全志V3S平台中uboot向内核传递simplefb参数流程解析

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    最近一段时间在荔枝派zero上调试simplefb进行显示视频和图片，经过一段时间的研究，基本上搞清楚了simplefb参数的设置、uboot和kernel之间关于参数的传递流程，在这里记录一下，以备查阅。

    simplefb使能和参数设置的流程：

1、在uboot中设置参数：

下面具体看一下在uboot中simplefb参数的设置，如下图所示：

具体的设置路径为：ARM architecture  ---> Enable graphical uboot console on HDMI, LCD or VGA ---> LCD panel timing details

2、内核设备树中设置simplefb的相关节点：

具体的设置方式如下图所示：

这里面需要注意几点：一是节点名称，必须是framebuffer；二是compatible字段必须包含allwinner,simple-framebuffer；三是allwinner,pipeline字段对于全志的V3S等内部的显示模块de2的平台，必须是de0-lcd0。具体原因下面再说。我看到网上有人说，必须simplefb的设备树节点必须要放在chosen节点下面，其实不需要。

3、uboot读取内核设备树后，找到和simplefb相关的节点，根据预先设置的参数信息进行修改。

具体的修改流程需要对uboot的源码进行解析，首先看driver/video/sunxi_display.c中的void *video_hw_init(void)函数，这个函数是对参数的设置：

void *video_hw_init(void)
{
	static GraphicDevice *graphic_device = &sunxi_display.graphic_device;
	const struct ctfb_res_modes *mode;
	struct ctfb_res_modes custom;
	const char *options;
#ifdef CONFIG_VIDEO_HDMI
	int ret, hpd, hpd_delay, edid;
#endif
	int i, overscan_offset, overscan_x, overscan_y;
	unsigned int fb_dma_addr;
	char mon[16];
	char *lcd_mode = CONFIG_VIDEO_LCD_MODE;

	memset(&sunxi_display, 0, sizeof(struct sunxi_display));

	video_get_ctfb_res_modes(RES_MODE_1024x768, 24, &mode,
				 &sunxi_display.depth, &options);
#ifdef CONFIG_VIDEO_HDMI
	hpd = video_get_option_int(options, "hpd", 1);
	hpd_delay = video_get_option_int(options, "hpd_delay", 500);
	edid = video_get_option_int(options, "edid", 1);
#endif
	overscan_x = video_get_option_int(options, "overscan_x", -1);
	overscan_y = video_get_option_int(options, "overscan_y", -1);
	sunxi_display.monitor = sunxi_get_default_mon(true);
	video_get_option_string(options, "monitor", mon, sizeof(mon),
				sunxi_get_mon_desc(sunxi_display.monitor));
	for (i = 0; i <= SUNXI_MONITOR_LAST; i++) {
		if (strcmp(mon, sunxi_get_mon_desc(i)) == 0) {
			sunxi_display.monitor = i;
			break;
		}
	}
	if (i > SUNXI_MONITOR_LAST)
		printf("Unknown monitor: '%s', falling back to '%s'\n",
		       mon, sunxi_get_mon_desc(sunxi_display.monitor));

#ifdef CONFIG_VIDEO_HDMI
	/* If HDMI/DVI is selected do HPD & EDID, and handle fallback */
	if (sunxi_display.monitor == sunxi_monitor_dvi ||
	    sunxi_display.monitor == sunxi_monitor_hdmi) {
		/* Always call hdp_detect, as it also enables clocks, etc. */
		ret = sunxi_hdmi_hpd_detect(hpd_delay);
		if (ret) {
			printf("HDMI connected: ");
			if (edid && sunxi_hdmi_edid_get_mode(&custom) == 0)
				mode = &custom;
		} else if (hpd) {
			sunxi_hdmi_shutdown();
			sunxi_display.monitor = sunxi_get_default_mon(false);
		} /* else continue with hdmi/dvi without a cable connected */
	}
#endif

