使用JDBC逻辑上的基本步骤:" connect to the database, create a statement and execute the query, and look at the result set."
Class DriverManager
public static Connection getConnection (String url, Properties info) throws SQLException
-
Attempts to establish a connection to the given database URL. The
DriverManager
attempts to select an appropriate driver from the set of registered JDBC drivers. -
-
Parameters:
-
url
- a database url of the formjdbc:subprotocol :subname
-
info
- a list of arbitrary string tag/value pairs as connection arguments; normally at least a "user" and "password" property should be included
Returns:
- a Connection to the URL Throws:
-
SQLException
- if a database access error occurs
-
Interface Connection
A connection (session) with a specific database. SQL statements are executed and results are returned within the context of a connection.
A Connection
object's database is able to provide information describing its tables, its supported SQL grammar, its stored procedures, the capabilities of this connection, and so on. This information is obtained with the getMetaData
method.
Interface Statement
The object used for executing a static SQL statement and returning the results it produces.
By default, only one ResultSet
object per Statement
object can be open at the same time. Therefore, if the reading of one ResultSet
object is interleaved with the reading of another, each must have been generated by different Statement
objects. All execution methods in the Statement
interface implicitly close a statment's current ResultSet
object if an open one exists.
Interface PreparedStatement
It is subinterface of Statement. An object that represents a precompiled SQL statement.
A SQL statement is precompiled and stored in a PreparedStatement
object. This object can then be used to efficiently execute this statement multiple times.
Statement vs. PreparedStatement
If you want to execute a Statement
object many times, it normally reduces execution time to use a PreparedStatement
object instead.
The main feature of a PreparedStatement
object is that, unlike a Statement
object, it is given an SQL statement when it is created. The advantage to this is that in most cases, this SQL statement is sent to the DBMS right away, where it is compiled. As a result, the PreparedStatement
object contains not just an SQL statement, but an SQL statement that has been precompiled. This means that when the PreparedStatement
is executed, the DBMS can just run the PreparedStatement
SQL statement without having to compile it first.
Although PreparedStatement
objects can be used for SQL statements with no parameters, you probably use them most often for SQL statements that take parameters. The advantage of using SQL statements that take parameters is that you can use the same statement and supply it with different values each time you execute it.
Interface ResultSet
A table of data representing a database result set, which is usually generated by executing a statement that queries the database.
[4]是一个非常好的Get Start,建议新手一定要看看。
最后附上一个完整的例子,大家可以复习一下上面提到的内容,例子来自[5],使用了sqlite嵌入式数据库。
参考
[1]Getting Started with JDBC API
[2]JDBC 4.0
[3]http://java.sun.com/products/jdbc/overview.html
[4]http://java.sun.com/docs/books/tutorial/jdbc/basics/index.html
[5]http://www.zentus.com/sqlitejdbc/