基于nl80211接口的无线配置工具iw使用

首先， iw工具是作为iwconfig的替代者的身份出现的。iw是一个基于nl80211接口的无线配置工具，用于替代原先基于wext接口的iwconfig。

Android源码已经集成了这个工具的源码: external/iw/

项目官方文档：https://wireless.wiki.kernel.org/en/users/Documentation/iw

以下内容来自官方文档以及使用说明：

Getting device capabilities

Use the following to get device capabilities for all devices, such as band information (2.4 GHz, and 5 GHz), and 802.11n information:

iw list

Scanning

iw dev wlan0 scan

Listening to events

Just use

iw event

When debugging, it can be useful to see the auth/assoc/deauth/disassoc frames, use

iw event -f

and sometimes timing information is also useful:

iw event -t

Getting link status

To determine if you are connected to an AP or not and if you are the last TX rate used you can use the command below.

Example output when associated to a legacy (non-802.11n) AP:

iw dev wlan0 link
Connected to 04:21:b0:e8:c8:8b (on wlan0)
        SSID: attwifi
        freq: 2437
        RX: 2272 bytes (18 packets)
        TX: 232 bytes (3 packets)
        signal: -57 dBm
        tx bitrate: 36.0 MBit/s

Example output when associated to an 802.11n AP:

iw dev wlan0 link
Connected to 68:7f:74:3b:b0:01 (on wlan0)
        SSID: tesla-5g-bcm
        freq: 5745
        RX: 30206 bytes (201 packets)
        TX: 4084 bytes (23 packets)
        signal: -31 dBm
        tx bitrate: 300.0 MBit/s MCS 15 40Mhz short GI

Example output when not connected to an AP:

iw dev wlan0 link
Not connected.

This would happen if you are not connected to an AP. To connect to an AP you can use iw connect if the connection requires:

• No encryption

• Uses WEP for encryption If you need to connect to an AP with WPA or WPA2 encryption requirements then you must use wpa_supplicant.

Establishing a basic connection

You can use iw to connect to an AP directly if and only if the AP has:

• No encryption

• Uses WEP for encryption It however should be noted that if you disconnect from the AP, which can happen quite frequently on a busy environment, you will need to reissue the command. If you do not want to do this you can just use wpa_supplicant which will automatically try to reconnect you when you get disconnected.

If you do choose to deal with disconnects yourself you can use iw connect as follows.

To connect to an AP that has encryption disabled, where its SSID is foo:

iw wlan0 connect foo

Suppose you have two APs with the SSID foo, and you know the one you want to connect to is on the frequency 2432, you can specify the frequency to use:

iw wlan0 connect foo 2432

To connect to an AP that uses WEP, you can use:

iw wlan0 connect foo keys 0:abcde d:1:0011223344

Getting station statistics

To get station statistic information such as the amount of tx/rx bytes, the last TX bitrate (including MCS rate) you can do:

$ iw dev wlan1 station dump
Station 12:34:56:78:9a:bc (on wlan0)
        inactive time:  304 ms
        rx bytes:       18816
        rx packets:     75
        tx bytes:       5386
        tx packets:     21
        signal:         -29 dBm
        tx bitrate:     54.0 MBit/s

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