	switch (sunxi_display.monitor) {
	case sunxi_monitor_none:
		return NULL;
	case sunxi_monitor_dvi:
	case sunxi_monitor_hdmi:
		if (!sunxi_has_hdmi()) {
			printf("HDMI/DVI not supported on this board\n");
			sunxi_display.monitor = sunxi_monitor_none;
			return NULL;
		}
		break;
	case sunxi_monitor_lcd:
		if (!sunxi_has_lcd()) {
			printf("LCD not supported on this board\n");
			sunxi_display.monitor = sunxi_monitor_none;
			return NULL;
		}
		sunxi_display.depth = video_get_params(&custom, lcd_mode);
		mode = &custom;
		break;
	case sunxi_monitor_vga:
		if (!sunxi_has_vga()) {
			printf("VGA not supported on this board\n");
			sunxi_display.monitor = sunxi_monitor_none;
			return NULL;
		}
		sunxi_display.depth = 18;
		break;
	case sunxi_monitor_composite_pal:
	case sunxi_monitor_composite_ntsc:
	case sunxi_monitor_composite_pal_m:
	case sunxi_monitor_composite_pal_nc:
		if (!sunxi_has_composite()) {
			printf("Composite video not supported on this board\n");
			sunxi_display.monitor = sunxi_monitor_none;
			return NULL;
		}
		if (sunxi_display.monitor == sunxi_monitor_composite_pal ||
		    sunxi_display.monitor == sunxi_monitor_composite_pal_nc)
			mode = &composite_video_modes[0];
		else
			mode = &composite_video_modes[1];
		sunxi_display.depth = 24;
		break;
	}

	/* Yes these defaults are quite high, overscan on composite sucks... */
	if (overscan_x == -1)
		overscan_x = sunxi_is_composite() ? 32 : 0;
	if (overscan_y == -1)
		overscan_y = sunxi_is_composite() ? 20 : 0;

	sunxi_display.fb_size =
		(mode->xres * mode->yres * 4 + 0xfff) & ~0xfff;
	overscan_offset = (overscan_y * mode->xres + overscan_x) * 4;
	/* We want to keep the fb_base for simplefb page aligned, where as
	 * the sunxi dma engines will happily accept an unaligned address. */
	if (overscan_offset)
		sunxi_display.fb_size += 0x1000;

	if (sunxi_display.fb_size > CONFIG_SUNXI_MAX_FB_SIZE) {
		printf("Error need %dkB for fb, but only %dkB is reserved\n",
		       sunxi_display.fb_size >> 10,
		       CONFIG_SUNXI_MAX_FB_SIZE >> 10);
		return NULL;
	}

	printf("Setting up a %dx%d%s %s console (overscan %dx%d)\n",
	       mode->xres, mode->yres,
	       (mode->vmode == FB_VMODE_INTERLACED) ? "i" : "",
	       sunxi_get_mon_desc(sunxi_display.monitor),
	       overscan_x, overscan_y);

	gd->fb_base = gd->bd->bi_dram[0].start +
		      gd->bd->bi_dram[0].size - sunxi_display.fb_size;
	sunxi_engines_init();

	fb_dma_addr = gd->fb_base - CONFIG_SYS_SDRAM_BASE;
	sunxi_display.fb_addr = gd->fb_base;
	if (overscan_offset) {
		fb_dma_addr += 0x1000 - (overscan_offset & 0xfff);
		sunxi_display.fb_addr += (overscan_offset + 0xfff) & ~0xfff;
		memset((void *)gd->fb_base, 0, sunxi_display.fb_size);
		flush_cache(gd->fb_base, sunxi_display.fb_size);
	}
	sunxi_mode_set(mode, fb_dma_addr);

	/*
	 * These are the only members of this structure that are used. All the
	 * others are driver specific. The pitch is stored in plnSizeX.
	 */
	graphic_device->frameAdrs = sunxi_display.fb_addr;
	graphic_device->gdfIndex = GDF_32BIT_X888RGB;
	graphic_device->gdfBytesPP = 4;
	graphic_device->winSizeX = mode->xres - 2 * overscan_x;
	graphic_device->winSizeY = mode->yres - 2 * overscan_y;
	graphic_device->plnSizeX = mode->xres * graphic_device->gdfBytesPP;

	return graphic_device;
}

这个函数设置了做了很多工作，可是对于咱们设置的lcd参数，只有video_get_params(&custom, lcd_mode)这个函数最关键，这个函数就是去读取在上面第一步中配置的lcd的时序的接口，这个函数的具体路径是driver/video/videomodes.c，进入这个函数，可以详细看一下：

int video_get_params (struct ctfb_res_modes *pPar, char *penv)
{
	char *p, *s, *val_s;
	int i = 0;
	int bpp;
	int mode;

