本文将介绍如何使用 Mercury 语言来破解滑块验证码。Mercury 是一门逻辑编程语言,具备高效的性能和强大的推理能力。我们将通过下载验证码图片、计算滑块的移动距离以及生成滑动轨迹,来完成破解滑块验证码的完整流程。
1. 下载验证码图片
首先,使用 Mercury 语言的 io 库实现从指定 URL 下载验证码的背景和滑块图片。以下是下载图片的代码实现。
mercury
:- module captcha_downloader.
:- interface.
:- import_module io.
:- pred download_image(string::in, string::in, io::di, io::uo) is det.
:- implementation.
:- import_module http_client, string, file.
download_image(Url, FileName, !IO) :-
http_client.get_url(Url, Result, !IO),
(
Result = ok(Response),
string.to_file(Response, FileName, !IO),
io.format("Downloaded %s to %s\n", [s(Url), s(FileName)], !IO)
;
Result = error(Error),
io.format("Failed to download %s: %s\n", [s(Url), s(error_message(Error))], !IO)
).
2. 计算滑块需要移动的距离
使用 Mercury 语言中的列表操作,我们可以读取背景图片和滑块图片,并逐像素对比两者以计算滑块需要移动的距离。
mercury
:- module captcha_solver.
:- interface.
:- import_module io.
:- pred calculate_distance(string::in, string::in, int::out, io::di, io::uo) is det.
:- implementation.
:- import_module bitmap, int, list.
calculate_distance(BackgroundFile, ForegroundFile, Distance, !IO) :-
bitmap.read_bitmap(BackgroundFile, BgImage, !IO),
bitmap.read_bitmap(ForegroundFile, FgImage, !IO),
(
BgImage = ok(BgBitmap),
FgImage = ok(FgBitmap),
compare_images(BgBitmap, FgBitmap, Distance)
;
( BgImage = error(_), FgImage = error(_) ),
Distance = 0
).
:- pred compare_images(bitmap.bitmap::in, bitmap.bitmap::in, int::out) is det.
compare_images(BgBitmap, FgBitmap, Distance) :-
compare_pixels(BgBitmap, FgBitmap, 0, Distance).
:- pred compare_pixels(bitmap.bitmap::in, bitmap.bitmap::in, int::in, int::out) is det.
compare_pixels(BgBitmap, FgBitmap, Index, Distance) :-
% 假设横向对比,找到第一个不同的像素
bitmap.width(BgBitmap, Width),
bitmap.height(BgBitmap, Height),
( if Index < Width then
bitmap.get_pixel(BgBitmap, Index, 0, BgPixel),
bitmap.get_pixel(FgBitmap, Index, 0, FgPixel),
( if BgPixel = FgPixel then
compare_pixels(BgBitmap, FgBitmap, Index + 1, Distance)
else
Distance = Index
)
else
Distance = 0
).
3. 生成滑动轨迹
我们根据计算出来的滑块移动距离生成一个模仿人类行为的滑动轨迹。
mercury
:- module track_generator.
:- interface.
:- import_module list, io.
:- pred generate_track(int::in, list(int)::out) is det.
:- implementation.
generate_track(Distance, Track) :-
generate_steps(0, Distance, [], Track).
:- pred generate_steps(int::in, int::in, list(int)::in, list(int)::out) is det.
generate_steps(Current, Distance, Acc, Track) :-
( if Current < Distance then
Step = min(Distance - Current, 5),
NewPos = Current + Step,
generate_steps(NewPos, Distance, [NewPos | Acc], Track)
else
reverse(Acc, Track)
).
4. 发送验证请求
接下来,我们编写发送 HTTP 请求的代码,将生成的轨迹数据和滑块移动距离发送到服务器进行验证。
mercury
:- module captcha_verifier.
:- interface.
:- import_module io, list.
:- pred send_verification(int::in, list(int)::in, io::di, io::uo) is det.
:- implementation.
:- import_module string, http_client.
send_verification(Distance, Track, !IO) :-
TrackStr = string.join_list(",", list.map(int_to_string, Track)),
PostData = format("distance=%d&track=%s", [i(Distance), s(TrackStr)]),
http_client.post_url("http://captcha.com/verify", PostData, Result, !IO),
( Result = ok(Response),
io.write_string(Response, !IO)
;
Result = error(Error),
io.write_string(error_message(Error), !IO)
).
5. 主程序
最后,我们将上述各个模块整合到一个主程序中,完成整个验证码破解流程。
mercury
:- module main.
:- interface.
:- import_module io.
:- pred main(io::di, io::uo) is det.
:- implementation.
:- import_module captcha_downloader, captcha_solver, track_generator, captcha_verifier, list.
main(!IO) :-
% 下载验证码图片
download_image("http://captcha.com/bg.png", "bg.png", !IO),
download_image("http://captcha.com/fg.png", "fg.png", !IO),
% 计算滑块移动距离
calculate_distance("bg.png", "fg.png", Distance, !IO),
% 生成滑动轨迹
generate_track(Distance, Track),
% 发送验证请求
send_verification(Distance, Track, !IO).