Java工厂模式

首先先看一下抽象产品和具体产品类（Product）

---

药品类

package com;

/**
 * 药品
 *
 * @author ZHANGHAOHAO089
 * @date 2017/12/13
 */

public abstract class Medicine {
    public abstract void getName();
    public abstract void getNum();
}

西药类

package com;

/**
 * 西药
 *
 * @author ZHANGHAOHAO089
 * @date 2017/12/13
 */

public class XMedicine extends Medicine {
    @Override
    public void getName() {
        System.out.println("我是西药");
    }

    @Override
    public void getNum() {
        System.out.println("西药的数量为2");
    }
}

中药类

package com;

/**
 * 中药
 *
 * @author ZHANGHAOHAO089
 * @date 2017/12/13
 */

public class ZMedicine extends Medicine {
    @Override
    public void getName() {
        System.out.println("我是中药");
    }

    @Override
    public void getNum() {
        System.out.println("中药的数量为2");
    }
}

---

仪器类

package com;

/**
 * 仪器
 *
 * @author ZHANGHAOHAO089
 * @date 2017/12/13
 */

public abstract class Machine {
    public abstract void getName();
    public abstract void getNum();
}

西药仪器类

package com;

/**
 * 西药仪器
 *
 * @author ZHANGHAOHAO089
 * @date 2017/12/13
 */

public class XMachine extends Machine{
    @Override
    public void getName() {
        System.out.println("我是西药仪器");
    }

    @Override
    public void getNum() {
        System.out.println("西药仪器的数量为3");
    }
}

中药仪器类

package com;

/**
 * 中药仪器
 *
 * @author ZHANGHAOHAO089
 * @date 2017/12/13
 */

public class ZMachine extends Machine{
    @Override
    public void getName() {
        System.out.println("我是中药仪器");
    }

    @Override
    public void getNum() {
        System.out.println("中药仪器的数量为3");
    }
}

---

1、简单工厂模式

工厂类

package com.design;

import com.XMedicine;
import com.ZMedicine;

/**
 * 简单工厂类
 *
 * @author ZHANGHAOHAO089
 * @date 2017/12/13
 */

public class Factory {

    public static XMedicine xNewInstance() {
        return new XMedicine();
    }

    public static ZMedicine zNewInstance() {
        return new ZMedicine();
    }
}

测试类

package com.design;

import com.XMedicine;
import com.ZMedicine;

/**
 * 简单工厂测试类
 *
 * @author ZHANGHAOHAO089
 * @date 2017/12/13
 */

public class FactoryTest {
    public static void main(String[] arg) {
        XMedicine xMedicine = Factory.xNewInstance();
        ZMedicine zMedicine = Factory.zNewInstance();

        xMedicine.getName();
        xMedicine.getNum();
        zMedicine.getNum();
        zMedicine.getName();
    }
}

---

2、工厂方法模式

抽象工厂类

package com.design1;

import com.Medicine;

/**
 * description
 *
 * @author ZHANGHAOHAO089
 * @date 2017/12/13
 */

public abstract class Factory {
    public abstract Medicine newInstance();
}

西药工厂类

package com.design1;

import com.Medicine;
import com.XMedicine;

/**
 * description
 *
 * @author ZHANGHAOHAO089
 * @date 2017/12/13
 */

public class XMedicineFactory extends Factory{
    @Override
    public Medicine newInstance() {
        return new XMedicine();
    }
}

中药工厂类

package com.design1;

import com.Medicine;
import com.ZMedicine;

/**
 * description
 *
 * @author ZHANGHAOHAO089
 * @date 2017/12/13
 */

public class ZMedicineFactory extends Factory{
    @Override
    public Medicine newInstance() {
        return new ZMedicine();
    }
}

测试类

package com.design1;

import com.Medicine;

/**
 * 工厂方法测试类
 *
 * @author ZHANGHAOHAO089
 * @date 2017/12/13
 */

public class FactoryMethodTest {

    public static void main(String[] arg) {
        XMedicineFactory xMedicineFactory = new XMedicineFactory();
        Medicine xMedicine = xMedicineFactory.newInstance();
        xMedicine.getName();
        xMedicine.getNum();

        ZMedicineFactory zMedicineFactory = new ZMedicineFactory();
        Medicine zMedicine = zMedicineFactory.newInstance();
        zMedicine.getNum();
        zMedicine.getName();
    }
}

---

3、抽象工厂模式

抽象工厂类

package com.design2;

import com.Machine;
import com.Medicine;

/**
 * description
 *
 * @author ZHANGHAOHAO089
 * @date 2017/12/13
 */

public abstract class Factory {
    public abstract Medicine medicineNewInstance();
    public abstract Machine machineNewInstance();
}

西药工厂类

package com.design2;

import com.Machine;
import com.Medicine;
import com.XMachine;
import com.XMedicine;

/**
 * description
 *
 * @author ZHANGHAOHAO089
 * @date 2017/12/13
 */

public class XMedicineFactory extends Factory{
    @Override
    public Medicine medicineNewInstance() {
        return new XMedicine();
    }

    @Override
    public Machine machineNewInstance() {
        return new XMachine();
    }
}

中药工厂类

package com.design2;

import com.Machine;
import com.Medicine;
import com.ZMachine;
import com.ZMedicine;

/**
 * description
 *
 * @author ZHANGHAOHAO089
 * @date 2017/12/13
 */

public class ZMedicineFactory extends Factory{
    @Override
    public Medicine medicineNewInstance() {
        return new ZMedicine();
    }

    @Override
    public Machine machineNewInstance() {
        return new ZMachine();
    }
}

测试类

package com.design2;

import com.Machine;
import com.Medicine;

/**
 * 抽象工厂方法测试类
 *
 * @author ZHANGHAOHAO089
 * @date 2017/12/13
 */

public class AbstractFactoryTest {
    public static void main(String[] arg) {
        ZMedicineFactory zMedicineFactory = new ZMedicineFactory();
        Medicine zMedicine = zMedicineFactory.medicineNewInstance();
        Machine zMachine = zMedicineFactory.machineNewInstance();
        zMedicine.getName();
        zMedicine.getNum();
        zMachine.getName();
        zMachine.getNum();

        XMedicineFactory xMedicineFactory = new XMedicineFactory();
        Medicine xMedicine = xMedicineFactory.medicineNewInstance();
        Machine xMachine = xMedicineFactory.machineNewInstance();
        xMedicine.getName();
        xMedicine.getNum();
        xMachine.getName();
        xMachine.getNum();
    }
}

---

小结：
1、简单工厂模式：只是简单的生产产品，当有额外的产品需要生产，必须修改工厂类。扩展比较繁琐，后期代码比较混乱。
2、工厂方法模式：根据不同的产品，有自己的具体工厂实现类，当有额外的产品需要生产，只需要增加新工厂即可，易扩展。
3、抽象工厂模式：针对多个相似的厂生产多个相似的产品，有产品群的概念。工厂方法是单一的产品。