第7讲 Android网络与数据存储

第7讲 Android网络与数据存储

项目要求：做一个天气应用

a)  参考接口：http://www.weather.com.cn/data/list3/city.xml

b)  考察内容：获取数据，解析JSON

c)  数据缓存在数据库中，使用SharedPreferences来处理，采用手动刷新数据。

7.1 项目总体结构

为了规范代码，进行了如下的分包。

7.2 创建数据库与表

db 包下文件分别是创建数据库和对数据库的操作：数据库结构如下图

省份表

选中的城市表

 

选中的区县表

对数据库常用操作封装类结构如下：

/**
 * Created by Administrator on 2016/6/20.
 */
public class WeatherDB {
    //定义数据库名
    public static final String DB_NAME ="weather";
    //定义数据库版本号
    public static finalint VERSION =1;
    //定义类对象
    private static WeatherDB sWeatherDB;
    //定义数据库对象
    private SQLiteDatabase db;

    //私有化构造方法
    private WeatherDB(Contextcontext) {
        WeatherOpenHelper dbHelper = new WeatherOpenHelper (context, DB_NAME, null, VERSION );
        db = dbHelper.getReadableDatabase( );
    }
    //实例化类对象

    public synchronizedstatic WeatherDB getInstance(Context context) {
        if (sWeatherDB == null) {
            sWeatherDB = new WeatherDB ( context);
        }
        return sWeatherDB;
    }
    //将province省份存储到数据库
    public void saveprovince(Provinceprovince) {
        if (province != null) {
            ContentValues values = new ContentValues ( );
            values.put ( "province_name",province.getProvinceName ( ) );
            values.put ( "province_code",province.getProvinceCode ( ) );
            db.insert ( "Province",null, values );
        }

    }
    //从数据库读取全国所有的省份信息
    public List<Province>loadProvinces() {
        List<Province> list = new ArrayList<Province>( );
        Cursor cursor = db.query ( "Province",null, null,null, null,null, null);
        while (cursor.moveToNext ()) {
            Province province = new Province ( );
            province.setId (cursor.getInt ( cursor.getColumnIndex ( "id") ) );
            province.setProvinceName(cursor.getString ( cursor.getColumnIndex ( "province_name") )  );
            province.setProvinceCode (cursor.getString ( cursor.getColumnIndex ( "province_code") ) );
            //Log.i("FXC","从数据库读取全国所有的省份信息"+province.getProvinceName ());
            list.add ( province);

        }

        if (cursor != null) {
            cursor.close ( );
        }
        return list;
    }
    //将city城市存储到数据库
   public void savecity(City city) {

        if (city != null) {
            ContentValues values = new ContentValues ( );
            values.put ( "city_name", city.getCityName () );
            values.put ( "city_code", city.getCityCode () );
            values.put ( "province_id", city.getProvinceId( ) );
            db.insert ( "City",null, values );
        }
    }
    //从数据库读取指定省份城市信息
    public List<City>loadCities(intprovinceId) {
        List<City> list = new ArrayList<City>( );
        Cursor cursor = db.query ( "City",null, null,null, null,null, null);
        while (cursor.moveToNext ()) {
            City city = new City ( );
            city.setId ( cursor.getInt (cursor.getColumnIndex ( "id") ) );
            city.setCityName (cursor.getString ( cursor.getColumnIndex ( "city_name") ) );
            city.setCityCode (cursor.getString ( cursor.getColumnIndex ( "city_code") ) );
            city.setProvinceId (cursor.getInt ( cursor.getColumnIndex ( "province_id") ) );
            list.add ( city );
        }

        if (cursor != null) {
            cursor.close ( );
        }
        return list;
    }
    //将city城市下一级区县存储到数据库
    public void savecounty(Countycounty) {

