问题及代码:
/*
*Copyright(c)2016,烟台大学计算机与控制工程学院
*All right reserved.
*文件名称:77.cpp
*作 者:董凯琦
*完成日期:2016年5月18日
*版 本 号:v1.0
*
*问题描述:请用类的友元函数,定义复数类重载运算符+、-、*、/,使之能用于复数的加减乘除
*输入描述:
*程序输出:
*/
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Complex
{
public:
Complex(){real=0;imag=0;}
Complex(double r,double i){real=r;imag=i;}
friend Complex operator+(Complex &c1, Complex &c2);
friend Complex operator-(Complex &c1, Complex &c2);
friend Complex operator*(Complex &c1, Complex &c2);
friend Complex operator/(Complex &c1, Complex &c2);
void display();
private:
double real;
double imag;
};
Complex operator+(Complex &c1, Complex &c2)
{
return Complex(c1.real+c2.real,c1.imag+c2.imag);
}
Complex operator-(Complex &c1, Complex &c2)
{
return Complex(c1.real-c2.real,c1.imag-c2.imag);
}
Complex operator*(Complex &c1, Complex &c2)
{
return Complex(c1.real*c2.real,c1.imag*c2.imag);
}
Complex operator/(Complex &c1, Complex &c2)
{
return Complex(c1.real/c2.real,c1.imag/c2.imag);
}
void Complex::display()
{
cout<<"("<<real<<","<<imag<<"i)"<<endl;
}
int main()
{
Complex c1(3,4),c2(5,-10),c3;
cout<<"c1=";
c1.display();
cout<<"c2=";
c2.display();
c3=c1+c2;
cout<<"c1+c2=";
c3.display();
c3=c1-c2;
cout<<"c1-c2=";
c3.display();
c3=c1*c2;
cout<<"c1*c2=";
c3.display();
c3=c1/c2;
cout<<"c1/c2=";
c3.display();
return 0;
}
运行结果:
知识点总结:
要注意成员函数完成运算符重载,和友元函数完成时的区别:
1.在定义构造函数时,成员函数包含一个参数而友元函数包含两个参数。
例如
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">friend Complex operator+(Complex &c1, Complex &c2);</span>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">2.在实现的时候友元函数:</span>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span><pre name="code" class="cpp">Complex operator+(Complex &c1, Complex &c2)
{
return Complex(c1.real+c2.real,c1.imag+c2.imag);
}
而成员函数:
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Complex Complex::operator+(const Complex &c2)
{
return Complex(real+c2.real,imag+c2.imag);
}
</span>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">学习心得:</span>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">要善于总结规律!</span>