对list分组的前世今生

问题：对一个list根据元素的某一属性进行分组

方法一：传统的方式

    private static Map<String, List<Student>> groupByColor(List<Student> list) {
        HashMap<String, List<Student>> map = new HashMap<>();
        for (Student student : list) {
            List<Student> students = map.get(student.getColor());
            if (students==null){
                students=new ArrayList<>();
                map.put(student.getColor(),students);
            }
            students.add(student);
        }
        return map;
    }

方法二：使用map的自带的方法，结合lambda表达式

    private static Map<String, List<Student>> groupByColorOptMap(List<Student> list) {
        HashMap<String, List<Student>> map = new HashMap<>();
        for (Student student : list) {
            List<Student> students = map.computeIfAbsent(student.getColor(), k -> new ArrayList<>());
            students.add(student);
        }
        return map;
    }

方法三：使用stream流结合Optional类的巧妙结合

    private static Map<String, List<Student>> groupByColorOpt(List<Student> list) {
        Map<String, List<Student>> map = new HashMap<>();
        list.forEach(student -> {
            List<Student> colorList = Optional.ofNullable(map.get(student.getColor())).orElseGet(() -> {//得到一个空的list
                List<Student> newList = new ArrayList<>();
                map.put(student.getColor(), newList);
                return newList;
            });
            colorList.add(student);
        });
        return map;
    }

方法四：使用stream流式分组，返回key对list

Map<String, List<Student>> map = list.stream().collect(Collectors.groupingBy(Student::getColor));

方法五：使用流式返回一对一的结果

Map<String, Student> map = list.stream().collect(Collectors.toMap(info -> info.getColor(), Function.identity(), (p1, p2) -> p1));//p1,p2决定遇到重复保留哪一个