本例包括三张页面:
- 一个简单 HTML 表单
- 一个 XML 文件
- 一个 JavaScript 文件
- 一张 PHP 页面
<html>
<head>
<script src = "selectcd.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<form>
Select a CD:
<select name = "cds" onchange = "showCD(this.value)">
<option value = "Bob Dylan">Bob Dylan</option>
<option value = "Bee Gees">Bee Gees</option>
<option value = "Cat Stevens">Cat Stevens</option>
</select>
</form>
<p>
<div id = "txtHint"><b>CD info will be listed here.</b></div>
</p>
</body>
</html>
var xmlHttp
function showCD(str)
{
xmlHttp = GetXmlHttpObject();
if (xmlHttp == null)
{
alert ("Browser does not support HTTP Request");
return;
}
var url = "getcd.php";
url = url + "?q=" + str;
url = url + "&sid=" + Math.random();
xmlHttp.onreadystatechange = stateChanged;
xmlHttp.open("GET", url, true);
xmlHttp.send(null);
}
function stateChanged()
{
if (xmlHttp.readyState == 4 || xmlHttp.readState == "complete")
document.getElementById("txtHint").innerHTML = xmlHttp.responseText;
}
function GetXmlHttpObject()
{
var xmlHttp = null;
try
{
//Firefox, Opera 8.0+, Safari
xmlHttp = new XMLHttpRequest();
}
catch(e)
{
//Internet Explorer
try
{
xmlHttp = new ActiveXObject("Msxml2.XMLHTTP");
}
catch(e)
{
xmlHttp = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP");
}
}
return xmlHttp;
}
<?php
$q = $_GET['q'];
$xmlDoc = new DOMDocument();
$xmlDoc -> load("cd_catalog.xml");
$x = $xmlDoc -> getElementsByTagName('ARTIST');
for($i = 0; $i < $x->length; $i++)
{
if ($x->item($i)->nodeType == 1)
{
if ($x->item($i)->childNodes->item(0)->nodeValue == $q)
$y = ($x->item($i)->parentNode);
}
}
$cd = ($y->childNodes);
for ($i = 0; $i < $cd->length; $i++)
{
if ($cd ->item($i) -> nodeType == 1)
{
echo $cd -> item($i) -> nodeName;
echo (": ");
echo ($cd -> item($i) -> childNodes ->item(0) -> nodeValue);
echo ("<br/>");
}
}
?>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<!-- Edited by XMLSpy� -->
<CATALOG>
<CD>
<TITLE>Empire Burlesque</TITLE>
<ARTIST>Bob Dylan</ARTIST>
<COUNTRY>USA</COUNTRY>
<COMPANY>Columbia</COMPANY>
<PRICE>10.90</PRICE>
<YEAR>1985</YEAR>
</CD>
<CD>
<TITLE>Hide your heart</TITLE>
<ARTIST>Bonnie Tyler</ARTIST>
<COUNTRY>UK</COUNTRY>
<COMPANY>CBS Records</COMPANY>
<PRICE>9.90</PRICE>
<YEAR>1988</YEAR>
</CD>
<CD>
<TITLE>Greatest Hits</TITLE>
<ARTIST>Dolly Parton</ARTIST>
<COUNTRY>USA</COUNTRY>
<COMPANY>RCA</COMPANY>
<PRICE>9.90</PRICE>
<YEAR>1982</YEAR>
</CD>
<CD>
<TITLE>Still got the blues</TITLE>
<ARTIST>Gary Moore</ARTIST>
<COUNTRY>UK</COUNTRY>
<COMPANY>Virgin records</COMPANY>
<PRICE>10.20</PRICE>
<YEAR>1990</YEAR>
</CD>
<CD>
<TITLE>Eros</TITLE>
<ARTIST>Eros Ramazzotti</ARTIST>
<COUNTRY>EU</COUNTRY>
<COMPANY>BMG</COMPANY>
<PRICE>9.90</PRICE>
<YEAR>1997</YEAR>
</CD>
<CD>
<TITLE>One night only</TITLE>
<ARTIST>Bee Gees</ARTIST>
<COUNTRY>UK</COUNTRY>
<COMPANY>Polydor</COMPANY>
<PRICE>10.90</PRICE>
<YEAR>1998</YEAR>
</CD>
<CD>
<TITLE>Sylvias Mother</TITLE>
<ARTIST>Dr.Hook</ARTIST>
<COUNTRY>UK</COUNTRY>
<COMPANY>CBS</COMPANY>
<PRICE>8.10</PRICE>
<YEAR>1973</YEAR>
</CD>
<CD>
<TITLE>Maggie May</TITLE>
<ARTIST>Rod Stewart</ARTIST>
<COUNTRY>UK</COUNTRY>
<COMPANY>Pickwick</COMPANY>
<PRICE>8.50</PRICE>
<YEAR>1990</YEAR>
</CD>
<CD>
<TITLE>Romanza</TITLE>
<ARTIST>Andrea Bocelli</ARTIST>
