$b) <div>success</div>#end ##如果$a或$b为空,这条语句有语法错误,改成如下: #if("$a"=="$b") <div>success</div>#end 或者 #if($a&&$b&$a==$b) <div>success</div>#end
4.javascript中使用vm变量
<script> #if($a&&$a.length()>0) var a="$a" alert(a); #end </script>
5. foreach循环的counter(循环次数计数)
在velocity.properties中有一段配置
directive.foreach.counter.name = velocityCount ##定义变量名称
directive.foreach.counter.initial.value = 1 ##定义计算从1开始累加
例如:
#foreach($n in [1..10]) #if($velocityCount==$n) <div>计数开始$velocityCount</div> #end #end
四.模板的解析
1.模板文件的merge
StringWriter writer = new StringWriter();
Map context=new HashMap();
context.put("vm_prop1","12");
VelocityContext model = new VelocityContext(context);
model.put("vm_prop2", "14");
try {
Template tpl = Velocity.getTemplate("portal.vm");
tpl.merge(model, writer);
writer.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("Can't merge portal.vm", e);
}
log.info(writer.toString);
对portal.vm中的vm_prop1和vm_prop2两个变量赋值并解析返回writer
2.字符串的merge
public static boolean evaluate(org.apache.velocity.context.Context context, Writer writer, String logTag, Reader reader) throws ParseErrorException, MethodInvocationException, ResourceNotFoundException, IOException {
SimpleNode nodeTree = null;
try {
nodeTree = RuntimeSingleton.parse(reader, logTag, false);
} catch (ParseException pex) {
throw new ParseErrorException(pex.getMessage());
}
if (nodeTree != null) {
InternalContextAdapterImpl ica = new InternalContextAdapterImpl(context);
ica.pushCurrentTemplateName(logTag);
try {
try {
nodeTree.init(ica, RuntimeSingleton.getRuntimeServices());
} catch (Exception e) {
RuntimeSingleton.error("Velocity.evaluate() : init exception for tag = " + logTag + " : " + e);
}
nodeTree.render(ica, writer);
} finally {
ica.popCurrentTemplateName();
}
return true;
}
return false;
}
StringReader reader = new StringReader("#foreach($n in $list) <ul><li>$n.Id</li></ul>#end");
reader为读取一个vm文件里的内容,包含vm表达式,logTag为这一串字符串赋予一个模板名称(如:"a.vm")通过context对vm表达式赋值,并对reader读取的字符串进行解析,返回给writer
五.servlet应用
1.可增加一个Listener,在这个Listener初始化velocity的一些配置,这样避免每个servlet都需要初始化velocity
Properties props = new Properties();
try {
File conf = new File(event.getServletContext().getRealPath("WEB-INF/velocity.properties"));
props.load(new FileInputStream(conf));
}catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
try {
Iterator<Object> iter = props.keySet().iterator();
while(iter.hasNext()) {
String key = (String) iter.next();
Velocity.setProperty(key,props.getProperty(key));
}
Velocity.setProperty( RuntimeConstants.RUNTIME_LOG_LOGSYSTEM_CLASS,
"org.apache.velocity.runtime.log.SimpleLog4JLogSystem" );
Velocity.setProperty("runtime.log.logsystem.log4j.category", "sys.velocity");
Velocity.setProperty("resource.loader","file");
Velocity.setProperty(RuntimeConstants.FILE_RESOURCE_LOADER_PATH, event.getServletContext().getRealPath("/WEB-INF/templates"));
Velocity.setProperty("parser.pool.size","3");
Velocity.setProperty("velocimacro.library","macro_default.vm,macro_expopo.vm");
Velocity.init();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}