【unity 代码升华篇】委托、事件全解析（一） ...
http://www.unitymanual.com/thread-25193-1-1.html
(出处: 游戏开发者社区【游戏蛮牛】unity3d官网)
1.前言
最近因为工作事情以及个人原因，搞得心情烦闷，哎...“程序是寂寞的，只有程序员能懂“她”,可惜能懂程序员的人确很少很少”
呵呵...请容许我在此小小的牢骚下.
帖子也是许久未曾更新了，首先，在此感谢大家一直对我的关注，
看过我前面帖子人大概比较清楚，我个人比较侧重代码优化、代码管理等.
所以，酝酿许久，在此还是送上一套与代码有关的东西吧！
毕竟作为程序的我们也只有”她“对你不离不弃了 ，呵呵...
后面，我会以委托、事件作为背景，通过网上资料以及自身理解由浅入深地讲述什么是委托、为什么要使用委托、事件的由来、.NET Framework 中的委托和事件、
委托中方法异常和超时的处理、委托与异步编程、委托和事件对Observer 设计模式的意义等。
为了大家更快、更好、更细的掌握，都会给出对应实例。以后坚持每天一更（至少这个系列），让大家也好有个消化时间，
也不搞回复可见了，要是大家觉得好、有帮助就给个赞。
当然，有疑问或有更好的方式都欢迎留言。ok，牢骚发完了，现在进入正题。
注：感谢@Rikimaru 指出我疏忽的一点，在本列中将用到ngui，所以大家在学习的时候，请不要忘记导入ngui
2.理解委托
通过本篇大家会学会利用委托方法来做代码提升.
具体如下：
一、 将方法作为方法的参数
我们先不管这个标题如何的绕口，也不管委托究竟是个什么东西，来看下面这两个最简单的方法，它们不过是Debug 输出一句问候的话语：
using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;
public class DelegateTest : MonoBehaviour
{
public UIButton _btn;
void Awake()
{
//使用EventDelegate注册按钮事件
EventDelegate.Add(this._btn.onClick, this.BtnClicked);
}
private void BtnClicked()
{
GreetPeople("Jack");
}
public void GreetPeople(string name)
{
// 做某些额外的事情，比如初始化之类，此处略
EnglishGreeting(name);
}
public void EnglishGreeting(string name)
{
Debug.Log("Good Morning, " + name);
}
}
代码很简单，暂且不管这两个方法有没有什么实际意义。
GreetPeople(string name)用于向某人问好，当我们传递代表某人姓名的name 参数，比如说“Jack ”，进去的时候，
在这个方法中，将调用EnglishGreeting方法，再次传递name 参数，EnglishGreeting 则输出 “Good Morning, Jack ”。
现在假设这个程序需要进行全球化，哎呀，不好了，我是中国人，我不明白“GoodMorning”是什么意思，怎么办呢？
好吧，我们再加个中文版的问候方法：
public void ChineseGreeting(string name)
{
Console.WriteLine("早上好, " + name);
}
这时候，GreetPeople 也需要改一改了，不然如何判断到底用哪个版本的Greeting 问候方法合适呢？
在进行这个之前，我们最好再定义一个枚举作为判断的依据：
public enum Language
{
English, Chinese
}
public void GreetPeople(string name, Language lang)
{
//做某些额外的事情，比如初始化之类，此处略
swith(lang)
{
case Language.English:
EnglishGreeting(name);
break;
case Language.Chinese:
ChineseGreeting(name);
break;
}
}
OK，尽管这样解决了问题，但我不说大家也很容易想到，这个解决方案的可扩展性很差，
如果日后我们需要再添加韩文版、日文版，就不得不反复修改枚举和GreetPeople()方法，以适应新的需求。
在考虑新的解决方案之前，我们先看看上面 GreetPeople 的方法签名：
//================================
public void GreetPeople(string name, Language lang)
//================================
如果大家再仔细想想，假如GreetPeople()方法
可以接受一个参数变量，这个变量可以代表另一个方法，
当我们给这个变量赋值 EnglishGreeting 的时候，它代表着 EnglsihGreeting() 这个方法；
当我们给它赋值ChineseGreeting 的时候，它又代表着ChineseGreeting()方法。
so，在此我们将这个参数变量命名为 MakeGreeting，那么不是可以如同给name 赋值时一样，在调用GreetPeople()方法的时候，
给这个MakeGreeting参数也赋上值么(ChineseGreeting或者EnglsihGreeting等)？
然后，我们在方法体内，也可以像使用别的参数一样使用MakeGreeting。但是，由于MakeGreeting 代表着一个方法，
它的使用方式应该和它被赋的方法(比如ChineseGreeting)是一样的，
比如：
//=============
MakeGreeting(name);
//=============
好了，有了思路了，我们现在就来改改GreetPeople()方法，那么它应该是这个样子了：
//====================================
public void GreetPeople(string name, xxx MakeGreeting)
{
MakeGreeting(name);
}
//=====================================
注意到
xxx ，这个位置通常放置的应该是参数的类型，但到目前为止，我们仅仅是想到应该有个可以代表方法的参数，
并按这个思路去改写GreetPeople 方法，现在就出现了一个大问题：这个代表着方法的MakeGreeting 参数应该是什么类型的？
说 明：这里已不再需要枚举了，因为在给MakeGreeting 赋值的时候动态地决定使用哪个方法，是ChineseGreeting 还是 EnglishGreeting，而在这个两个方法内部，已经对使用“Good Morning”还是“早上好”作了区分。
聪明的你应该已经想到了，现在是委托该出场的时候了，但讲述委托之前，我们再看看MakeGreeting 参数所能代表的 ChineseGreeting()和EnglishGreeting()方法的签名：
//=========================
public void EnglishGreeting(string name)
public void ChineseGreeting(string name)
//=========================
如同name 可以接受String 类型的“true”和“1”，但不能接受bool 类型的true 和int 类型的1 一样。
MakeGreeting的 参数类型定义应该能够确定 MakeGreeting 可以代表的 方法种类，再进一步讲，就是MakeGreeting 可以代表的方法 的 参数类型和返回类型。
于是，委托出现了：它定义了MakeGreeting 参数所能代表的方法的种类，也就是MakeGreeting参数的类型。
说 明：如果上面这句话比较绕口，我把它翻译成这样：string 定义了name 参数所能代表的值的种类，也就是name 参数的类型。
本例中委托的定义：
//================================
public delegate void GreetingDelegate(string name);
//================================
可以与上面EnglishGreeting()方法的签名对比一下，除了加入了delegate 关键字以外，其余的是不是完全一样？
现在，让我们再次改动GreetPeople()方法，如下所示：
public void GreetPeople(string name, GreetingDelegate MakeGreeting)
{
MakeGreeting(name);
}
如你所见，委托GreetingDelegate 出现的位置与 string 相同，string 是一个类型，那么GreetingDelegate 应该也是一个类型，或者叫类(Class)。
但是委托的声明方式和类却完全不同，这是怎么一回事？实际上，委托在编译的时候确实会编译成类。
因为
Delegate
是一个类，
所以在任何可以声明类的地方都可以声明委托。
更多的内容将在后面讲述，现在，请看看这个范例的完整代码：
<pre>using UnityEngine;[/align]
using System.Collections;
//定义委托，它定义了可以代表的方法的类型
public delegate void GreetingDelegate(string name);
public class DelegateTest : MonoBehaviour
{
public UIButton _btn;
void Awake()
{
//使用EventDelegate注册按钮事件
EventDelegate.Add(this._btn.onClick, this.BtnClicked);
}
private void BtnClicked()
{
GreetPeople("Jack",EnglishGreeting);
