Ubuntu换apt源的操作 18.04
Ubuntu换源的意义和目的
Ubuntu自带包管理器apt,但是由于众所周知的原因,国内通过apt默认的源下载/更新软件相当慢。更换apt使用国内的镜像源可以使更新更快更稳定,这是Ubuntu换源最主要的目的。
Ubuntu换源的步骤
笔者自己的Ubuntu版本是18.04 但其他版本的操作也类似,以下不再解释具体区别。
- 步骤一:备份原来的源配置文件,以防万一
(此步骤非必须但有备无患,嘻嘻)
sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources_init.list
- 步骤二:打开源的配置文件
sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list
- 步骤三:替换源的配置文件中的内容,并保存
#中科大源
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# 阿里源
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial universe
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates universe
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security universe
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security universe
- 步骤四:更新源的配置文件
sudo apt-get update
- 步骤五:修复损坏的包,重新安装新的
(此步骤非必须,笔者由于是新装的Ubuntu故没有操作)
sudo apt-get -f install
- 步骤六:更新换源之后的各种软件
sudo apt-get upgrade
【彩蛋】Ubuntu默认使用python3(别名方法)
直接在bashrc文件中增加一个python3的别名即可
echo alias python=python3 >> ~/.bashrc
source ~/.bashrc