MacOS:10.14,Xcode:11.0
1、随意创建一个工程,可以是App project
Xcode -> File -> New -> Project... -> macOS -> Application -> App -> click Next
填写Product Name(XPCDemo) -> 选择或者不选择Team账号 -> click Next -> click create, 创建一个工程
2、创建xpc service
选中project -> 显示targets栏 -> 点击"+"号
选择macOS -> 筛选框中输入xpc -> 选择XPC Service -> click Next
填写Product Name -> 设置 Bundle Identifer -> click Finish完成创建
3、检查和设置
创建完成后,检查下TARGETS -> XPCDemo -> Build Phases中,有增加一项 Embed XPC Services
这个功能现在在我的Xcode 11.0是自动添加的,但很早以前的版本好像还要自己添加才行
检查或设置xpc的bundle identifer,在调用xpc时使用
4、文件说明:
XPC 创建后,在工程中会生成4个文件,
XPCServiceProtocol.h声明一些函数,
// XPCServiceProtocol.h文件
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
@protocol XPCServiceProtocol
- (void)upperCaseString:(NSString *)aString withReply:(void (^)(NSString *))reply;
@end
XPCService.h声明继承了协议,
// XPCService.h文件
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
#import "XPCServiceProtocol.h"
@interface XPCService : NSObject <XPCServiceProtocol>
@end
XPCService.m中实现这些协议方法
// XPCService.m文件
#import "XPCService.h"
@implementation XPCService
// XPCServiceProtocol.h中声明的方法的实现
- (void)upperCaseString:(NSString *)aString withReply:(void (^)(NSString *))reply {
NSString *response = [aString uppercaseString];
reply(response);
}
@end
这个函数是xcode自动生成的示例代码,可直接用来测试。在main.m文件中也有很多代码,都是自动生成的,暂且不管
调用XPC的时候,调用Protocol中声明的方法,Protocol是内外使用方法的桥梁
5、XPC启动和方法调用
在XPCServiceProtocol.h中也给出了如何使用xpc的一个示例代码
示例中给出了建立连接、运行方法、清除连接的方法
/*
To use the service from an application or other process, use NSXPCConnection to establish a connection to the service by doing something like this:
_connectionToService = [[NSXPCConnection alloc] initWithServiceName:@"com.company.XPCService"];
_connectionToService.remoteObjectInterface = [NSXPCInterface interfaceWithProtocol:@protocol(XPCServiceProtocol)];
[_connectionToService resume];
Once you have a connection to the service, you can use it like this:
[[_connectionToService remoteObjectProxy] upperCaseString:@"hello" withReply:^(NSString *aString) {
// We have received a response. Update our text field, but do it on the main thread.
NSLog(@"Result string was: %@", aString);
}];
And, when you are finished with the service, clean up the connection like this:
[_connectionToService invalidate];
*/
storyboard -> View Controller Scene -> 添加button -> ctrl+鼠标,将button在ViewController中建立个action连接
ViewController.h中引入头文件:
// ViewController.h文件
#import <Cocoa/Cocoa.h>
#import "XPCServiceProtocol.h"
#import "XPCService.h"
@interface ViewController : NSViewController
@end
ViewController.m文件内容:
// ViewController.m文件
#import "ViewController.h"
@interface ViewController(){
NSXPCConnection *_connectionToService; //私有变量
}
@end
@implementation ViewController
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
//建立xpc连接并启动
_connectionToService = [[NSXPCConnection alloc] initWithServiceName:@"com.company.XPCService"];
_connectionToService.remoteObjectInterface = [NSXPCInterface interfaceWithProtocol:@protocol(XPCServiceProtocol)];
[_connectionToService resume];
}
- (void)setRepresentedObject:(id)representedObject {
[super setRepresentedObject:representedObject];
// Update the view, if already loaded.
}
- (IBAction)XPCTest:(id)sender {
// XPC中运行方法
[[_connectionToService remoteObjectProxy] upperCaseString:@"hello" withReply:^(NSString *aString) {
NSLog(@"Result string was: %@", aString);
}];
}
@end
执行结果(XPC执行方法upperCaseString,输出结果):
github XPCDemo:https://github.com/auspark/XPCDemo
Apple Documentation:
Apple XPC
Creating XPC Services
Efficient Design with XPC Videos
Kernel and Device Drivers Layer