GreetPeople("随风去旅行",ChineseGreeting);
}
private void EnglishGreeting(string name)
{
Debug.Log("Good Morning, " + name);
}
private void ChineseGreeting(string name)
{
Debug.Log("早上好, " + name);
}
//注意此方法，它接受一个GreetingDelegate 类型的方法作为参数
public void GreetPeople(string name, GreetingDelegate MakeGreeting)
{
MakeGreeting(name);
}
}运行，输出如下：
我们现在对委托做一个总结：
委托是一个类，它定义了方法的类型，使得可以将方法当作另一个方法的参数来进行传递，这种将方法动态地赋给参数的做法，
可以避免在程序中大量使用If … Else(Switch)语句，同时使得程序具有更好的可扩展性哟。
二、将方法绑定到委托
看到这里，是不是有那么点如梦初醒的感觉？于是，大家是不是在想：
而既然委托 GreetingDelegate 和类型 string 的地位一样，都是定义了一种参数类型，那么，我是不是也可以这么使用委托？
行，说干就干，在此修改下按钮点击事件中的代码：
<pre>private void BtnClicked()
{
//GreetPeople("Jack",EnglishGreeting);
//GreetPeople("随风去旅行",ChineseGreeting);
GreetingDelegate delegate1, delegate2;
delegate1 = EnglishGreeting;
delegate2 = ChineseGreeting;
GreetPeople("Jack", delegate1);
GreetPeople("随风去旅行", delegate2);
}如你所料，这样是没有问题的，程序一如预料的那样输出。
当调用这个委托的时候，将依次调用其所绑定的方法。
在这个例子中，继续修改语法如下：
<div class="line number1 index0 alt2" style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: 13.1875px; font-family: Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; color: rgb(105, 105, 105); border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; background-image: none !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; float: none !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 5px 0px 5px 10px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; min-height: inherit !important; white-space: pre !important;"><code class="csharp keyword" style="word-wrap: break-word; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; 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line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; font-family: Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace !important; min-height: inherit !important; color: black !important;">BtnClicked()</code></div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1" style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: 13.1875px; font-family: Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; color: rgb(105, 105, 105); border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; background-image: none !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; float: none !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 5px 0px 5px 10px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; min-height: inherit !important; white-space: pre !important;"><code class="csharp spaces" style="word-wrap: break-word; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; background-image: none !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; float: none !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; font-family: Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace !important; min-height: inherit !important;"> </code><code class="csharp plain" style="word-wrap: break-word; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; background-image: none !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; float: none !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; font-family: Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace !important; min-height: inherit !important; color: black !important;">{</code></div><div class="line number3 index2 alt2" style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: 13.1875px; font-family: Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; color: rgb(105, 105, 105); border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; background-image: none !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; float: none !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 5px 0px 5px 10px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; min-height: inherit !important; white-space: pre !important;"><code class="csharp spaces" style="word-wrap: break-word; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; 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margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; font-family: Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace !important; min-height: inherit !important; color: rgb(0, 130, 0) !important;">//GreetPeople("Jack",EnglishGreeting);</code></div><div class="line number4 index3 alt1" style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: 13.1875px; font-family: Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; color: rgb(105, 105, 105); border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; background-image: none !