Ios 运行时机制

1. 相关头文件
   

   #import <objc/runtime.h>
   

       //获取cls中所有成员变量

       class_copyIvarList(<#__unsafe_unretained Class cls#>, <#unsigned int *outCount#>)

       //获取cls类中所有方法

       class_copyMethodList(<#__unsafe_unretained Class cls#>, <#unsigned int *outCount#>)

       //获取类方法 +号开头

       class_getClassMethod(<#__unsafe_unretained Class cls#>, <#SEL name#>)

       //获取实例发放 -号开头

       class_getInstanceMethod(<#__unsafe_unretained Class cls#>, <#SEL name#>)

       method_exchangeImplementations(<#Method m1#>, <#Method m2#>)

   
   
   
   

   #import <objc/message.h>

   objc_msgSend(<#id self#>, <#SEL op, ...#>)

   
   
2. 功能
   2.1 交换两个方法的实现 (要注意是调用实例方法还是类方法)
   

      Method method1 =class_getInstanceMethod([Studentclass],@selector(run));
      Method method2 = class_getInstanceMethod([Studentclass], @selector(study));
       method_exchangeImplementations(method1, method2);
      Student *student = [[Studentalloc] init];
       [studentrun];
       [studentstudy];

   
   
   

   2.2 Ios消息方法调用,消息机制

    

   Student *stu = [[Studentalloc] init];
       //注意：若报Too many arguments to function call, expected 0, have 3错误,targets->build Setting,搜索msg设置为NO;

   
      objc_msgSend(stu,@selector(setAge:),20);
       
      NSLog(@"%d",stu.age);

   
   

   2.3 遍历类中所有成员变量

   //遍历类中所有成员变量
      
   -(void)getIvarList{
      unsigned int count=0;
      Ivar *ivars =  class_copyIvarList([Studentclass], &count);
      NSLog(@"%d---%p",count,ivars);
      for (int i=0; i<count; i++) {
          Ivar ivar = ivars[i];
          const char *name =ivar_getName(ivar); //变量名称
          const char *type =ivar_getTypeEncoding(ivar);//变量类型
          NSLog(@"%d - %s - %s",i,name,type);
       }
   }

   
   
   

   
   

   打印结果：

   2016-04-19 17:38:30.095 001-RunTime[1732:60419] 0 - _age - i

   2016-04-19 17:38:30.095 001-RunTime[1732:60419] 1 - _name - @"NSString"

   2016-04-19 17:38:30.095 001-RunTime[1732:60419] 2 - _score - d