7.0相机拍照后，保存图片到自定义的路径

1.布局是两个button一个是打开相机，一个是打开相册

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/takePhoto"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:hint="打开相机"/>


    <Button
        android:id="@+id/glary"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:hint="打开相册"
        />
    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/images"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:scaleType="fitXY"/>
</LinearLayout>

2.在MainActivity动态申请相关权限

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener {

    private static final String TAG = "MainActivity";
    private Button takePhoto;
    private Button glary;
    private ImageView image;
    private static final int CODE_GALLERY_REQUEST = 0xa0;
    private static final int CODE_CAMERA_REQUEST = 0xa1;
    private static final int CODE_RESULT_REQUEST = 0xa2;
    private static final int CAMERA_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_CODE = 0x03;
    private static final int STORAGE_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_CODE = 0x04;

    private File fileUri = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getPath() + "/photo.jpg");
    private File fileCropUri = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getPath() + "/crop_photo.jpg");
    private Uri imageUri;
    private Uri cropImageUri;
    private Bitmap bitmap;
    private Bitmap mBitmapFromUri;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        takePhoto = (Button) findViewById(R.id.takePhoto);
        glary = (Button) findViewById(R.id.glary);
        image = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.images);

        takePhoto.setOnClickListener(this);
        glary.setOnClickListener(this);
    }

    @Override
    public void onClick(View v) {
        switch (v.getId()) {
            case R.id.takePhoto:
                autoObtainCameraPermission();
                break;
            case R.id.glary:
                autoObtainStoragePermission();



                //保存图片

                break;
            default:
        }
    }


    /**
     * 自动获取相机权限
     */
    private void autoObtainCameraPermission() {
        if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.CAMERA) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
                || ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
                || ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {

            if (ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(this, Manifest.permission.CAMERA)) {
                ToastUtils.showShort(this, "您已经拒绝过一次");
            }
            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[]{Manifest.permission.CAMERA, Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE}, CAMERA_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_CODE);
        } else {//有权限直接调用系统相机拍照
            if (hasSdcard()) {
                imageUri = Uri.fromFile(fileUri);
                //通过FileProvider创建一个content类型的Uri
                if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.N) {
                    imageUri = FileProvider.getUriForFile(MainActivity.this, "com.zzz.fileproviders", fileUri);
                }
                PhotoUtils.takePicture(this, imageUri, CODE_CAMERA_REQUEST);
            } else {
                ToastUtils.showShort(this, "设备没有SD卡！");
            }
        }

    }

    /**
     * 自动获取sdk权限
     */
    private void autoObtainStoragePermission() {
        if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[]{Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE}, STORAGE_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_CODE);
        } else {
            PhotoUtils.openPic(this, CODE_GALLERY_REQUEST);
        }
    }


    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
        super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);

        switch (requestCode) {

            //调用系统相机申请拍照权限回调
            case CAMERA_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_CODE: {
                if (grantResults.length > 0 && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                    if (hasSdcard()) {
                        imageUri = Uri.fromFile(fileUri);
                        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.N)
                            imageUri = FileProvider.getUriForFile(MainActivity.this, "com.zzz.fileproviders", fileUri);//通过FileProvider创建一个content类型的Uri
                        PhotoUtils.takePicture(this, imageUri, CODE_CAMERA_REQUEST);
                    } else {
                        ToastUtils.showShort(this, "设备没有SD卡！");
                    }
                } else {

                    ToastUtils.showShort(this, "请允许打开相机！！");
                }
                break;


            }
            //调用系统相册申请Sdcard权限回调
            case STORAGE_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_CODE:
                if (grantResults.length > 0 && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                    PhotoUtils.openPic(this, CODE_GALLERY_REQUEST);
                } else {

                    ToastUtils.showShort(this, "请允许打操作SDCard！！");
                }
                break;
            default:
        }
    }


    @Override
    protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
        super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);

        if (resultCode == RESULT_OK) {
            switch (requestCode) {
                //拍照完成回调
                case CODE_CAMERA_REQUEST:

                    Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(fileUri);
                    mBitmapFromUri = PhotoUtils.getBitmapFromUri(uri, this);
//                    image.setImageBitmap(mBitmapFromUri);
                    Log.e(TAG, Environment.getExternalStorageState());

                    //TODO : 拍照完成后存到指定目录下
                    new Thread(new Runnable() {
                        @Override
                        public void run() {
                            saveBitmap(mBitmapFromUri);
                        }
                    }).start();

                    break;
                //访问相册完成回调
                case CODE_GALLERY_REQUEST:
                    if (hasSdcard()) {

                        Uri newUri = Uri.parse(PhotoUtils.getPath(this, data.getData()));
                        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.N) {
                            newUri = FileProvider.getUriForFile(this, "com.zzz.fileproviders", new File(newUri.getPath()));

                        }

                        Bitmap bitmap = PhotoUtils.getBitmapFromUri(newUri, this);
                        image.setImageBitmap(bitmap);