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; float: none !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; 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box-sizing: content-box !important; font-family: Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace !important; min-height: inherit !important;"> </code><code class="csharp comments" style="word-wrap: break-word; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; background-image: none !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; float: none !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; font-family: Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace !important; min-height: inherit !important; color: rgb(0, 130, 0) !important;">//GreetPeople("随风去旅行",ChineseGreeting);</code></div><div class="line number5 index4 alt2" style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: 13.1875px; font-family: Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; color: rgb(105, 105, 105); border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; background-image: none !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; float: none !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 5px 0px 5px 10px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; min-height: inherit !important; white-space: pre !important;"><code class="csharp spaces" style="word-wrap: break-word; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; background-image: none !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; float: none !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; font-family: Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace !important; min-height: inherit !important;"> </code><code class="csharp plain" style="word-wrap: break-word; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; background-image: none !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; float: none !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; font-family: Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace !important; min-height: inherit !important; color: black !important;">GreetingDelegate delegate1;</code></div><div class="line number6 index5 alt1" style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: 13.1875px; font-family: Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; color: rgb(105, 105, 105); border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; background-image: none !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; float: none !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 5px 0px 5px 10px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; min-height: inherit !important; white-space: pre !important;"><code class="csharp spaces" style="word-wrap: break-word; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; background-image: none !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; float: none !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; font-family: Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace !important; min-height: inherit !important;"> </code><code class="csharp plain" style="word-wrap: break-word; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; background-image: none !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; float: none !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; font-family: Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace !important; min-height: inherit !important; color: black !important;">delegate1 = EnglishGreeting; </code><code class="csharp comments" style="word-wrap: break-word; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; background-image: none !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; float: none !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; font-family: Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace !important; min-height: inherit !important; color: rgb(0, 130, 0) !important;">// 先给委托类型的变量赋值</code></div><div class="line number7 index6 alt2" style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: 13.1875px; font-family: Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; color: rgb(105, 105, 105); border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; background-image: none !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; float: none !