	/* first search for the environment containing the real param string */
	s = penv;

	if ((p = getenv (s)) != NULL)
		s = p;

	/*
	 * in case of the bootargs line, we have to start
	 * after "video=ctfb:"
	 */
	i = video_search_param (s, "video=ctfb:");
	if (i >= 0) {
		s += i;
		s += strlen ("video=ctfb:");
	}
	/* search for mode as a default value */
	p = s;
	mode = 0;		/* default */

	while ((i = video_get_param_len (p, ',')) != 0) {
		GET_OPTION ("mode:", mode)
			p += i;
		if (*p != 0)
			p++;	/* skip ',' */
	}

	if (mode >= RES_MODES_COUNT)
		mode = 0;

	*pPar = res_mode_init[mode];	/* copy default values */
	bpp = 24 - ((mode % 3) * 8);
	p = s;			/* restart */

	while ((i = video_get_param_len (p, ',')) != 0) {
		GET_OPTION ("x:", pPar->xres)
			GET_OPTION ("y:", pPar->yres)
			GET_OPTION ("refresh:", pPar->refresh)
			GET_OPTION ("le:", pPar->left_margin)
			GET_OPTION ("ri:", pPar->right_margin)
			GET_OPTION ("up:", pPar->upper_margin)
			GET_OPTION ("lo:", pPar->lower_margin)
			GET_OPTION ("hs:", pPar->hsync_len)
			GET_OPTION ("vs:", pPar->vsync_len)
			GET_OPTION ("sync:", pPar->sync)
			GET_OPTION ("vmode:", pPar->vmode)
			GET_OPTION ("pclk:", pPar->pixclock)
			GET_OPTION ("pclk_khz:", pPar->pixclock_khz)
			GET_OPTION ("depth:", bpp)
			p += i;
		if (*p != 0)
			p++;	/* skip ',' */
	}
	return bpp;
}

从最后几行的while循环中，可以看到分别去解析在uboot中设置的参数的各个字段，病保存到先关的数据结构中。

参数初始化后，再回到原来的sunxi_display.c中，看一下这个文件中的sunxi_simplefb_setup(void *blob)这个函数：

/*
 * Simplefb support.
 */
#if defined(CONFIG_OF_BOARD_SETUP) && defined(CONFIG_VIDEO_DT_SIMPLEFB)
int sunxi_simplefb_setup(void *blob)
{
	static GraphicDevice *graphic_device = &sunxi_display.graphic_device;
	int offset, ret;
	u64 start, size;
	const char *pipeline = NULL;

#ifdef CONFIG_MACH_SUN4I
#define PIPELINE_PREFIX "de_fe0-de_be0-"
#elif defined CONFIG_SUNXI_DE2
#define PIPELINE_PREFIX "de0-"
#else
#define PIPELINE_PREFIX "de_be0-"
#endif

	switch (sunxi_display.monitor) {
	case sunxi_monitor_none:
		return 0;
	case sunxi_monitor_dvi:
	case sunxi_monitor_hdmi:
		pipeline = PIPELINE_PREFIX "lcd0-hdmi";
		break;
	case sunxi_monitor_lcd:
		pipeline = PIPELINE_PREFIX "lcd0";
		break;
	case sunxi_monitor_vga:
#ifdef CONFIG_VIDEO_VGA
		pipeline = PIPELINE_PREFIX "lcd0-tve0";
#elif defined CONFIG_VIDEO_VGA_VIA_LCD
		pipeline = PIPELINE_PREFIX "lcd0";
#endif
		break;
	case sunxi_monitor_composite_pal:
	case sunxi_monitor_composite_ntsc:
	case sunxi_monitor_composite_pal_m:
	case sunxi_monitor_composite_pal_nc:
		pipeline = PIPELINE_PREFIX "de_be0-lcd0-tve0";
		break;
	}