<COUNTRY>EU</COUNTRY>
<COMPANY>Polydor</COMPANY>
<PRICE>10.80</PRICE>
<YEAR>1996</YEAR>
</CD>
<CD>
<TITLE>When a man loves a woman</TITLE>
<ARTIST>Percy Sledge</ARTIST>
<COUNTRY>USA</COUNTRY>
<COMPANY>Atlantic</COMPANY>
<PRICE>8.70</PRICE>
<YEAR>1987</YEAR>
</CD>
<CD>
<TITLE>Black angel</TITLE>
<ARTIST>Savage Rose</ARTIST>
<COUNTRY>EU</COUNTRY>
<COMPANY>Mega</COMPANY>
<PRICE>10.90</PRICE>
<YEAR>1995</YEAR>
</CD>
<CD>
<TITLE>1999 Grammy Nominees</TITLE>
<ARTIST>Many</ARTIST>
<COUNTRY>USA</COUNTRY>
<COMPANY>Grammy</COMPANY>
<PRICE>10.20</PRICE>
<YEAR>1999</YEAR>
</CD>
<CD>
<TITLE>For the good times</TITLE>
<ARTIST>Kenny Rogers</ARTIST>
<COUNTRY>UK</COUNTRY>
<COMPANY>Mucik Master</COMPANY>
<PRICE>8.70</PRICE>
<YEAR>1995</YEAR>
</CD>
<CD>
<TITLE>Big Willie style</TITLE>
<ARTIST>Will Smith</ARTIST>
<COUNTRY>USA</COUNTRY>
<COMPANY>Columbia</COMPANY>
<PRICE>9.90</PRICE>
<YEAR>1997</YEAR>
</CD>
<CD>
<TITLE>Tupelo Honey</TITLE>
<ARTIST>Van Morrison</ARTIST>
<COUNTRY>UK</COUNTRY>
<COMPANY>Polydor</COMPANY>
<PRICE>8.20</PRICE>
<YEAR>1971</YEAR>
</CD>
<CD>
<TITLE>The very best of</TITLE>
<ARTIST>Cat Stevens</ARTIST>
<COUNTRY>UK</COUNTRY>
<COMPANY>Island</COMPANY>
<PRICE>8.90</PRICE>
<YEAR>1990</YEAR>
</CD>
<CD>
<TITLE>Stop</TITLE>
<ARTIST>Sam Brown</ARTIST>
<COUNTRY>UK</COUNTRY>
<COMPANY>A and M</COMPANY>
<PRICE>8.90</PRICE>
<YEAR>1988</YEAR>
</CD>
<CD>
<TITLE>Bridge of Spies</TITLE>
<ARTIST>T'Pau</ARTIST>
<COUNTRY>UK</COUNTRY>
<COMPANY>Siren</COMPANY>
<PRICE>7.90</PRICE>
<YEAR>1987</YEAR>
</CD>
<CD>
<TITLE>Private Dancer</TITLE>
<ARTIST>Tina Turner</ARTIST>
<COUNTRY>UK</COUNTRY>
<COMPANY>Capitol</COMPANY>
<PRICE>8.90</PRICE>
<YEAR>1983</YEAR>
</CD>
<CD>
<TITLE>Midt om natten</TITLE>
<ARTIST>Kim Larsen</ARTIST>
<COUNTRY>EU</COUNTRY>
<COMPANY>Medley</COMPANY>
<PRICE>7.80</PRICE>
<YEAR>1983</YEAR>
</CD>
<CD>
<TITLE>Pavarotti Gala Concert</TITLE>
<ARTIST>Luciano Pavarotti</ARTIST>
<COUNTRY>UK</COUNTRY>
<COMPANY>DECCA</COMPANY>
<PRICE>9.90</PRICE>
<YEAR>1991</YEAR>
</CD>
<CD>
<TITLE>The dock of the bay</TITLE>
<ARTIST>Otis Redding</ARTIST>
<COUNTRY>USA</COUNTRY>
<COMPANY>Atlantic</COMPANY>
<PRICE>7.90</PRICE>
<YEAR>1987</YEAR>
</CD>
<CD>
<TITLE>Picture book</TITLE>
<ARTIST>Simply Red</ARTIST>
<COUNTRY>EU</COUNTRY>
<COMPANY>Elektra</COMPANY>
<PRICE>7.20</PRICE>
<YEAR>1985</YEAR>
</CD>
<CD>
<TITLE>Red</TITLE>
<ARTIST>The Communards</ARTIST>
<COUNTRY>UK</COUNTRY>
<COMPANY>London</COMPANY>
<PRICE>7.80</PRICE>
<YEAR>1987</YEAR>
</CD>
<CD>
<TITLE>Unchain my heart</TITLE>
<ARTIST>Joe Cocker</ARTIST>
<COUNTRY>USA</COUNTRY>
<COMPANY>EMI</COMPANY>
<PRICE>8.20</PRICE>
<YEAR>1987</YEAR>
</CD>
</CATALOG>
例子解释:
正如您看到的,它仅仅是一张简单的 HTML 表单,其中带有名为 "cds" 的下拉列表。
表单下面的段落包含了一个名为 "txtHint" 的 div。这个 div 用作从 web 服务器检索到的数据的占位符。
当用户选择数据时,会执行名为 "showCD" 的函数。这个函数的执行是由 "onchange" 事件触发的。
换句话说,每当用户改变了下拉列表中的值,就会调用 showCD 函数。
showCD() 函数
假如选择了下拉列表中的某个项目,则函数执行:
- 调用 GetXmlHttpObject 函数来创建 XMLHTTP 对象
- 定义发送到服务器的 URL(文件名)
- 向 URL 添加带有下拉列表内容的参数 (q)
- 添加一个随机数,以防服务器使用缓存的文件
- 当触发事件时调用 stateChanged
- 通过给定的 URL 打开 XMLHTTP 对象
- 向服务器发送 HTTP 请求
- PHP 创建 "cd_catalog.xml" 文件的 XML DOM 对象
- 循环所有 "artist" 元素 (nodetype = 1),查找与 JavaScript 所传数据向匹配的名字
- 找到 CD 包含的正确 artist
- 输出 album 的信息,并发送到 "txtHint" 占位符