线程按序交替

某公司面试题?线程的控制是使用线程必须掌握的.

问题:需要A,B,C使用三个不同的线程执行,但是他们的顺序不能乱,如ABC
并依次循环执行多次,可以控制A,B或C的执行次数.

实现代码如下:

import java.util.concurrent.locks.Condition;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;

/**
 * @author 嘿嘿嘿1212
 * @version 1.0
 * @date 2020/2/1 21:44
 */
public class TestABCAlternate {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        AlternateDemo ad = new AlternateDemo();
        //A线程
        new Thread(() -> {
            for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
                ad.loopA(i);
            }
        }, "A").start();
        //B线程
        new Thread(() -> {
            for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
                ad.loopB(i);
            }
        }, "B").start();
        //C线程
        new Thread(() -> {
            for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
                ad.loopC(i);
            }
        }, "C").start();
    }
}

class AlternateDemo {
    //当前线程正在执行的线程的标记
    private int number = 1;

    private Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();
    //创建控制不同线程的Condition
    private Condition condition1 = lock.newCondition();
    private Condition condition2 = lock.newCondition();
    private Condition condition3 = lock.newCondition();


    public void loopA(int totalLoop) {
        lock.lock();
        try {
            while (number != 1) {
                condition1.await();
            }
            for (int i = 1; i < 5; i++) {
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "\t" + i + "\t" + totalLoop);
            }
            number = 2;
            condition2.signal();
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            lock.unlock();
        }

    }

    public void loopB(int totalLoop) {
        lock.lock();
        try {
            while (number != 2) {
                condition2.await();
            }
            for (int i = 1; i < 5; i++) {
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "\t" + i + "\t" + totalLoop);
            }
            number = 3;
            condition3.signal();
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            lock.unlock();
        }

    }

    public void loopC(int totalLoop) {
        lock.lock();
        try {
            while (number != 3) {
                condition3.await();
            }
            for (int i = 1; i < 5; i++) {
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "\t" + i + "\t" + totalLoop);
            }
            System.out.println("------------------------------------------------------");
            number = 1;
            condition1.signal();
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            lock.unlock();
        }

    }

}

解析:

• 该代码是通过在不同线程执行时,判断当前线程是否是应该执行的线程,如不是则进行等待.
• 当被标记的线程执行完毕后,修改标记,并唤醒另一应执行线程. condition.await()方法会释放当前线程持有的锁
• 线程唤醒构成循环,则会到达执行一轮后,开始执行下一轮
• 而多轮循环的实现是在线程中构成循环(调用一次方法则只会执行一次),而执行第二次方法时,该线程会根据标记是否应该执行.