SpringMVC javaConfig配置

SpringMVC的基础知识可以看我整理的(20条消息) SpringMVC 框架_阿肆努力学习中的博客-CSDN博客

 1.搭建项目，项目结构

 2. 引入依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>org.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>Lrm07_0104_SpringMVC</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>war</packaging>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.9.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>3.1.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
            <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.0</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
            <version>2.9.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
            <version>2.9.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
            <version>2.9.0</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

3. web工程初始化类WebInit，用来替代web.xml

package cn.zb.config;

import org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter;
import org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.support.AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer;

import javax.servlet.Filter;

public class WebInit extends AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer {
    /**
     * 指定Spring的配置类
     * @return
     */
    protected Class<?>[] getRootConfigClasses() {
        return new Class[]{SpringConfig.class};
    }

    /**
     * 指定SpringMVC的配置类
     * @return
     */
    protected Class<?>[] getServletConfigClasses() {
        return new Class[]{WebConfig.class};
    }

    /**
     * 指定DispatcherServlet的映射规则，即url-pattern
     * @return
     */
    protected String[] getServletMappings() {
        return new String[]{"/"};
    }

    /**
     * 注册过滤器
     * @return
     */
    @Override
    protected Filter[] getServletFilters() {
        CharacterEncodingFilter characterEncodingFilter = new CharacterEncodingFilter();
        characterEncodingFilter.setEncoding("UTF-8");
        characterEncodingFilter.setForceRequestEncoding(true);
        HiddenHttpMethodFilter hiddenHttpMethodFilter = new HiddenHttpMethodFilter();
        return new Filter[]{characterEncodingFilter,hiddenHttpMethodFilter};
    }
}

4. 编写WebConfig类，替代springmvc.xml配置文件

package cn.zb.config;

import cn.zb.interceptor.HelloInterceptor;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ViewResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.*;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver;


//将当前类标识为一个配置类
@Configuration
//扫描组件
@ComponentScan("cn.zb")
//mvc注解驱动
@EnableWebMvc
public class WebConfig extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter{
    @Bean
    public ViewResolver viewResolver(){
        InternalResourceViewResolver resolver = new InternalResourceViewResolver();
        resolver.setPrefix("/WEB-INF/view/");
        resolver.setSuffix(".jsp");
        resolver.setExposeContextBeansAsAttributes(true);
        return resolver;
    }

    @Override
    public void configureDefaultServletHandling(DefaultServletHandlerConfigurer configurer) {
        configurer.enable();
    }

    @Override
    public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
        HelloInterceptor interceptor = new HelloInterceptor();
        registry.addInterceptor(interceptor).addPathPatterns("/interceptor/**");
    }
}

5. 编写SpringConfig类，替代application.xml配置文件

【注意】：该类可以配置数据库等组件，我这里没配，可以根据自己需求来写

package cn.zb.config;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;

@ComponentScan("cn.zb")
public class SpringConfig {
}

6. 编写Controller类

package cn.zb.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

/**
 * 声明了该类为控制控制器类，DispatcherServlet接收到请求后会在控制器类中找对应的控制器方法
 */
@Controller
public class HelloController {
    @RequestMapping("/")
    public String index(){
        return "index";
    }
    @RequestMapping("/interceptor")
    public String interceptor(){
        return "/index";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/null")
    public String error(){
        //抛出空指针异常
        throw new NullPointerException();
    }
}

7. 编写拦截器类

【注意】：这里的业务逻辑根据自己的需求来，符合条件返回true放行请求，不符合请求返回false，拦截请求

package cn.zb.interceptor;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class HelloInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {

    public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("进入到了拦截器");
        return true;
    }
}

8. 编写异常处理类

【注意】：这里捕获了一个空指针异常，可以根据自己需求来

package cn.zb.error;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

@ControllerAdvice
public class SpringExceptionHandler {

    @ExceptionHandler(NullPointerException.class)
    public ModelAndView mv(Exception e){
        ModelAndView mv=new ModelAndView();
        //捕捉到异常返回的页面
        mv.setViewName("null");
        mv.addObject("exception",e.getMessage());
        return mv;
    }
}

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