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 5px 0px 5px 10px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; min-height: inherit !important; white-space: pre !important;"><code class="csharp spaces" style="word-wrap: break-word; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; background-image: none !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; float: none !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; font-family: Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace !important; min-height: inherit !important;"> </code><code class="csharp plain" style="word-wrap: break-word; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; background-image: none !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; float: none !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; font-family: Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace !important; min-height: inherit !important; color: black !important;">delegate1 += ChineseGreeting; </code><code class="csharp comments" style="word-wrap: break-word; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; background-image: none !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; float: none !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; font-family: Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace !important; min-height: inherit !important; color: rgb(0, 130, 0) !important;">// 给此委托变量再绑定一个方法</code></div><div class="line number8 index7 alt1" style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: 13.1875px; font-family: Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; color: rgb(105, 105, 105); border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; background-image: none !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; float: none !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 5px 0px 5px 10px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; min-height: inherit !important; white-space: pre !important;"><code class="csharp spaces" style="word-wrap: break-word; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; background-image: none !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; float: none !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; font-family: Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace !important; min-height: inherit !important;"> </code><code class="csharp comments" style="word-wrap: break-word; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; background-image: none !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; float: none !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; font-family: Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace !important; min-height: inherit !important; color: rgb(0, 130, 0) !important;">// 将调用 EnglishGreeting 方法，后调用 ChineseGreeting 方法</code></div><div class="line number9 index8 alt2" style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: 13.1875px; font-family: Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; color: rgb(105, 105, 105); border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; background-image: none !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; float: none !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 5px 0px 5px 10px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; min-height: inherit !important; white-space: pre !important;"><code class="csharp spaces" style="word-wrap: break-word; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; background-image: none !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; float: none !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; font-family: Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace !important; min-height: inherit !important;"> </code><code class="csharp plain" style="word-wrap: break-word; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; background-image: none !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; float: none !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; font-family: Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace !important; min-height: inherit !important; color: black !important;">GreetPeople(</code><code class="csharp string" style="word-wrap: break-word; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; background-image: none !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; float: none !