                    } else {
                        ToastUtils.showShort(this, "设备没有SD卡！");
                    }
                    break;
                case CODE_RESULT_REQUEST:
                    Uri uri2 = Uri.fromFile(fileUri);
                    Bitmap bitmap = PhotoUtils.getBitmapFromUri(uri2, this);
                    if (bitmap != null) {
                        image.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
                    }
                    break;
                default:
            }
        }
    }

    //保存照片到指定的文件夹

    /** 保存方法:保存文件耗时，在子线程中操作 */



   

public void saveBitmap( Bitmap bm  ) {



            Log.e(TAG, "保存图片");

            // 直接存在Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()下，能够找到图片，加上后面的目录就没图片了
    mSdCardDir = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()+ "/data/local/";
    Log.e(TAG, "当前保存的路径是 ：" + mSdCardDir);
            File dirFile = new File(mSdCardDir);
            if (!dirFile .exists()) {           //如果不存在，那就建立这个文件夹
                dirFile .mkdirs();
            }
    File newfile = new File(dirFile,new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMdd-HHmmss", Locale.CHINA).format(new Date())+".jpg");
             mSaveContentUri = FileProvider.getUriForFile(this, "com.zzz.fileproviders", new File(mSdCardDir));
            try {
                FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(newfile);
                bm.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.PNG, 90, out);
                out.flush();
                out.close();
                Log.i(TAG, "已经保存");
            } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
                // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                e.printStackTrace();
            }

        }

    /**
     * 检查设备是否存在SDCard的工具方法
     */
    public static boolean hasSdcard() {
        String state = Environment.getExternalStorageState();
        return state.equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED);
    }
}

3.注意在7.0之后用FileProvider来操作相机

（1）新建一个res下xml文件夹，再建立file_path文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>
    <paths>
        <external-path
            name="camerasss_photos"
            path="" />
    </paths>
</resources>

（2）在清单文件下申明

<provider
    android:name="android.support.v4.content.FileProvider"
    android:authorities="com.zzz.fileproviders"
    android:exported="false"
    android:grantUriPermissions="true">
    <meta-data
        android:name="android.support.FILE_PROVIDER_PATHS"
        android:resource="@xml/file_paths" />
</provider>

相关的权限：

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.MOUNT_UNMOUNT_FILESYSTEMS"
    tools:ignore="ProtectedPermissions" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
<uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.camera" />
<uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.camera.autofocus" />

4.用到的相关的工具类

PhotoUtils:（工具类是在网上看别人的）

import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.ContentUris;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Build;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.provider.DocumentsContract;
import android.provider.MediaStore;

/**
 * @author zhengzhong on 2016/8/6 16:16
 * Email zheng_zhong@163.com
 */
public class PhotoUtils {
    private static final String TAG = "PhotoUtils";

    /**
     * @param activity    当前activity
     * @param imageUri    拍照后照片存储路径
     * @param requestCode 调用系统相机请求码
     */
    public static void takePicture(Activity activity, Uri imageUri, int requestCode) {
        //调用系统相机
        Intent intentCamera = new Intent();
        intentCamera.setAction(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);
        //将拍照结果保存至photo_file的Uri中，不保留在相册中
        intentCamera.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, imageUri);
        activity.startActivityForResult(intentCamera, requestCode);
    }

    /**
     * @param activity    当前activity
     * @param requestCode 打开相册的请求码
     */
    public static void openPic(Activity activity, int requestCode) {
        Intent photoPickerIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT);
        photoPickerIntent.setType("image/*");
        activity.startActivityForResult(photoPickerIntent, requestCode);
    }

    /**
     * @param activity    当前activity
     * @param orgUri      剪裁原图的Uri
     * @param desUri      剪裁后的图片的Uri
     * @param aspectX     X方向的比例
     * @param aspectY     Y方向的比例
     * @param width       剪裁图片的宽度
     * @param height      剪裁图片高度
     * @param requestCode 剪裁图片的请求码
     */
    public static void cropImageUri(Activity activity, Uri orgUri, Uri desUri, int aspectX, int aspectY, int width, int height, int requestCode) {
        Intent intent = new Intent("com.android.camera.action.CROP");
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.N) {
            intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION);
        }
        intent.setDataAndType(orgUri, "image/*");
        //发送裁剪信号
        intent.putExtra("crop", "true");
        intent.putExtra("aspectX", aspectX);
        intent.putExtra("aspectY", aspectY);
        intent.putExtra("outputX", width);
        intent.putExtra("outputY", height);
        intent.putExtra("scale", true);
        //将剪切的图片保存到目标Uri中
        intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, desUri);
        //1-false用uri返回图片
        //2-true直接用bitmap返回图片（此种只适用于小图片，返回图片过大会报错）
        intent.putExtra("return-data", false);
        intent.putExtra("outputFormat", Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG.toString());
        intent.putExtra("noFaceDetection", true);
        activity.startActivityForResult(intent, requestCode);
    }