        if (county != null) {
            ContentValues values = new ContentValues ( );
            values.put ( "county_name",county.getcountyName () );
            values.put ( "county_code",county.getcountyCode () );
            values.put ( "city_id", county.getCityId () );
            db.insert ( "County",null, values );
        }
    }
    //从数据库读取city城市下一级区县信息
    public List<County>loadCounties(intcityId) {
        List<County> list = new ArrayList<County>( );
        Cursor cursor = db.query ( "County",null, null,null, null,null, null);
        while (cursor.moveToNext ()) {
            County county = new County ( );
            county.setId ( cursor.getInt( cursor.getColumnIndex ( "id") ) );
            county.setcountyName (cursor.getString ( cursor.getColumnIndex ( "county_name") ) );
            county.setcountyCode (cursor.getString ( cursor.getColumnIndex ( "county_code") ));
            county.setCityId (cursor.getInt ( cursor.getColumnIndex ( "city_id") ));
            list.add ( county );
        }

        if (cursor != null) {
            cursor.close ( );
        }
        return list;
    }
    //删除城市数据
    public void delete_city(){
        db.delete("City",null,null);
    }
   // 删除区县数据
   public void delete_county(){
       db.delete("County",null,null);
   }
}

7.3 创建model

在该包下对数据库的每一个表创建一个实体类，主要是写一些数据库表对应字段的常用的get  或set 方法

7.4 服务器交互

全国所有省市区县的数据都是从服务器获取到的。解析的规则就是先按逗号分隔，再按单竖线分隔，接着将解析出来的数据设置到实体类中，然后调用数据库操作封装类中相应的方法存储到数据库相应表中。

部分实例如下：

if(!TextUtils.isEmpty ( response )){
    String [] allProvinces=response.split ( "," );
    if(allProvinces!=null && allProvinces.length>0){
        for(String p:allProvinces){
            String [] array=p.split ( "\\|" );
            Province province=new Province ();
            province.setProvinceCode ( array[0] );
            province.setProvinceName ( array[1] );
          //  Log.i("FXC","解析出来的省份是"+array[1]);
            weatherDB.saveprovince ( province );
        }
        return true;
    }
}

 

 

连接服务器代码如下：

URL url=new URL(address);
connection= (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection ();
connection.setRequestMethod ( "GET" );
connection.setConnectTimeout ( 8000 );
connection.setReadTimeout ( 8000 );
InputStream in=connection.getInputStream ();
BufferedReader reader=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader ( in ));

 

7.5 MainActivity主活动

主要是获取列表等控件，按要求去读取本地数据库，若无数据则连接服务器。以获取城市数据为例。

//查询全国所有的市，优先从数据库查询，如果没有查询到再去服务器上查询
private void queryCities(){
    if(flag==true){
   if(selectprovince.getProvinceName ().equals ( selectedprovince.getProvinceName () )) {

       mCityList =mWeatherDB.loadCities ( selectprovince.getId () );
    if(mCityList.size ()>0){
        dataList.clear ();
        for(City city:mCityList){
            dataList.add(city.getCityName ());
        }
        mAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged ();
        listview.setSelection ( 0 );
        titletext.setText (selectprovince.getProvinceName () );
        currentLevel=LEVEL_CITY;
    }}}else {
        if(flag==false)mWeatherDB.delete_city ();//删除库中旧的数据
        queryFromServer(selectprovince.getProvinceCode (),"city");//连接服务器获取新数据
        flag=true;
       selectedprovince=selectprovince;
    }
}

 

7.6 获取天气

{"weatherinfo":{"city":"吴中","cityid":"101190405","temp1":"19℃","temp2":"11℃","weather":"小雨","img1":"d7.gif","img2":"n7.gif","ptime":"08:00"}}

JSONObject jsonObject=new JSONObject( response);
JSONObject weatherInfo=jsonObject.getJSONObject ( "weatherinfo" );
String cityName=weatherInfo.getString ( "city" );
String weatherCode=weatherInfo.getString ( "cityid" );
String temp1=weatherInfo.getString ( "temp1" );
String temp2=weatherInfo.getString ( "temp2" );
String weatherDesp=weatherInfo.getString ( "weather" );
String publishTime=weatherInfo.getString ( "ptime" );
savaWeatherInfo(context,cityName,weatherCode,temp1,temp2,weatherDesp,publishTime);