CentOS 7 yum安装openjdk以及环境变量配置、hadoop配置java环境变量

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在安装hadoop后，运行hadoop时提示
ERROR: JAVA_HOME is not set and could not be found.
需要配置java路径，于是便重新安装openjdk 1.8

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[....]$yum list java-1.8*   #查看openjdk1.8有哪些组件

java-1.8.0-openjdk.i686                       1:1.8.0.191.b12-1.el7_6 updates
java-1.8.0-openjdk.x86_64                     1:1.8.0.201.b09-2.el7_6 updates
..........
java-1.8.0-openjdk-src-debug.i686             1:1.8.0.191.b12-1.el7_6 updates
java-1.8.0-openjdk-src-debug.x86_64           1:1.8.0.201.b09-2.el7_6 updates

#安装全部
[....]$ yum install java-1.8.0-openjdk* -y
已安装:
  java-1.8.0-openjdk.x86_64 1:1.8.0.201.b09-2.el7_6                          
  java-1.8.0-openjdk-accessibility.x86_64 1:1.8.0.201.b09-2.el7_6            
  java-1.8.0-openjdk-accessibility-debug.x86_64 1:1.8.0.201.b09-2.el7_6      
  java-1.8.0-openjdk-debug.x86_64 1:1.8.0.201.b09-2.el7_6                    
  java-1.8.0-openjdk-demo.x86_64 1:1.8.0.201.b09-2.el7_6                     
  java-1.8.0-openjdk-demo-debug.x86_64 1:1.8.0.201.b09-2.el7_6               
  java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel.x86_64 1:1.8.0.201.b09-2.el7_6                    
  java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel-debug.x86_64 1:1.8.0.201.b09-2.el7_6              
  java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless.x86_64 1:1.8.0.201.b09-2.el7_6                 
  java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless-debug.x86_64 1:1.8.0.201.b09-2.el7_6           
  java-1.8.0-openjdk-javadoc.noarch 1:1.8.0.201.b09-2.el7_6                  
  java-1.8.0-openjdk-javadoc-debug.noarch 1:1.8.0.201.b09-2.el7_6            
  java-1.8.0-openjdk-javadoc-zip.noarch 1:1.8.0.201.b09-2.el7_6              
  java-1.8.0-openjdk-javadoc-zip-debug.noarch 1:1.8.0.201.b09-2.el7_6        
  java-1.8.0-openjdk-src.x86_64 1:1.8.0.201.b09-2.el7_6                      
  java-1.8.0-openjdk-src-debug.x86_64 1:1.8.0.201.b09-2.el7_6     

其实这时候java的环境变量已经自动被配置好了，但是由于hadoop要指定JAVA_HOME路径才行，于是就转到openjdk的安装目录下

/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.201.b09-2.el7_6.x86_64

接下来就可以配置 JAVA_HOME 环境变量，为方便，我们在 ~/.bashrc 中进行设置

vim ~/.bashrc

在文件末尾添加

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.201.b09-2.el7_6.x86_64

最后，执行使配置生效

source ~/.bashrc    # 使变量设置生效

接下来，配置hadoop中的JAVA环境变量

在hadoop-env.sh文件中进行编辑

[hadoop@localhost hadoop-3.1.2]$ vim ./etc/hadoop/hadoop-env.sh

#在图中所示的位置添加java的环境变量
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.201.b09-2.el7_6.x86_64

执行hadoop命令，查看配置是否有效

hadoop@localhost hadoop-3.1.2]$ ./bin/hadoop version

#正常显示
Hadoop 3.1.2
Source code repository https://github.com/apache/hadoop.git -r 1019dde65bcf12e05ef48ac71e84550d589e5d9a
Compiled by sunilg on 2019-01-29T01:39Z
Compiled with protoc 2.5.0
From source with checksum 64b8bdd4ca6e77cce75a93eb09ab2a9
This command was run using /usr/local/hadoop-3.1.2/share/hadoop/common/hadoop-common-3.1.2.jar
[hadoop@localhost hadoop-3.1.2]$ vim ./etc/hadoop/hadoop-env.sh
[hadoop@localhost hadoop-3.1.2]$ ./bin/hadoop version
Hadoop 3.1.2
Source code repository https://github.com/apache/hadoop.git -r 1019dde65bcf12e05ef48ac71e84550d589e5d9a
Compiled by sunilg on 2019-01-29T01:39Z
Compiled with protoc 2.5.0
From source with checksum 64b8bdd4ca6e77cce75a93eb09ab2a9
This command was run using /usr/local/hadoop-3.1.2/share/hadoop/common/hadoop-common-3.1.2.jar