Hibernate N+1问题

1.n+1问题:当查询多一方时，默认会把对应一的一端也查出来.

 

2.解决方法:

 A:设置关联关系 @ManyToOne(fetch=FetchType.LAZY)

 

 B.这种用得比较少,在一的那端设置 @BatchSize(size=5)

 

 C.用外边接 from Topic t left join fetch t.category c

 

 

3.例子:

 

model:

package com.hibernate.model;

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;

import org.hibernate.annotations.BatchSize;

@Entity
//@BatchSize(size=5)
public class Category {
	
	
	private int id;
	private String name;
	@Id
	@GeneratedValue
	public int getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(int id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	
	

}


package com.hibernate.model;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.FetchType;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.NamedQueries;
import javax.persistence.NamedQuery;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;


@Entity

@NamedQueries(
		{
			@NamedQuery(name="topic.selectCertainTopic",query="from Topic t where t.id = :id")
		}
)


public class Topic {
	private int id;
	private String title;
	private Category category;
	private Date createDate;
	private List<Msg> msgs = new ArrayList<Msg>();
	
	
	
	@OneToMany(mappedBy="topic")
	public List<Msg> getMsgs() {
		return msgs;
	}
	public void setMsgs(List<Msg> msgs) {
		this.msgs = msgs;
	}
	public Date getCreateDate() {
		return createDate;
	}
	public void setCreateDate(Date createDate) {
		this.createDate = createDate;
	}
	@ManyToOne(fetch=FetchType.LAZY)
	public Category getCategory() {
		return category;
	}
	@Id
	@GeneratedValue
	public int getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public String getTitle() {
		return title;
	}
	public void setCategory(Category category) {
		this.category = category;
	}
	public void setId(int id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public void setTitle(String title) {
		this.title = title;
	}
	

}


Test:


package com.hibernate.test;

import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;

import org.hibernate.Criteria;
import org.hibernate.Query;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration;
import org.hibernate.criterion.Example;
import org.hibernate.criterion.Restrictions;
import org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaExport;
import org.junit.AfterClass;
import org.junit.BeforeClass;
import org.junit.Test;

import com.hibernate.model.Category;
import com.hibernate.model.Msg;
import com.hibernate.model.MsgInfo;
import com.hibernate.model.Topic;

public class HQLTest {

	private static SessionFactory sf = null;

	@BeforeClass
	public static void beforeClass() {
		// new SchemaExport(new
		// AnnotationConfiguration().configure()).create(false, true);
		sf = new AnnotationConfiguration().configure().buildSessionFactory();
	}

	@AfterClass
	public static void afterClass() {
		sf.close();
	}

	@Test
	public void testSchemaExport() {
		new SchemaExport(new AnnotationConfiguration().configure()).create(
				false, true);
		
		testSave();
	}

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		new HQLTest().testSchemaExport();
	}
	
	
	@Test
	public void testSave() {
		Session session = sf.openSession();
		session.beginTransaction();
		
		for(int i=0; i<10; i++) {
			Category c = new Category();
			c.setName("c" + i);
			Topic t = new Topic();
			t.setCategory(c);
			t.setTitle("t" + i);
			t.setCreateDate(new Date());
			session.save(c);
			session.save(t);
		}
			
		session.getTransaction().commit();
		session.close();
	}
	
	
	//N+1
	@Test
	public void testQuery1() {
		Session session = sf.openSession();
		session.beginTransaction();
		List<Topic> topics = (List<Topic>)session.createQuery("from Topic").list();
					 
		
		for(Topic t : topics) {
			System.out.println(t.getId() + "-" + t.getTitle());
			System.out.println(t.getCategory().getName());
		}
		session.getTransaction().commit();
		session.close();
		
	}
	
	
	//join fetch
	@Test
	public void testQuery4() {
		Session session = sf.openSession(); 
		session.beginTransaction();
		//List<Topic> topics = (List<Topic>)session.createCriteria(Topic.class).list();
		List<Topic> topics = (List<Topic>)session.createQuery("from Topic t left join fetch t.category c").list();
		
		for(Topic t : topics) {
			System.out.println(t.getId() + "-" + t.getTitle());
			System.out.println(t.getCategory().getName());
		}
		session.getTransaction().commit();
		session.close();
		
	}

	
	
	
	
	
	
		
	
}