Android 版本更新下载自动安装APK，并解决Android6.0安装失败的问题

现在APP都有版本更新的功能，有的是跳转到浏览器进行下载，感觉比较麻烦，用户体验也不好，简便的方法就是直接下载安装即可。即使用Android自带的DownManager，通过启动一个后台服务进行下载，下载完成之后以广播的形式通知用户安装，方便很多。

比较闹心的还是6.0权限的问题，下载安装需要一个路径，也就需要读写SD卡权限，不过发现一个问题就是：如果自己不定义一个路径，6.0手机下载完成之后，并没有出现安装的界面，只有自己设置了路径才正常。。。

activity跳转到service进行下载

private Intent updataService ;
private static int REQUESTPERMISSION = 110 ;
public void upData(){
   updataService = new Intent(SplashActivity.this,  UpdataService.class);
   updataService.putExtra("downloadurl",version.url);
   if(ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this,Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){
//申请权限    
    ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[]{Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE}, REQUESTPERMISSION);    
    CommonToast.showToast("请允许权限进行下载安装");
   }else{    
       startService(updataService);
   }
}
@Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, String[] permissions, int[] grantResults) {
    super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);    
    if(requestCode==REQUESTPERMISSION){ 
         if(permissions[0].equals(Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE)){
            if (grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){
                if(updataService!=null)
                     startService(updataService);
             }else{
//提示没有权限，安装不了咯
            }
         }
    }
}

updataService 类直接拿来用

public class UpdataService extends Service {
    /**
     * 安卓系统下载类
     **/
    private DownloadManager manager;
    /**
     * 接收下载完的广播
     **/
    private DownloadCompleteReceiver receiver;
    private String url;
    private String DOWNLOADPATH = "/apk/";//下载路径，如果不定义自己的路径，6.0的手机不自动安装

    /**
     * 初始化下载器
     **/
    private void initDownManager() {
        manager = (DownloadManager) getSystemService(DOWNLOAD_SERVICE);
        receiver = new DownloadCompleteReceiver();
        //设置下载地址
        DownloadManager.Request down = new DownloadManager.Request(Uri.parse(url));
        // 设置允许使用的网络类型，这里是移动网络和wifi都可以
        down.setAllowedNetworkTypes(DownloadManager.Request.NETWORK_MOBILE
                | DownloadManager.Request.NETWORK_WIFI);
        down.setAllowedOverRoaming(false);
        MimeTypeMap mimeTypeMap = MimeTypeMap.getSingleton();
        String mimeString = mimeTypeMap.getMimeTypeFromExtension(MimeTypeMap.getFileExtensionFromUrl(url));
        down.setMimeType(mimeString);
        // 下载时，通知栏显示途中
        down.setNotificationVisibility(DownloadManager.Request.VISIBILITY_VISIBLE);
        // 显示下载界面
        down.setVisibleInDownloadsUi(true);
        // 设置下载后文件存放的位置
        down.setDestinationInExternalPublicDir(DOWNLOADPATH, "member.apk");
        down.setTitle("member");
        // 将下载请求放入队列
        manager.enqueue(down);
        //注册下载广播
        registerReceiver(receiver, new IntentFilter(DownloadManager.ACTION_DOWNLOAD_COMPLETE));
    }

    @Override
    public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {

        url = intent.getStringExtra("url");
        String path = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath() +DOWNLOADPATH+ "member.apk";
        File file = new File(path);
        if (file.exists()) {
            file.delete();
        }
        try {
            // 调用下载
            initDownManager();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "下载失败", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
        return Service.START_NOT_STICKY;
    }

    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {

        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public void onDestroy() {
        if (receiver != null)
            // 注销下载广播
            unregisterReceiver(receiver);
        super.onDestroy();
    }

    // 接受下载完成后的intent
    class DownloadCompleteReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
        @Override
        public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {

            //判断是否下载完成的广播
            if (intent.getAction().equals(DownloadManager.ACTION_DOWNLOAD_COMPLETE)) {
                //获取下载的文件id
                long downId = intent.getLongExtra(DownloadManager.EXTRA_DOWNLOAD_ID, -1);
                if (manager.getUriForDownloadedFile(downId) != null) {
                    //自动安装apk
                    installAPK(manager.getUriForDownloadedFile(downId), context);
                    //installAPK(context);
                } else {
                    Toast.makeText(context, "下载失败", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                }
                //停止服务并关闭广播
                UpdataService.this.stopSelf();
            }
        }

        private void installAPK(Uri apk, Context context) {
            if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < 23) {
                Intent intents = new Intent();
                intents.setAction("android.intent.action.VIEW");
                intents.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT");
                intents.setType("application/vnd.android.package-archive");
                intents.setData(apk);
                intents.setDataAndType(apk, "application/vnd.android.package-archive");
                intents.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
                startActivity(intents);
            } else {
                File file = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath() +DOWNLOADPATH+ "member.apk");
                if (file.exists()) {
                    openFile(file, context);
                }
            }
        }

        private void installAPK(Context context) {
            File file = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath() +DOWNLOADPATH+ "member.apk");
            if (file.exists()) {
                openFile(file, context);
            } else {
                Toast.makeText(context, "下载失败", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        }
    }


    public void openFile(File file, Context context) {
        Intent intent = new Intent();
        intent.addFlags(268435456);
        intent.setAction("android.intent.action.VIEW");
        String type = getMIMEType(file);
        intent.setDataAndType(Uri.fromFile(file), type);
        try {
            context.startActivity(intent);
        } catch (Exception var5) {
            var5.printStackTrace();
            Toast.makeText(context, "没有找到打开此类文件的程序", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }

    }

    public String getMIMEType(File var0) {
        String var1 = "";
        String var2 = var0.getName();
        String var3 = var2.substring(var2.lastIndexOf(".") + 1, var2.length()).toLowerCase();
        var1 = MimeTypeMap.getSingleton().getMimeTypeFromExtension(var3);
        return var1;
    }

}