    /**
     * 读取uri所在的图片
     *
     * @param uri      图片对应的Uri
     * @param mContext 上下文对象
     * @return 获取图像的Bitmap
     */
    public static Bitmap getBitmapFromUri(Uri uri, Context mContext) {
        try {
            Bitmap bitmap = MediaStore.Images.Media.getBitmap(mContext.getContentResolver(), uri);
            return bitmap;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return null;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @param context 上下文对象
     * @param uri     当前相册照片的Uri
     * @return 解析后的Uri对应的String
     */
    @SuppressLint("NewApi")
    public static String getPath(final Context context, final Uri uri) {

        final boolean isKitKat = Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT;
        String pathHead = "file:///";
        // DocumentProvider
        if (isKitKat && DocumentsContract.isDocumentUri(context, uri)) {
            // ExternalStorageProvider
            if (isExternalStorageDocument(uri)) {
                final String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
                final String[] split = docId.split(":");
                final String type = split[0];
                if ("primary".equalsIgnoreCase(type)) {
                    return pathHead + Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + "/" + split[1];
                }
            }
            // DownloadsProvider
            else if (isDownloadsDocument(uri)) {

                final String id = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);

                final Uri contentUri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(Uri.parse("content://downloads/public_downloads"), Long.valueOf(id));

                return pathHead + getDataColumn(context, contentUri, null, null);
            }
            // MediaProvider
            else if (isMediaDocument(uri)) {
                final String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
                final String[] split = docId.split(":");
                final String type = split[0];

                Uri contentUri = null;
                if ("image".equals(type)) {
                    contentUri = MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
                } else if ("video".equals(type)) {
                    contentUri = MediaStore.Video.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
                } else if ("audio".equals(type)) {
                    contentUri = MediaStore.Audio.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
                }

                final String selection = "_id=?";
                final String[] selectionArgs = new String[]{split[1]};

                return pathHead + getDataColumn(context, contentUri, selection, selectionArgs);
            }
        }
        // MediaStore (and general)
        else if ("content".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {
            return pathHead + getDataColumn(context, uri, null, null);
        }
        // File
        else if ("file".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {
            return pathHead + uri.getPath();
        }
        return null;
    }

    /**
     * Get the value of the data column for this Uri. This is useful for
     * MediaStore Uris, and other file-based ContentProviders.
     *
     * @param context       The context.
     * @param uri           The Uri to query.
     * @param selection     (Optional) Filter used in the query.
     * @param selectionArgs (Optional) Selection arguments used in the query.
     * @return The value of the _data column, which is typically a file path.
     */
    private static String getDataColumn(Context context, Uri uri, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) {

        Cursor cursor = null;
        final String column = "_data";
        final String[] projection = {column};
        try {
            cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri, projection, selection, selectionArgs, null);
            if (cursor != null && cursor.moveToFirst()) {
                final int column_index = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(column);
                return cursor.getString(column_index);
            }
        } finally {
            if (cursor != null)
                cursor.close();
        }
        return null;
    }

    /**
     * @param uri The Uri to check.
     * @return Whether the Uri authority is ExternalStorageProvider.
     */
    private static boolean isExternalStorageDocument(Uri uri) {
        return "com.android.externalstorage.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
    }

    /**
     * @param uri The Uri to check.
     * @return Whether the Uri authority is DownloadsProvider.
     */
    private static boolean isDownloadsDocument(Uri uri) {
        return "com.android.providers.downloads.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
    }

    /**
     * @param uri The Uri to check.
     * @return Whether the Uri authority is MediaProvider.
     */
    private static boolean isMediaDocument(Uri uri) {
        return "com.android.providers.media.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
    }

}

吐司的工具类：ToastUtils

public class ToastUtils
{

   private ViewGroup.LayoutParams layoutParams;

   private ToastUtils()
   {
      /* cannot be instantiated */
      throw new UnsupportedOperationException("cannot be instantiated");
   }

   public static boolean isShow = true;

   /**
    * 短时间显示Toast
    * 
    * @param context
    * @param message
    */
   public static void showShort(Context context, CharSequence message)
   {
      if (isShow)
         Toast.makeText(context, message, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
   }

   /**
    * 短时间显示Toast
    * 
    * @param context
    * @param message
    */
   public static void showShort(Context context, int message)
   {
      if (isShow)
         Toast.makeText(context, message, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
   }

   /**
    * 长时间显示Toast
    * 
    * @param context
    * @param message
    */
   public static void showLong(Context context, CharSequence message)
   {
      if (isShow)
         Toast.makeText(context, message, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
   }

   /**
    * 长时间显示Toast
    * 
    * @param context
    * @param message
    */
   public static void showLong(Context context, int message)
   {
      if (isShow)
         Toast.makeText(context, message, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
   }

   /**
    * 自定义显示Toast时间
    * 
    * @param context
    * @param message
    * @param duration
    */
   public static void show(Context context, CharSequence message, int duration)
   {
      if (isShow)
         Toast.makeText(context, message, duration).show();
   }

   /**
    * 自定义显示Toast时间
    * 
    * @param context
    * @param message
    * @param duration
    */
   public static void show(Context context, int message, int duration)
   {
      if (isShow)
         Toast.makeText(context, message, duration).show();
   }

//本人在vivo x9亲自测过，文件夹对应保存了相机拍照的照片，方便统一管理