KVM初步安装与网络配置

1.虚拟机上打开Intel VT-x or AMD-V支持

 

 

 

 

 

2.安装kvm
  yum -y install kvm python-virtinst libvirt  bridge-utils virt-manager qemu-kvm-tools  virt-viewer  virt-v2v
  如果只是使用命令行管理kvm，可以只安装yum install -y qemu-kvm libvirt virt-install

 

3.lsmod|grep kvm
  没有可以手动加载：
  modprobe kvm
  modprobe kvm-intel

 

 

  

 

4.查看版本信息：

 

   virt-install --version
   virsh --version

 

 

5.启动service libvirtd start

 

6.打开system tools->virtual machine manager,创建一个vm

 

 

图形化界面，一步一步往下和在vmware上安装一个虚机步骤类似

 

7.安装完后，可以查看虚拟硬盘等信息：

 

 

8.

 

 

9.登录新建的vm：

 

 

10.查看kvm的进程：

 

11：KVM的网络，默认安装是NAT模式：
1>查看etc/libvirt/qemu/yo.xml
    ce type="network">
    mac address="52:54:00:0e:7c:0d"/>
   <source network="default"/>

[root@yaya libvirt]# virsh net-list --all
Name                 State      Autostart     Persistent
--------------------------------------------------
default              active     yes           yes

 

2>宿主机上ip addr的输出：

4: virbr0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN 
    link/ether 52:54:00:3d:11:65 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.122.1/24 brd 192.168.122.255 scope global virbr0
5: virbr0-nic: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN qlen 500
    link/ether 52:54:00:3d:11:65 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
13: vnet0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UNKNOWN qlen 500
    link/ether fe:54:00:0e:7c:0d brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet6 fe80::fc54:ff:fe0e:7c0d/64 scope link

3>宿主机上查看网桥：
[root@yaya libvirt]# brctl show
bridge name bridge id        STP enabled interfaces
pan0  8000.000000000000  no  
virbr0  8000.5254003d1165 yes  virbr0-nic
                                                     vnet0

4>宿主机上防火墙规则自动被添加，宿主机上对来自guest的包的转发和SNAT把guest的地址转换成宿主机的可用地址访问外网

[root@yaya Desktop]# iptables -nvL -t nat
Chain POSTROUTING (policy ACCEPT 242 packets, 16589 bytes)
 pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source               destination         
    0     0 MASQUERADE  tcp  --  *      *       192.168.122.0/24    !192.168.122.0/24    masq ports: 1024-65535 
    0     0 MASQUERADE  udp  --  *      *       192.168.122.0/24    !192.168.122.0/24    masq ports: 1024-65535 
    0     0 MASQUERADE  all  --  *      *       192.168.122.0/24    !192.168.122.0/24    

[root@yaya Desktop]# iptables -nvL 
Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT 14865 packets, 13M bytes)
 pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source               destination         
    5   311 ACCEPT     udp  --  virbr0 *       0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0           udp dpt:53 
    0     0 ACCEPT     tcp  --  virbr0 *       0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0           tcp dpt:53 
Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes)
 pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source               destination         
    0     0 ACCEPT     all  --  *      virbr0  0.0.0.0/0            192.168.122.0/24    state RELATED,ESTABLISHED 
    0     0 ACCEPT     all  --  virbr0 *       192.168.122.0/24     0.0.0.0/0           
    0     0 ACCEPT     all  --  virbr0 virbr0  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0           
    0     0 REJECT     all  --  *      virbr0  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0           reject-with icmp-port-unreachable 
    0     0 REJECT     all  --  virbr0 *       0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0           reject-with icmp-port-unreachable 

12:手动修改成bridge模式：

1>[root@yaya network-scripts]# cp ifcfg-eth0 ifcfg-br0
ifcfg-eth0的内容：
DEVICE=eth0
HWADDR=00:0c:29:86:a3:60
TYPE=Ethernet
UUID=a7cd0a6d-0e88-48fb-b15b-99291bb11127
ONBOOT=yes
NM_CONTROLLED=yes
BOOTPROTO=dhcp
USERCTL=no
PEERDNS=yes
IPV6INIT=no
BRIDGE=br0

 

ifcfg-br0的内容：
DEVICE=br0
TYPE=Bridge
ONBOOT=yes
NM_CONTROLLED=no
BOOTPROTO=static
IPADDR=192.168.0.109
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
GATEWAY=192.168.0.1
USERCTL=no
PEERDNS=yes
IPV6INIT=no

 

2>service network start
Bringing up interface eth0:  Error: Connection activation failed: Master connection not found or invalid
                                                           [FAILED]
解决办法是：
[root@yaya network-scripts]# service NetworkManager stop

 

3>宿主机上查看：

[root@yaya Desktop]# brctl show
bridge name	bridge id		STP enabled	interfaces
br0		8000.000c2986a360	no		eth0
pan0		8000.000000000000	no		
virbr0		8000.5254003d1165	yes		virbr0-nic
[root@yaya Desktop]# 

[root@yaya Desktop]# route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface
192.168.0.0     0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0 br0
192.168.122.0   0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0 virbr0
169.254.0.0     0.0.0.0         255.255.0.0     U     1015   0        0 br0
0.0.0.0         192.168.0.1     0.0.0.0         UG    0      0        0 br0

 

4.vm选择新建的网桥并重启：

 

 

可见网络和宿主机同一网段，由此见KVM的NAT和Bridge和Vmware的模式类似的

 

5>宿主机再次查看网桥：

[root@yaya Desktop]# brctl show
bridge name	bridge id		STP enabled	interfaces
br0		8000.000c2986a360	no		eth0
							vnet0
pan0		8000.000000000000	no		
virbr0		8000.5254003d1165	yes		virbr0-nic
[root@yaya Desktop]#