	/* Find a prefilled simpefb node, matching out pipeline config */
	offset = fdt_node_offset_by_compatible(blob, -1,
					       "allwinner,simple-framebuffer");
	while (offset >= 0) {
		ret = fdt_stringlist_search(blob, offset, "allwinner,pipeline",
					    pipeline);
		if (ret == 0)
			break;
		offset = fdt_node_offset_by_compatible(blob, offset,
					       "allwinner,simple-framebuffer");
	}
	if (offset < 0) {
		eprintf("Cannot setup simplefb: node not found\n");
		return 0; /* Keep older kernels working */
	}

	/*
	 * Do not report the framebuffer as free RAM to the OS, note we cannot
	 * use fdt_add_mem_rsv() here, because then it is still seen as RAM,
	 * and e.g. Linux refuses to iomap RAM on ARM, see:
	 * linux/arch/arm/mm/ioremap.c around line 301.
	 */
	start = gd->bd->bi_dram[0].start;
	size = gd->bd->bi_dram[0].size - sunxi_display.fb_size;
	ret = fdt_fixup_memory_banks(blob, &start, &size, 1);
	if (ret) {
		eprintf("Cannot setup simplefb: Error reserving memory\n");
		return ret;
	}

	ret = fdt_setup_simplefb_node(blob, offset, sunxi_display.fb_addr,
			graphic_device->winSizeX, graphic_device->winSizeY,
			graphic_device->plnSizeX, "x8r8g8b8");
	if (ret)
		eprintf("Cannot setup simplefb: Error setting properties\n");

	return ret;
}
#endif /* CONFIG_OF_BOARD_SETUP && CONFIG_VIDEO_DT_SIMPLEFB */

这个函数的前半部分就是在匹配内核设备树中simplefb节点中相关的字段，从代码中可以很清晰的看到，对于sun8i的v3s平台，pipeline字段是de0-lcd0，compatible字段是allwinner,simple-framebuffer，这就是上面为什么说必须是这两个字符串。这个函数的后半部分主要是对内核设备树的修改，增加simplefb的显示的长、宽、高等参数的设置，进入到fdt_setup_simplefb_node()这个函数，可以看到具体的设置流程：

/**
 * fdt_setup_simplefb_node - Fill and enable a simplefb node
 *
 * @fdt: ptr to device tree
 * @node: offset of the simplefb node
 * @base_address: framebuffer base address
 * @width: width in pixels
 * @height: height in pixels
 * @stride: bytes per line
 * @format: pixel format string
 *
 * Convenience function to fill and enable a simplefb node.
 */
int fdt_setup_simplefb_node(void *fdt, int node, u64 base_address, u32 width,
			    u32 height, u32 stride, const char *format)
{
	char name[32];
	fdt32_t cells[4];
	int i, addrc, sizec, ret;

	of_bus_default_count_cells(fdt, fdt_parent_offset(fdt, node),
				   &addrc, &sizec);
	i = 0;
	if (addrc == 2)
		cells[i++] = cpu_to_fdt32(base_address >> 32);
	cells[i++] = cpu_to_fdt32(base_address);
	if (sizec == 2)
		cells[i++] = 0;
	cells[i++] = cpu_to_fdt32(height * stride);

	ret = fdt_setprop(fdt, node, "reg", cells, sizeof(cells[0]) * i);
	if (ret < 0)
		return ret;

	snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "framebuffer@%" PRIx64, base_address);
	ret = fdt_set_name(fdt, node, name);
	if (ret < 0)
		return ret;

	ret = fdt_setprop_u32(fdt, node, "width", width);
	if (ret < 0)
		return ret;

	ret = fdt_setprop_u32(fdt, node, "height", height);
	if (ret < 0)
		return ret;

	ret = fdt_setprop_u32(fdt, node, "stride", stride);
	if (ret < 0)
		return ret;

	ret = fdt_setprop_string(fdt, node, "format", format);
	if (ret < 0)
		return ret;

	ret = fdt_setprop_string(fdt, node, "status", "okay");
	if (ret < 0)
		return ret;

	return 0;
}

有一点儿需要关注一下，就是在最后设置状态时，默认的是"okay"，这就是为啥在设备树中设置的simplefb的状态是不是使能，最终都是使能的状态。至此，在uboot中设置lcd的参数，uboot对内核的设备树进行修改，将参数传递设备树的流程就完成了，下一步等到内核启动时，就可以对uboot修改后的设备树进行解析并启动相关的驱动。

好了，今天就记录到此。