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; font-family: Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace !important; min-height: inherit !important; color: blue !important;">"Jack"</code><code class="csharp plain" style="word-wrap: break-word; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; background-image: none !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; float: none !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; font-family: Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace !important; min-height: inherit !important; color: black !important;">, delegate1);</code></div><div class="line number10 index9 alt1" style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: 13.1875px; font-family: Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; color: rgb(105, 105, 105); border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; background-image: none !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; float: none !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 5px 0px 5px 10px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; min-height: inherit !important; white-space: pre !important;"><code class="csharp plain" style="word-wrap: break-word; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; background-image: none !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; float: none !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; font-family: Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace !important; min-height: inherit !important; color: black !important;">}</code></div>
运行如下：
实际上，我们可以也可以绕过 GreetPeople 方法，通过委托来直接调用 EnglishGreeting 和 ChineseGreeting，修改如下：
<pre>using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;
//定义委托，它定义了可以代表的方法的类型
public delegate void GreetingDelegate(string name);
public class DelegateTest : MonoBehaviour
{
public UIButton _btn;
void Awake()
{
//使用EventDelegate注册按钮事件
EventDelegate.Add(this._btn.onClick, this.BtnClicked);
}
private void BtnClicked()
{
//GreetPeople("Jack",EnglishGreeting);
//GreetPeople("随风去旅行",ChineseGreeting);
GreetingDelegate delegate1;
delegate1 = EnglishGreeting; // 先给委托类型的变量赋值
delegate1 += ChineseGreeting; // 给此委托变量再绑定一个方法
// 将先后调用 EnglishGreeting 与 ChineseGreeting 方法
delegate1("Jack");
}
private void EnglishGreeting(string name)
{
Debug.Log("Good Morning, " + name);
}
private void ChineseGreeting(string name)
{
Debug.Log("早上好, " + name);
}
//注意此方法，它接受一个GreetingDelegate 类型的方法作为参数
public void GreetPeople(string name, GreetingDelegate MakeGreeting)
{
MakeGreeting(name);
}
}
说 明：
注意这里，第一次用的“ = ”，是赋值的语法；第二次，用的是“ += ”，是绑定的语法。
如果第一次就使用“ += ”，将出现“使用了未赋值的局部变量”的编译错误。
我们也可以使用下面的代码来这样简化这一过程：
//============================================
GreetingDelegate delegate1 = newGreetingDelegate(EnglishGreeting);
delegate1 += ChineseGreeting; // 给此委托变量再绑定一个方法
//============================================
看到这里，应该注意到，这段代码第一条语句与实例化一个类是何其的相似，大家不禁想到，
上面第一次绑定委托时不可以使用“ += ”的编译错误，或许可以用这样的方法来避免：
//=========================================
GreetingDelegate delegate1 = newGreetingDelegate();
delegate1 += EnglishGreeting; // 这次用的是“+=”，绑定语法。
delegate1 += ChineseGreeting; // 给此委托变量再绑定一个方法
// =========================================
呵呵，但实际上，这样会出现编译错误：
“GreetingDelegate”方法没有采用“0
”个参数的重载。
尽管这样的结果让我们觉得有点沮丧，
但是编译的提示：“没有
0
个参数的重载”再次让我们联想到了类的构造函数。
我知道大家一定按捺不住想探个究竟，但再此之前，我们需要先把基础知识和应用介绍完。
既然给
委托可以绑定一个方法，那么也应该有办法取消对方法的绑定，很容易想到，这个语法是“-=”，修改如下：
<pre>using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;
//定义委托，它定义了可以代表的方法的类型
public delegate void GreetingDelegate(string name);
public class DelegateTest : MonoBehaviour
{
public UIButton _btn;
void Awake()
{
//使用EventDelegate注册按钮事件
EventDelegate.Add(this._btn.onClick, this.BtnClicked);
}
private void BtnClicked()
{
GreetingDelegate delegate1 = new GreetingDelegate(EnglishGreeting);
// 给此委托变量再绑定一个方法
delegate1 += ChineseGreeting;
// 将先后调用 EnglishGreeting 与 ChineseGreeting 方法
GreetPeople("Jack", delegate1);
delegate1 -= EnglishGreeting;
Debug.Log("取消对EnglishGreeting 方法的绑定");
// 将仅调用 ChineseGreeting
GreetPeople("随风去旅行", delegate1);
}
private void EnglishGreeting(string name)
{
Debug.Log("Good Morning, " + name);
}
private void ChineseGreeting(string name)
{
Debug.Log("早上好, " + name);
}
//注意此方法，它接受一个GreetingDelegate 类型的方法作为参数
public void GreetPeople(string name, GreetingDelegate MakeGreeting)
{
MakeGreeting(name);
}
}运行如下：
好了，让我们再次对委托作个总结：
使用委托可以将多个方法绑定到同一个委托变量，当调用此变量时(这里用“调用”这个词，是因为此变量代表一个方法)，可以依次调用所有绑定的方法。
委托，就先讲到这里啦，大家不妨试试？
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